Résumés
Résumé
L’agression sexuelle pendant l’enfance peut engendrer des conséquences importantes, et ceci se révèle d’autant plus vrai lorsque les formes de violence s’accumulent dans la vie des enfants. La recherche a permis de mieux comprendre l’influence de facteurs proximaux et distaux pouvant favoriser le rétablissement des jeunes victimes ou lui nuire. Parmi ceux-ci, la trajectoire de services a été moins explorée. En matière de violence sexuelle, cette trajectoire comporte plusieurs défis puisqu’elle implique la concertation multidisciplinaire des services policiers, judiciaires, psychologiques et sociaux. Aux États-Unis et plus tard au Québec, des Centres d’appui aux enfants et à la jeunesse (CAEJ) ont été implantés comme modèle pouvant faciliter la concertation des services, notamment grâce à une offre de services centralisés en un lieu et un contexte d’intervention sensible à la réalité traumatique des enfants. Peu d’études ont toutefois exploré l’apport de ces services. Le présent article examine l’influence de facteurs pouvant contribuer au rétablissement des enfants en documentant la trajectoire de services centralisés sur une période de 10 ans dans le premier Centre d’appui aux enfants implanté au Québec. Les résultats révèlent que le nombre de services centralisés sous un même toit n’est pas associé au rétablissement des victimes. Toutefois, au sein d’une structure où un certain nombre de services sont centralisés (CAEJ), les résultats montrent que l’implication de la Direction de la protection de la jeunesse dès l’évaluation initiale et le nombre de séances de soutien offertes aux parents représentent des éléments de la trajectoire de services qui sont associés au rétablissement des victimes à la suite d’une psychothérapie.
Mots-clés :
- agression sexuelle pendant l'enfance,
- services centralisés,
- Centre d'appui aux enfants,
- détresse psychologique,
- pratiques sensibles au trauma
Abstract
Child sexual abuse can be related to a host of negative outcomes, even more so when multiple forms of victimization accumulate into children’s life. Research has provided insight into the influence of proximal and distal factors that may facilitate or hamper victims' recovery in youths. Among such factors, the service trajectory of victims has been explored to a lesser extent. In relation to child sexual abuse, the multidisciplinary coordination of law enforcement, legal, psychological, or social support services within the service trajectory poses its share of challenges. In the United States and later in Quebec, Child and Youth Advocacy Centres (CYAC) were implemented as a model that could facilitate coordination, provide centralized services under one roof and an intervention context that is trauma informed. Yet, few studies have explored the contribution of such centralized services. This article examines the influence of factors that may contribute to the recovery of children by documenting the centralization of services over a ten-year period within the trajectory of the first Child Advocacy Centre implemented in the province of Quebec. Results revealed that the number of centralized services received under one roof is not a factor associated with the recovery of victims following psychotherapy. However, within a structure where services are centralized (ex.: CYAC), results show that the implication of child protection services at the time of the initial assessment and the number of counseling sessions offered to the parents are elements of the service trajectory that are related to lower scores of psychological distress after psychotherapy.
Keywords:
- Child, sexual abuse,
- integrated services,
- Child and Youth Advocacy Centres,
- psychological distress,
- trauma-informed practices
Parties annexes
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