McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1942

These studies were carried out in an attempt to elucidate the mode of action of the drug phenothiazine. The first record of phenothiazine (thiodiphenylamine ) appears with its synthesis in 1885 by Bernthsen, in his studies on compounds of the methylene blue group. It gives rise to many dyes, the most important being methylene blue, Lauth’s violet, and thionol. Phenothiazine is a soft, smooth powder of talc-like consistency, slightly off yellowish-white in colour. It has a faint but characteristic odour and taste. It is highly insoluble in water, but readily soluble in the fat solvents, alcohol, xylol, toluol, ether, chloroform. …  Lire la suite

From an investigation of the reduction of α-bromoisobutyrophenone with aluminum isopropoxide, products have been isolated which indicate extensive debromination and rearrangement as well as reduction of the parent substance. [...]  Lire la suite

From service time and sorption gradient studies on sulfur dioxide and carbon tetrachloride, it was found that: ( 1) the equilibrium sorption weight could be represented by the Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm; (2) the “critical length” was a linear function of the initial concentration; (3) the length of the sorption gradient and the dead length varied as the logarithm of the initial concentration; (4) the weight of sorbed at any point in the charcoal bed increased with time according to: x = K e^-k/t and (5) the initial sorption of the gas by the first layers of the charcoal bed followed …  Lire la suite

Le nom de Saint François de Sales évoque bien souvent un souvenir un peu ironique: le saint le plus doucereux qui fût, à la langue fleurie plus qu’il n’est raisonnable. Si, un peu curieux, on se réfère aux jugements critiques, que trouve-t-on? Un Sainte-Beuve tout bienveillant et sympathique, résume son opinion: «fadaises séraphiques» ! Huysmans abonde dans le même sens, de même que, tout récemment, Paul Souday: «Trop de confiseries et d’images douceâtres pour dessus de boites à bonbons !» [...] Un «formateur» de conscience, c’est le docteur qui soigne la conscience malade, en redresse les déviations; puis c’est le …  Lire la suite

A heterogeneous basic complex and the surrounding and intruding rocks are described. There are few outcrops and much alteration so the description is brief and some of the conclusions based on it must be conjectural. The basic complex is discussed and interpreted as having been a layered massif or massifs, which together with the older rocks have been folded and much altered. This conclusion is reached partly on an analogy with a fairly common type of massif which is characterized as having a considerable horizontal extent in comparison with its depth, or thickness, but for which there is no general …  Lire la suite

The feasibility of producing toluene by the aromatization of paraffins and naphthenes has been reinvestigated. The preparation of chromium oxide-alumina catalysts has been improved and the optimum conditions for the aromatization of pure n-heptane, methylcyclohexane, heptenes, enfi selected fractions of a Turner Valley naphtha have been determined. A simplified catalysis apparatus and a new type of stillhead are described. Data is given for the preparation of isomeric heptenes and heptane from heptanol-2, and for a close fractionation of a Turner Valley naphtha. The Gabriel-Nathanson Rearrangement of benzalmaleide into 2-phenylcyclopentenedione-1, 3, of α, β- diphenyl-γ-benzalcrotonolactone into triphenylcyclopentenedione, and of benzalphthalide into …  Lire la suite

New England and French Canada are adjacent communities on the Atlantic seaboard of the North American continent. Both are quite old, dating respectively from 1608 and 1620. Both were founded at about the same time through for obviously different reasons. Both represent the earliest movements of population westward from Europe to North America, precursors of the vast migrations which were to follow in the years afterward. Both represent organized settlements of people, each in its own way, fairly homogeneous in outlook; hardy stock; pioneers. There are some outstanding differences between these two settlements. The newcomers to French Canada were French …  Lire la suite

A controlled study is presented demonstrating motility changes in the fasting stomach of trained dogs during and after vestibular stimulation. Two methods of stimulation were used. The first method--binaural application of a galvanic current over the cocainized mastoid areas--produces fundic hypotonus and inactivity. There follows, in most cases. the appearance, development, and persistence of abnormal continual contractions, characterized by a 20 second rhythm on a low tonal level. The second method--linear and vertical acceleration--elicits immediate inhibition of hunger contractions and vomiting in addition to the effects noted above. The subcutaneous injection of prostigmine evokes a hyperactivity of the fasting stomach. …  Lire la suite

Part I: Ammonia can react with phosphorus trifluoride only at low temperature, (-78°c.), to produce ammonium fluoride and phosphotriamide, P (NH2)3. This last compound is unstable and decomposes at about -25°C. into imidophosphoamide, P NH NH2. This compound is also unstable and decomposes around 0°c. into phosphotriimide, P2 (NH)3, which is much more stable. No compound, which could be easily decomposed into the initial reacting gases, was obtained. This reaction is similar to the reactions obtained with ammonia and any of the other three phosphorus trihalides; the same phosphorus compounds are formed with the corresponding ammonium halide (7, 8, 12). …  Lire la suite

Experimental carcinogenesis, or the experimental production of tumors in animals, is a relatively new field of research. Its beginning dates from 1915 when the Japanese workers Yamagiwa and Itchikawa first succeeded in producing papillomas and true malignant growths on the ears of rabbits after continued application of tar. This important observation at once raised the question as to the nature of the component or components in tar which were responsible for its carcinogenicity. The English workers, Kennaway, Cook and their associates, attacking the problem with this question in mind, finally succeeded in isolating 3,4-Benzpyrene which is now recognized as the …  Lire la suite

Baudelaire a imposé une nouvelle conception de la poésie à la littérature française. L’histoire de l’évolution de sa réputation devant la critique est en quelque sorte l’histoire du triomphe de sa doctrine. Quelles furent ses idées sur la poésie? Il conviendrait de s’en faire une idée exacte avant d’entreprendre un examen de l’opinion critique. Nous pouvons diviser ces idées en deux catégories: (a) ce que Baudelaire a écrit de la poésie en générale, et (b) ce qu’il a écrit des Fleurs du Mal en particulier. [...]  Lire la suite

Beneficiation of iron ore is the term applied to the many processes or combination of processes by which the ore is made more adaptable for smelting in the iron blast-furnace. Iron ore beneficiation methods are largely determined by the nature of iron ores as well as by the blast-furnace requirements. In modern blast-furnace practice the structure of the ore and the chemical composition are both of importance. Certainly, the higher the iron content and the lower the silica, phosphorus and sulphur, the more desirable the ore becomes, but if its structure is bad, that is, if the blast-furnace gases penetrate …  Lire la suite

Statistics published by the Dominion Department of Agriculture of Canada show that about 20% of the Canadian pig crop dies every year. This mortality is due to several causes -- bacterial, virus, parasitic, nutritional diseases and bad management. Diseases due to virus and bacterial infections are comparatively few and the means for their control are not lacking. However, there are disease problems of a more complex nature; these include parasitic as well as nutritional diseases. This has been previously pointed out by Watson. It is widely believed that intestinal parasites play an important role in diseases of swine. The intestinal …  Lire la suite

In experiments conducted to determine the agreement between the Burrell and Ebright chemical method and the “increase in weight” biological method of estimating the vitamin C content of dehydrated potato and fresh lemon juice, using crystalline ascorbic acid as a control, it was found that there was agreement only in the determination of the antiscorbutic principle in the lemon juice. The lack of agreement with potato may indicate an inaccurate chemical method or a secondary, growth promoting, factor present in potato. From the levels tested it was suggested that .375 mg. of crystalline ascorbic acid or its equivalent is a …  Lire la suite

Glucuronic acid is a hexose uronic acid, discovered by Wiedemann in 1876 in dog’s urine and later identified by Schmiedeberg in 1879. It is conjugated in vivo with various exogenous and endogenous substances and excreted entirely in this combined form. It does not represent the only conjugating mechanism nor even the most common conjugating mechanism, but special interest has been aroused in its metabolism with the recent finding that many of the sex hormones are excreted in conjugation with glucuronic acid.  Lire la suite

This thesis presents the subject matter of reports which the writer has submitted to the Advisory Committee of Industrial Chemists, to the National Research Council and more recently to the Chemical Warfare Establishment, Ottawa, between September 1940 and January 1942. Each problem has been selected by the National Research Council and supervised by the National Research Council Director at McGill University in the interests of the national war effort. Those problems in which the time factor has been of greatest importance have been studied in collaboration with other workers and due acknowledgement of their contribution has been made.  Lire la suite

Various compounds were investigated to determine their pro-knock activity, by adding them to the air stream of, or to the gasoline used in, an Ethyl Type 30-b Knock Rating Engine. The best compound tested was methyl dichloroarsine which required 3.8 parts per million parts of air by volume to cause a decrease of ten units in the octane rating of a leaded gasoline. [...] The dynamic sorption of amrnonia and of butane was studied using an apparatus which followed the sorption by weight as a function of time, and permitted the temperature rise and analysis of effluent gases over a …  Lire la suite

The effect of such factors as catalysis, temperature, feed rate and pressure (reduced) on the conversion of p-cymene into toluene in the vapor phase has been thoroughly investigated in order to determine the optimum conditions for a commercial process. A Canadian bentonite mined in Manitoba has been found to be one of the most active catalysts for this conversion. Existing methods of nitration of polyvinyl alcohol involving the use of fuming nitric acid alone or mixtures of fuming nitric acid and sulfuric acid have been modified to give products much improved in nitrogen con tent, color and yield. A new …  Lire la suite

A direct participation of the adrenal cortex in the hormonal regulation both of carbohydrate metabolism and of electrolyte and water metabolism has been the subject of vigorous debate for a number of years. There is now no doubt that adrenalectomy elicits widespread disturbances both in the carbohydrate and in the salt and water balance of the organism, but there is no agreement among the various investigators as to which of these two factors is primarily responsible for the changes which ultimately lead to the death of the animal deprived of its adrenals. These changes in two very different phases of …  Lire la suite

The biology of the tarnished plant bug is known to some extent, though there is apparently no literature on its morphology. The object of this paper is to give a brief discussion of the external morphology of the immature and adult stages and also to make a contribution to the study of the biology of this well-known polyhagous insect. The history of Lygus pratensis dates as early as 1746, when Linnaeus described it as Cimex griseus. A few years later, in 1758, the same author published the tenth edition of his “Systema Naturae” and described it as Cimex pratensis. The …  Lire la suite

The members of this family are in general of no economic importance in our region due to the fact that we do not find any injurious pests among them. On the other hand, many species are predaceous in habit, and therefore are beneficial. For this reason, we must draw attention to them in order to be able to identify these bugs and to use them in our fight against the injurious insects. [...]  Lire la suite

The synthesis of RDX, a powerful high explosive, was accomplished in 1940 at McGill by reaction of a mixture of paratormaldehyde, ammonium nitrate, and acetic anhydride. A study was made of the conditions affecting the yield of RDX from the reaction, and a new method of conducting it found which enabled the reaction to be controlled When run in large batches, and which increased the yield to 50%. No means of purification was found yielding a product melting above 200° (British Specifications) without involving a large loss of material. From a study of the consumption of reactants and thermal phenomena …  Lire la suite

[...] The recent Public Health report on Fundamental Cancer Research (1939) stressed the research objectives in the field of cancer. It was pointed out that there are two fundamental problems involved: One, the causal aspect of the cancer problem; the other the formal genesis - the the factors responsible for the nature of the cancer cells and their uncontrolled growth [...]. Thus, the fundamental problem of cancer is directly associated with an understanding of the processes of growth, the metabolism and functions of normal cells. It is with this broad aspect of the general cancer problem in mind that the …  Lire la suite

L'idée de l'histoire, la volonté de préserver le souvenir du passé, est au moins aussi vieille que la représentation plastique, mais elle n'a jamais montré un développement suivi. Les grands progrès que l'histoire avait faits pendant la période classique, furent tous perdus dans le débacle de l'empire romain, et les annales monastiques qui suffisaient au Moyen Age, accusent un niveau intellectuel assez modeste. Pendant la Renaissance l'histoire, imitée des modèles classiques, renaquit avec les autres sciences, et des érudits rétablirent la pureté des textes et inventèrent des méthodes nouvelles de vérification. La présentation de l'histoire resta celle du simple récit. …  Lire la suite

The experimental research described in this thesis was undertaken by the writer to determine the efficiency of corduroy blanket and flotation concentration processes, followed by amalgamation of the two concentrates, in an attempt to develop a suitable method for recovering the gold in Lake Rowan ore. The work was carried on under the direction of Professor J. W. Bell of the Department of Mining and Metallurgy, McGill University. Acknowledgment is also made of assistance rendered by Professor G. Sproule and Mr. D. O'Shaughnessy. [...]  Lire la suite

Results are reported of investigations made on celery grown in sand cultures and fed nutrient solutionsmade up of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in various combinations. The experiment was of a 3 x 3 x 3 design. Medium applications of nitrogen when the plants were six inches and half grown produced increased yields. Low applications on plants approaching maturity gave good results. High phosphorus applications on six-inch and approaching maturity plants produced increased celery yields and helped to check pithiness in the plants approaching maturity. For six-inch and hal~ grown plants, a medium level of potash gave increased yields and for …  Lire la suite

This study is an attempt to use the method of historical analysis to answer the question: "Is Government intervention in the economic sphere to become a permanent feature of our everyday life or will it be only a bridge which is going to lead us to a better and more harmonious economy in a free world?" The thesis consists of four parts: Part I deals with the general aspects of the problem. The views of twelve economists are analyzed and the principles underlying the problem methodically examined. The period of transition from feudal to capitalist economy, the growth of the …  Lire la suite

Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, historian, traveller, archaeologist, author, and king-maker, lives today in the memory of the people of Iraq who are fighting to preserve that independence as a nation which she helped them to achieve. [...] In this thesis I shall discuss Gertrude Bell as a literary artist and show why her writings on the Middle East provide for the average reader an excellent introduction to that little known region. [...]  Lire la suite

A great deal of literature has been published in recent years concerning vocational selection for industry. We shall by no means give a complete account of what has been done in the field, but shall restrict our self to a review of the more important contributions. A first part of this chapter will summarize the background of vocational selection in general, while we shall present in the second part a discussion of the study of unemployed people. A note will finally be added concerning the validity of tests as indicated by statistical constants. [...]  Lire la suite

The purpose of this historical review is essentially to record the results of experimental investigations into the effect of addition agents on the electrodeposition of metals, particularly the effect of gelatine on the deposition of copper from acid copper sulphate solutions, since it is with this type of system that the majority of the recorded work has been concerned. The survey covers a period of approximately 40 years, during which time a large body or data has been accumulated and numerous theories advanced, both involving many contradictions.[...]  Lire la suite

The increasing importance of the tomato crop, both domestic and imported, has led to a greater appreciation of the need to combat, and eliminate, if possible, the diseases which are responsible for great losses in the field and in the stored and transported crop. The all-year-round demand for tomatoes for salad purposes necessitates the importation of these perishable fruits from distant southern regions to supply the winter market. This involves a considerable lapse of time between the harvesting of the fruit and its delivery to the consumer. [...]  Lire la suite

A study of the effect of various compounds on the oxidation of butane was proposed to see if any correlation could be found between the thermal behavior of such reactions and the effect of the same compounds when added to fuel used in an octane rating engine. Fuels for internal combustion engines differ markedly in the way in which they burn within the cylinder. Some burn in such a manner that the engine operates smoothly; others cause what is generally known as knocking. Although a great amount of work has been done investigating this matter and many theories proposed, the …  Lire la suite

The occupational distribution and adjustment of the Jewish group in Montreal, as in other metropolitan cities of Western society, are functions of their subordinate status as an ethnic minority. Their occupational pattern is marginal to that of the French and English groups and is characterized by self-sufficiency. Selection of Jews to the fee-earning professions is related to their limited opportunities in the occupational structure and to their cultural background. The occupational adjustment of the Jewish doctor is conceived in terms of his adjustment to the roles arising out of the groups of which he is a part. Hie ethnic identification …  Lire la suite

The scope of economic science in dealing with existing measures of economic policy is confined to judgements, on economic grounds, of how completely and efficiently the measures attain their postulated ends. From this viewpoint, the Canadian Unemployment Insurance Act, 1940, is studied by analogy to similar Acts which exist (or have existed) in Great Britain, Germany, and the United states of America. The ends it desires to attain are carefully deduced from the provisions of the Act, and analysis and analogy, from both the short- and long-run points of view, show how far the Act will be likely to fulfill …  Lire la suite

Rickets is a condition made manifest by defects in the calcification of growing bones. The changes in the bones result in outward symptoms which may be recognized clinically, such as, enlargement of the wrists, knees and ankles, bowed legs, and the rachitic rosary. In normal growth of bone, there appears, on the diaphysial side of the narrow cartilage, a continuous layer of empty cartilage cells forming an almost straight line. Growth of the bone is obtained by the degeneration of a new row of cartilage cells and ossification of the former row. In rickets, the degeneration of the cartilage cells …  Lire la suite

The tessellated darters of the genus Boleosoma were first described by Rafinesque who,in 1820,named the Johnny darter Etheostoma nigrum. The type specimen was from the Green River of Kentucky. The species was transferred to the new genus Boleosoma by De Kay in 1842,and thus became Boleosoma nigrum. This and related genera have been grouped together by some taxonomists into the family Etheostomidae,though they are now usually included with other perch-like fishes in the family Percidae. The Johnny darter belongs to a group of fish which is apparently prone to speciation. A glance at the taxonomic history of the darters will …  Lire la suite

PART A The mercury photosensitized decomposition of n-butane was investigated at 100, 175 and 250°C. Hydrogen, octanes and dodecanes were the main products found. The mechanism of the reaction was concluded to be a C-H bond split followed by radical combination reactions. PART B The reactions of N, N1-di-β-chloroethyl)-methyl amine (”S”) In absolute methanol were investigated at 0, 25, and 41.5°C by following the rate at which it disappeared and the rate at which chloride and hydrogen ions formed. Analytical methods used were shown to be valid. It was concluded that the principal reaction involved is dimerization by a unimolecular …  Lire la suite

Huskins, C. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

For many years after the death of Henry Fielding, the magnificent achievements of the man as a novelist eclipsed his dramatic works to such an extent that his plays were either totally ignored by critics or summarily dismissed as the worthless scribblings of an indigent hack. Arthur Murphy, Fielding's first official biographer, insisted that: "When he had contracted to bring on a play, or a farce, it is well known by many of his friends now living, that he would go home rather late from a tavern, and would, the next morning, deliver a scene to the players written upon …  Lire la suite

Recently there has developed an increasing realization of the value of intavenous protein as a replacement therapy in the acute plasma loss (M. R. C. 1940) of haemorrhage, (Strumia, Wagner and Monoghan 1940), burns, (Wakeley 1941, Black 1940, Elkington, Wolff and Lee 1940) and crushing injuries, (Trueta 1940), and in the more chronic deficiencies accompanying sepsis and nutritive disturbances. As a result, the demand for human plasma has become greater than the supply. The great value of protein feeding in the overcoming of infection, the protection it affords against liver damage, (Radvin 1940) and the relation of plasma protein level …  Lire la suite

Recent reviews on the structure of lignin by von Wacek (1), Fraidenberg (2), Erdtman (3) and Hibbert (4) have emphasized the essentially aromatic character of lignin and its relationship to coniferyl types. During the period 1897 (5) to 1936 (6), Klason's original "coniferyl-oxyconiferyl alcohol hypothesis", in which polymers of coniferyl alcohol, coniferyl aldehyde, guaicol aldol, etc. were included, underwent various modifications. [...]  Lire la suite

That wartime prices are high prices is clearly revealed in Chart I of Wholesale Prices in the United States through Five Wars, 1800 - 1941. Indeed one is tempted to draw the purely empirical conclusion that the more intense and widespread, the longer a war lasts, the greater are bound to be price movements. [...]  Lire la suite

Dans une piece moderne, l'intrigue est basée sur la force mystérieuse et irresistible qui joint les coeurs de deux personnes, vivant à des époques différentes, mais dont la grandeur de l'amour anéantit le Temps. Nous entreprenons ici une tâche analogue: l'étude de deux prédicateurs, qui vivaient à des époques différentes, qui se trouvaient en face de problèmes différents, qui essayèrent de les résoudre par des moyens différents, et qui pourtant se réunirent dans une devotion commune et dans une commune loyauté au même Sauveur. Pref, l'étude de deux hommes, mais d'"une seule chose". [...]  Lire la suite

Knowledge of Cosmic Rays dates back to the early days of research in radioactivity. As in all fields of research the collection of accurate information about Cosmic Rays has been slow. This has been due, especially in the earlier period, to the lack of apparatus capable of obtaining the necessary data, and as the field of Nuclear Physics was new, no adequate theories had been developed. Within the past two decades, two valuable pieces of apparatus have been developed for the experimental study of Cosmic Rays. These instruments are the coincidence counter circuits employing Geiger-Muller (G.M.) counters and the counter …  Lire la suite

The Stark effect in lead and tin has been investigated over the region 3200 - 2600 A. using a modified Lo Surdo source. In lead, five lines of the normal spectrum have been photographed. No measurable displacement was observed on any of these lines in an electric field of 85 Kv. per cm. In tin, seven lines in this region have been photographed and in an electric field of 80 Kv. per cm., no displacements were observed. The technique in the Lo Surdo method of investigating Stark effect in metals of low melting point has been improved by the design …  Lire la suite

A method for the preparation of calcium arsenate is given with a view to reducing it to the arsenide, this to be used in the formation of arsine. The analysis includes moisture, carbonate, chloride, arsenic and calcium. The second section of the thesis deals with an electrolytic preparation of arsine. A literature survey shows previous work along this line but only on very small amounts of arsenic. This paper deals with various types of cells using an aluminum cathode and a saturated solution of arsenic trioxide as the electrolyte. In the third section a literature survey is given on the …  Lire la suite

In this thesis are noted the opinions about the United States expressed by contemporary French writers during the two decades between World War I and II. Necessarily, in a study of limited length it was requisite to choose certain aspects. Thus leaving aside the economic and political, so frequently treated to the exclusion of all other phases, the position of the woman and man in American society is studied. Then follows the consideration of the family life, religious life, intellectual and artistic life of this period, which serve as both the framework and the raison d'etre of the American man …  Lire la suite

1. A method, for the isolation of vanilloyl and syringoylmethyl ketones as pure crystalline compounds from the bisulfite-soluble fraction of the maple-wood-ethanolysia oils, hasbeen developed.2. The presence of vanillin and syringaldehyde in the bisulfiteaolublefraction of the maple-wood-ethanolysis oils has beenconfir.med by isolation of the two aldehydes as free compounds.3. TWo new compounds, namely, (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-propanone-2 and (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanone-2, havebeen isolated from the bisulfite-soluble fraction of the maplewood-ethanolysis oils, and identified by direct syntheses.4. Some properties of the diketones and of the new compoundshave been determined.  Lire la suite

The present work is an application of Tamm's method of extraction for the study of sail profiles. O. Tamm in 1922, studied the movement of iron, aluminum and silica in the soil, by making extracts of each horizon of the profile with an aqueous solution of a mixture of ammonium oxalate and oxalic acid. [...]  Lire la suite

Speckled leaf blotch of oats is caused by an imperfect fungus, Septoria avenae Frank. The perfect form, Leptosphaeria avenaria Weber, is an ascomycete rarely found in nature and consequently of secondary importance. The disease has received different names as "Speckled leaf blotch", "Septoria leaf spot" and "Leptosphaeria leaf spot". In France "nuile" is the most common name. In 1941, the Quebec Society for the Protection of Plants named it "tache septorienne des feuilles". The english common name "speckled leaf blotch" has been assigned to it by the Common Names Committee of the Canadian Phytopathological Society. The latter name was used …  Lire la suite