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2025 — Refugee Mothers’ Experiences of Emotion Work and Coping: An Intersectional FrameworkRésumé
Approximately 70,000 Syrian refugees were resettled in Canada by 2021 (Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada, 2022). Syrian refugee families in Canada struggle with sociocultural adaptation (Oudshoorn et al., 2020; Stewart et al., 2019). The first study in this dissertation explores the challenges in adaptation Syrian refugee families face in Montréal, Québec. Through a thematic analysis, the themes “Educational challenges” in terms of communication barriers and racism, “Adult adaptation”, and “Emotional exhaustion” emerged from the semi-structured interviews. Eight refugee mothers, between 30 and 36 years old, participated. They shared their experiences vis-à-vis their additional emotion work in the household, their emotional … Lire la suite
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2018 — A family-based intervention for newly-resettled Syrian refugee childrenRésumé
Le conflit Syrien est l'une des plus grandes crises humanitaires de notre temps. Alors que plus de 5 millions d'individus ont été relocalisé à travers le monde, le gouvernement Canadien a accueilli plus de quarante mille réfugiés Syriens. En effet, les enfants réfugiés sont à un haut risque de développer des problèmes de santé mentale car ils sont exposés à divers facteurs de stress causés par l'instabilité du conflit et du processus de relocalisation. Donc, la santé mentale est une préoccupation primordiale chez les réfugiés nouvellement relocalisés. Conséquemment, il est crucial d'intervenir promptement dans les pays d'accueil, afin de promouvoir … Lire la suite
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2000 — Synaptic clustering and strenghening by directed and activity-enhanced multiple-neurite convergenceRésumé
Neuronal networks are specified by unique wiring patterns, however, it is not clear how these patterns are encoded into topographic maps of synaptic connections. We found networks in vitro and in vivo , where multiple-neurites converge and intersect at single sites non-randomly. At these sites, the density and activity of axonal terminals increased exponentially with the number of converging neurites. Multiple-neurite intersections were formed by a directed growth of neurites toward neurite intersections, they facilitated target switching by axons, and their frequency was elevated by activity through NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. Thus, clustering and strengthening of synaptic connections by … Lire la suite
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2018 — Studies on the role of menin in bone development and maintenance «in-vivo»Résumé
Mutations in the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene cause the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 disorder. Menin, the MEN1 gene product, is expressed in many tissues, including osteoblasts, where its normal function remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the role of menin at early stages of the osteoblast lineage through conditional knockout of the Men1 gene in mice using the Cre-LoxP recombination system: Prx1-Cre; Men1f/f, Osx-Cre; Men1f/f and OC-Cre; Men1f/f represent the deletion of menin in the mesenchymal stem cell, osteoblast progenitor, and mature osteoblast, respectively. Skeletal phenotyping performed at 6 months demonstrated significantly reduced BMD and femur length in the … Lire la suite
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2020 — Discrete element modeling and optimization of biological and bioinspired materialsRésumé
Les matériaux biologiques durs tels que les coquillages, les os et les dents possèdent une combinaison inhabituelle de solidité, rigidité et ténacité bien que faits de faibles constituants. Jusqu’à présent, de telles performances n’ont pas été reproduites par les matériaux d’ingénierie les plus modernes. Derrière ces performances se trouve l’arrangement unique de blocs de construction rigides collés avec des interfaces faibles qui constituent la microstructure. Ces architectures précises génèrent des déformations non linéaires et concentrent les fractures dans d’efficaces configurations de blocage. Ainsi, la question de comment arranger des blocs de construction cassants avec des interfaces polymériques pour produire des … Lire la suite
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2019 — Jabal Āmil: The production of space in an Islamicate context from the birth of Islam to the nineteenth centuryRésumé
Where is Jabal ʿĀmil? What is Jabal ʿĀmil? Though today Jabal ʿĀmil is widely considered to be the folk name for what is now called "South Lebanon," this dissertation answers these questions by examining the history of the idea of Jabal ʿĀmil as an instance of the production of space in an Islamicate context. To examine how Jabal ʿĀmil was produced as a space by various authors operating within and outside of a self-identifying ʿĀmilī-Shiʿi historiography, the period under consideration spans the dawn of Islam through to the nineteenth century. This analysis begins by looking at the first associations of … Lire la suite
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2016 — Demand response as a power system resourceRésumé
The vision of demand-side participation in power system operation and control is on the verge of realization as advanced metering infrastructure, embedded control systems, and advanced communication technologies are becoming ubiquitous in the power industry. In chorus, the rapid integration of intermittent and non-dispatchable renewable energy resources with energy security and environmental objectives underscores the significance of demand response as an important ingredient of the future smart grid paradigm.This dissertation proposes a methodology to characterize and control the achievable demand response from a population of thermostatically-control loads (TCLs) for the provision of contingency-type reserve/ramping products. First, the uncertainty associated with … Lire la suite
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2019 — Clinical and financial implications of robotically-assisted surgeryRésumé
The use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in gynecologic oncology has been limited despite an exponential growth in some other specialties. Technological advances in the field of robotics may facilitate the application of MIS, thereby allowing more patients to benefit from the less invasive procedure. Despite the rising popularity of robotic surgery, questions remain as to its clinical and cost-effectiveness, contributing to resistance to changes in clinical practice and thus impeding its growth.The objective of the current thesis was to evaluate the clinical and financial outcomes, from the perspective of patients and of the hospital, following the introduction of a … Lire la suite
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2011 — Preparation and characterization of cellulose-based nanomaterialsRésumé
The interest in cellulose for the purposes of nanocomposite engineering lies in its natural abundance and renewable nature, but also in the truly impressive range of diverse properties which can be accessed from the raw resource. In cellulosic nanocomposite materials, the cellulose component may provide the polymeric matrix for nanoparticles and/or the nanometer-scale constituent. This dissertation presents unique cellulose-based nanocomposites and examines the properties of these materials. Fluorescent cellulose triacetate films are obtained by solvent casting suspensions of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in polymer solution. The films possess properties characteristic to each distinct component: for instance, the optical absorbance and fluorescence … Lire la suite
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2000 — Shifting cultivation and fallowing practices in a "land-abundant" ejido : an intra-community study of Nuevo Becal, Campeche, MexicoRésumé
Shifting cultivation is considered to be a key cause of deforestation in the tropics as agriculturalists transform the rain forest into cropland and later allow for its regeneration through fallowing. Forest fallows strongly influence the ecological and economic potential of shifting cultivation, yet, secondary forest management among shifting cultivators remains poorly understood. This study focuses on secondary forest management among peasant households in a land-abundant ejido, near the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve of Mexico. Data were gathered through in-depth household interviews and field visits with 44 households, accounting for more than 450 fields. Striking differences were found in fallowing practices in … Lire la suite
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2007 — Floodplain dynamics and traditional livelihoods in the upper Amazon : a study along the central Ucayali River, PeruRésumé
Les populations pauvres des regions rurales des pays en développement sontconsidérées comme étant particulièrement vulnérables. Les recherches passées ontdémontré que les membres de ces populations tendent à vivre dans des environnements àrisques et font face à de plus grands défis parce qu'exclus du filet de sécurité socialeformel et parce que possédant comparativement moins de biens mobiliers et immobiliers.Aujourd'hui, de beaucoup s'inquiètent de la contribution de ces risques, en particulier desriques environnementaux, à perpétuer la pauvreté et du danger qu'ils posent pour lemaintient des modes de vie. Malgré ces inquiétudes, notre compéhension desimplications des risques environnementaux pour les modes de vie … Lire la suite
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2025 — Three Essays in Labor EconomicsRésumé
Cette thèse explore les principaux mécanismes à l’origine des inégalités de revenus à travers trois essais autonomes en économie du travail. Chaque chapitre traite d’une source distincte d’hétérogénéité dans les résultats salariaux — la fixation des salaires au niveau de l’entreprise, l’apprentissage des employeurs et le signalement sur le marché du travail, ainsi que l’allocation professionnelle — en utilisant des données administratives et d’enquêtes à grande échelle provenant du Canada et des États-Unis.Le premier essai examine comment les variations des primes salariales spécifiques aux entreprises contribuent aux inégalités de revenus entre les sexes. En utilisant des données appariées employeurs-employés du … Lire la suite
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2018 — Investigating the dynamic interaction between the Hepatitis C virus helicase and its nucleic acid substrateRésumé
Gotte, Matthias (Supervisor1) Lire la suite
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1998 — Financial flows, macroeconomic policy and the agricultural sector in Sub-Saharan AfricaRésumé
Gunjal, Kisan (Supervisor) Lire la suite
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2001 — Debt financing : an emerging influence on corporate governanceRésumé
The business corporation is an important engine for the creation of wealth and it plays a vital role in promoting economic development and social progress in both domestic and international economies. Hence companies must operate within a governance framework that keeps them focused on their objectives and accountable for their actions. There is the need to establish adequate and credible governance arrangements. The degree of observance to the basic principles of good corporate governance is an important factor for investment decisions. Traditional corporate doctrine has taken the separation of ownership from control as the core problem of corporate governance. On … Lire la suite
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2025 — A new dysbacteriosis and subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge model in broiler chickens using high dietary NSP and iron levelsRésumé
La nécrose entérite subclinique (NES) et la dysbactériose, une perturbation du microbiote intestinal, représentent des défis majeurs dans l’industrie avicole, entraînant une prise de poids réduite, des ratios de conversion alimentaire médiocres et une mortalité accrue sans symptômes apparents. Cette étude visait à examiner les facteurs contribuant au développement de ces conditions, ainsi que leurs effets sur les performances, la réponse immunitaire intestinale et les populations microbiennes chez les poulets de chair. Nous avons utilisé un modèle de provocation novateur incorporant des polysaccharides non amylacés (PNA) élevés, du sulfate de dextrane de sodium (DSS) et des niveaux de fer variables … Lire la suite
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2023 — Techno-functional, thermal and rheological properties of pea protein productsRésumé
Pea protein products, which are popular due to their nutritional and functional properties, were the focus of this study. The study aimed to investigate the techno-functional, thermal, and rheological properties of pea protein products from different varieties of peas and predict these properties using a machine learning artificial neural network algorithm. The effect of the pea protein product's composition on these properties was evaluated, and data analysis was performed using Pareto charts, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The study found that the techno-functional properties of the pea protein products, water absorption capacity, water solubility index, water absorption index, oil … Lire la suite
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2018 — Authentic video materials and potentially controversial content in an ESL context: teachers' perceptions and practicesRésumé
Ballinger, Susan Gail (Internal/Supervisor) Lire la suite
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2013 — Attitude dynamics and control of satellites with fluid ring actuatorsRésumé
La réussite d'une mission d'un satellite dépend du maintien d'une orientation fixe par rapport à la Terre. Toutefois, les angles d'attitude d'un satellite changent en raison d'excitations diverses. Un modèle dynamique est utile pour prédire l'attitude du satellite le développement un contrôleur pour stabiliser l'attitude est également importantes. Un nouvel actionneur pour le contrôle de l'attitude est proposé dans cette thèse. L'actionneur fluidique produit un couple élevé par rapport à la masse. L'actionneur en question se compose d'un anneau rempli par un fluide. L'écoulement de ce fluide est régulé par une pompe. Le couple de commande est produit par la … Lire la suite
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2026 — Investigating the role of Histone H3.3 mutations (H3-3A A29T and H3-3B A29P) in neurodevelopmentRésumé
Des maladies du développement neurologique au cancer, l’épigénétique s’est imposée comme un facteur déterminant. La méthylation de l'ADN et les modifications post-traductionnelles des histones sont les pierres angulaires de la régulation épigénétique, avec un impact direct sur l’expression génique. Dans le champ du neurodéveloppement, l’histone H3.3 s’avère particulièrement cruciale. En effet, les acides aminés situés dans l’extrémité N-terminale de H3.3 constituent les sites de modifications post-traductionnelles majeures qui régulent l’architecture de la chromatine et la transcription. Des substitutions faux-sens, telles que K27M, peuvent reconfigurer le signal épigénétique et perturber la dynamique des nucléosomes et modifier profondément l'expression génique. Chez l’humain, … Lire la suite
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2018 — Between struggle and hope: Understanding the oral care experiences of children living with Autism spectrum disorder(ASD); A parent’s perspectiveRésumé
Bedos, Christophe (Internal/Cosupervisor2) Lire la suite
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2025 — Designing tailored nanocarriers for delivering ribonucleic acid interference-based therapeutics: Advancing targeted cancer gene therapyRésumé
La détection précoce du cancer ainsi que l’administration des thérapies antinéoplastiques demeurent impératives puisque le cancer ne cesse d’être la cause principale de mortilité dans le monde. Le processus d’interférence par ARN est l’un des piliers les plus innovants de la thérapie génique, par lequel les microARN (miARN) et les petits ARN interférents (pARNi) ciblent et provoquent la dégradation de l’ARN messager (ARNm) engendrant une répression de la traduction des oncogènes. Le défi principal lié à l'application efficace de ces méthodes thérapeutiques pour traiter divers maladies réside dans la nécessité de surmonter les barrières intracellulaires et extracellulaires associées à leur … Lire la suite
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2018 — Studies on modified C- and G-rich oligonucleotides - towards investigating the role of i-motif structures in telomere biologyRésumé
This thesis focuses primarily on studying DNA sequences with tandem G-rich and C-rich repeats that fold into G-quadruplex (G4) and i-motif structures, respectively. While G4 structures likely play a role in transcriptional regulation and telomere maintenance, much less is known about the role of i-motif structures in biological processes, especially in telomere biology. Our ability to chemically synthesize and stabilize both of these structures provides an opportunity to correlate structural and functional information of transient arrangements of G4 and i-motifs under physiological conditions. In this work, we show that replacing 2'-deoxycytidine (dC) with 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-arabinocytidine (2'F-araC) leads to significant stabilization of … Lire la suite
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2013 — Linear oscillatory dynamics of flexoelectric membranes embedded in viscoelastic media with applications to outer hair cellsRésumé
Membrane flexoelectricity is an electromechanical coupling effect between the membrane average curvature and macroscopic electric polarization. Flexolelectricity is a biological actuation mechanism involved in the functioning of hearing. This thesis uses theory and simulation to develop a fundamental understanding of flexolectricity of relevance to hearing processes by integrating membrane elasticity and flexolectricity with viscoelastic processes. Flexoelectric actuation uses an imposed electric field to create membrane bending. In this thesis we model the small amplitude oscillatory dynamics of a membrane immersed in viscoelastic media driven by a small amplitude harmonic electric field. The model is based on the integration of the … Lire la suite
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2023 — Continuous Assessment of Instrument Tracking in an Ex Vivo Calf Brain Epilepsy Simulation ModelRésumé
Background: In epilepsy surgery, subpial corticectomy is a critical bimanual task necessary for trainees to master. This task involves complete lesion resection while preserving pial membranes and avoiding injury to adjacent normal tissues. We sought to develop an ex vivo calf brain epilepsy simulation model that enables the assessment of continuous surgical instrument movement during simulated corticectomy and carried out a pilot study involving neurosurgical trainees to gain insights on the utility of this epilepsy training platform. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to 1) develop an ex vivo calf brain epilepsy model for assessing and training of the … Lire la suite
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2017 — Surgical management of ulcerative colitis in the era of biologics: trends and risk factorsRésumé
Boutros, Marylise (Internal/Cosupervisor2) Lire la suite
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2023 — Fulminant Clostridioides difficile colitis: evolution of surgery and outcomes in the modern eraRésumé
Feldman, Liane S (Supervisor2) Lire la suite
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2006 — Modeling phosphorus transport in soil and waterRésumé
The main objective of this project was to investigate and model phosphorus (P) transport in soil column studies. A model named HYDRUS-NICA was developed, by coupling a hydrological and transport model (HYDRUS-1D model) with an aqueous chemical model (non-ideal competitive adsorption - NICA), to improve the predictions of P transport in soil and water. The HYDRUS-NICA model was developed by replacing the non-linear empirical (Freundlich and Langmuir) equations of the HYDRUS-1D model with the NICA model equations. The numerical accuracy of the HYDRUS-NICA model was then evaluated by comparing the relative errors produced by the HYDRUS-NICA and HYDRUS-1D models. The … Lire la suite
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2022 — COPD and heart failure comorbidity from patients to mechanismsRésumé
Introduction:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Chronic Heart failure (CHF) are prevalent chronic conditions. More patients with COPD and CHF have preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF) compared to CHF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Cigarette smoking, the most important risk factor of COPD, induces systemic inflammation and could lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that patients with COPD and CHF will differ in lung structure, severity of airflow obstruction and blood biomarkers and that cigarette smoke affects the activation of lung cells. The main objectives of the thesis were 1) to determine the prevalence of co-morbid CHF in COPD … Lire la suite
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2020 — Cellular stress responses elicited by gold nanourchins in mammalian cellsRésumé
Cancer is a worldwide problem with poor treatment options that lead to difficulties such as drug resistance and organ failure. Therefore, more specific methods of treatment are required for maximum efficacy and minimal side effects. Gold nanoparticles have excellent potential for theranostic applications because they can be engineered to target cancer cells and perform specific functions. To date, their impact on living cells is only partially understood. Different studies have shown how gold nanoparticles affect nuclei, mitochondria and the cytoskeleton; however, little is known about their effect on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the unfolded protein response (UPR). This information … Lire la suite
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2009 — Multi-rate predictive control scheme for a robotic eye/head system integrating visual and self-motion cuesRésumé
Chez les primates, le réflexe oculovestibulaire (ROV) sert à stabiliser le regard durant les perturbations de la tête. Aussi, les circuits cérébrals internes qui contrôllent les mouvements des yeux opèrent avec des délais beaucoup plus courts que les délais dans les régions de traitement visuels (~2 ms vs. 150 ms). En se basant sur ces faits biologiques, nous présentons un contrôleur de regard biomimétic, unifié, et multi-rate, intégrant les mécanismes du ROV et poursuite (pursuit et saccade) pour un système robotique d’une tête surmontée par deux caméras. Le contrôleur change automatiquement les paramètres dans les circuits prémoteurs partagés affin d’altérner … Lire la suite
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2015 — High-order time-domain steady-state simulation for radio frequency applicationsRésumé
La simulation en régime permanent est une étape cruciale de la conception de circuits à radio-fréquences. Parmi les méthodes couramment utilisées pour la simulation en régime permanent, on retrouve notamment la méthode d'équilibre harmonique dans le domaine fréquentiel et les méthodes de shooting dans le domaine temporel. Chacune de ces méthodes comporte des lacunes. La méthode d'équilibre harmonique peut demander une forte puissance de calcul à cause du grand nombre d'inconnus dans le système, tandis que les méthodes de shooting sont également complexes dû à la nécessité de calculer la matrice de sensitivité. Ce mémoire porte sur la réduction du … Lire la suite
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2026 — The identification of imaging biomarkers sensitive to white matter tissue abnormalities and brain damage after mTBI, and their link to PCSRésumé
Rajeet Singh Saluja (Supervisor2) Lire la suite
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2024 — Code of Conduct to Law: Islam, Nationalism, and Laicité in QuebecRésumé
Cette thèse explore la façon dont l’islam a été utilisé comme antagonique au nationalisme québécois dans six documents publics clés produits entre 2007 et 2019. Dans cette étude, j’examine et j’analyse la façon dont les symboles de l’islam, en particulier ceux liés aux femmes musulmanes, sont utilisés dans ces documents postulant qu’ils sont instrumentalisés dans un récit qui dépeint l’islam comme l’antagoniste dans un récit où le nationalisme québécois est le protagoniste et le sauveur. Plus précisément, j’analyse les déclarations d’Hérouxville (2007) ; le rapport de la Commission Bouchard-Taylor (2008) ; le projet de loi 94, Loi établissant les balises … Lire la suite
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2012 — Metric learning revisited: new approaches for supervised and unsupervised metric learning with analysis and algorithmsRésumé
In machine learning one is usually given a data set of real high dimensional vectors X, based on which it is desired to select a hypothesis θ from the space of hypotheses Θ using a learning algorithm. An immediate assumption that is usually imposed on X is that it is a subset from the very general embedding space Rp which makes the Euclidean distance ∥•∥2 to become the default metric for the elements of X. Since various learning algorithms assume that the input space is Rp with its endowed metric ∥•∥2 as a (dis)similarity measure, it follows that selecting hypothesis … Lire la suite
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2001 — A kinematically compatible framework for collaboration of multiple non-holonomic wheeled mobile robots /Résumé
We examined the design, development and implementation of a modular system of multiple, wheeled mobile manipulators that can team up to cooperatively transport a large common object. Each individually autonomous mobile manipulator consists of a differentially driven wheeled mobile robot (WMR) with a passive, two-degree-of-freedom, planar revolute jointed arm mounted in the plane parallel to the base of the WMR. The composite multi-degree-of-freedom vehicle, formed by placing a common object on the end-effector of two such mobile manipulator systems, possesses the ability to change its relative configuration as well as accommodate relative positioning errors of the mobile bases. However, closed … Lire la suite
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2023 — Technologies targeting walking capacity and performance in people with gait vulnerabilities: time for a business modelRésumé
Morin, Suzanne (Supervisor2) Lire la suite
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1997 — Delay estimation for transform domain acoustical echo cancellationRésumé
Acoustic echo cancellation can be used to remove the annoying talker feedback in hands-free (teleconferencing) systems. In this thesis, we examine the DCT-LMS algorithm and we emphasize on the role played by the Discrete Cosine Transform. This fixed transformation reduces the eigenvalue spread of the input autocorrelation matrix by partially decorrelating the inputs. The autocorrelation matrix of speech signals is often rank-deficient. During the low rank phases, some of the transform-domain tap coefficients become irrelevant to the adaptation process and stop adapting. When the autocorrelation matrix gains full rank, there will be no longer any "frozen" weights. However, the weights … Lire la suite
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2019 — Oblique drop impacts on superhydrophobic surfacesRésumé
Dans cette thèse, l'impact de gouttes d'eau est étudié, avec un focus sur les impacts obliques sur les surfaces superhydrophobes (SHP). Les résultats sont pertinents pour des travaux avec les microfluidiques, les ailes d'avion anti-glace et les hélices de turbine. Dans des études précédentes sur les impacts obliques de gouttes, l'impact sur un seul type de surface à des vitesses plus petites que 3 m/s et avec un intervalle restreint d'angles d'impact obliques a été étudié. Par conséquent, la portée de recherche a été élargie dans le but d'établir une plus grande compréhension des résultats possibles. Les experiences d'impact de … Lire la suite
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2018 — Modulation of protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum as a mechanism-based Therapy for glomerular diseaseRésumé
Les podocytes sont des cellules terminalement différenciées et sont la cible de lésions dans diverses maladies glomérulaires. Des stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques visant à améliorer la santé et le bon fonctionnement du podocyte peuvent représenter une voie prometteuse pour résoudre les maladies rénales chroniques. Le stress du réticulum endoplasmique (RE) est impliqué dans la pathogénèse de plusieurs maladies glomérulaires. ERdj3 (DNAJB11) et MANF (mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor) sont des chaperons du RE dépourvus du motif KDEL, et peuvent donc être sécrétés extracellulairement. Le stress du RE dans les podocytes endommagés peut mener à une accumulation de chaperons KDEL-déficients dans l’urine. … Lire la suite
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2019 — Use of technology in Canadian occupational therapists' practices with older adults: A nationwide surveyRésumé
Nathalie Bier (Internal/Cosupervisor2) Lire la suite
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1991 — Modeling, simulation and control of rotary blasthole drillsRésumé
Few rotary blasthole drills presently used in open pit mines are equipped with automatic control systems. Those drilling control systems which do exist are based mainly on ladder programming techniques. This thesis is an investigation into a closed loop feedback control approach for drilling control. A model for the plant consisting of the machine's actuators and the drilling process at the bit-rock interface is described based on physical assumptions and past research in this area. The model equations are further refined by experimental (field) testing. The instrumentation of a TAMROCK-DRILTECH D75K drill rig and the subsequent drilling tests aimed at … Lire la suite
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1997 — Feedback control of vibrations in surface rotary blasthole drillingRésumé
Peck, Jonathan (Supervisor) Lire la suite
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1997 — Analysis of growth rhythms and activity patterns of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, based on replicated time series and time-dependent transition probabilities.Résumé
L’analyse spectrale a été utilisée pour étudier les composantes périodiques des taux de croissance relatifs (en masse et en longueur) et de la consommation de nourriture journalière chez la truite mouchetée Salvelinus fontinalis, selon un plan expérimental en mesures répétées dans le temps. L’analyse du périodogramme multi-fréquentiel et la procédure pas à pas croissante qui l’accompagne ont révélé la présence de composantes infradiennes de 4 to 10 j dans les taux de croissance relatifs et de 6 to 19 j dans la consommation de nourriture journalière, qui expliquaient conjointement une large proportion (80 to 90%) de la variation totale. L’analyse … Lire la suite
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1995 — Improvement of acoustic models in automatic speech recognition systemsRésumé
This thesis explores the use of efficient acoustic modeling techniques to improve the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. The principal idea behind this study is that the pronunciation of a word is not only affected by the variability of the speaker and the environment, but largely by the words that precede and follow it. Hence, to accurately represent a language, one should model the sounds in context with other sounds. Furthermore, due to the large amount of models produced when every sound is represented in every context it can appear in, one needs to use a clustering technique … Lire la suite