McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par A

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is associated with atrophy and weakness of the diaphragm muscle, a condition termed ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). At the cellular level, VIDD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and augmented proteolysis in the diaphragm. Autophagy is a lysosomally-mediated proteolytic process that can be activated by oxidative stress, which has the potential to exacerbate VIDD. The major aims of this study were to: 1) determine whether MV modulates autophagic flux in the diaphragm, and 2) ascertain the impact of anti-oxidant therapy upon autophagy as well as the relationship of autophagy to MV-induced force loss in the diaphragm.Methods: …  Lire la suite

Zilic, Zeljko (Internal/Cosupervisor2)  Lire la suite

Hemmerling, Thomas (Internal/Cosupervisor2)  Lire la suite

Tribocorrosion is a term used to describe the material degradation due to the combination of electrochemical and tribological processes. Due to a synergetic effect, the material loss can be larger than the sum of the losses due to wear and corrosion acting separately. In this thesis, the synergy of wear and corrosion was investigated for different types of material, namely the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, the SS316L stainless steel coated with a thin film of Diamond Like Carbon (DLC), and the SS301 stainless steel coated with a thin film of chromium silicon nitride (CrSiN). A tribocorrosion apparatus was designed and constructed to …  Lire la suite

On the basis of this investigation we made the following observations: 1. The alveolar cell is the metabolically most active cell of the interalveolar septum but the Clara cell is the metabolically most active cell of the peripheral airway system. The Clara cell contains relatively large amounts of firmly bound choline-base phospholipids. The alveolar cell also contains choline-base phospholipids but these are present in a free or loosely-bound form. 2. The oxidative enzyme pattern is the same in serous and mucous cells of the tracheobronchial glands. Oncocytes in tracheobronchial glands show stronger enzymatic reactions than serous and mucous cells. 3. …  Lire la suite

IRF1 is a major mediator of anti-viral responses acting to amplify the effects of type I and type II interferons. Inborn errors of IFN-γ pathways (type II) lead to impaired immune function and cause Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Diseases (MSMD), a rare condition characterized by vulnerability to infection with virulent (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) or vaccine strains (M. bovis, BCG) of mycobacteria. Mice and rare human patients with loss of IRF1 have shown reduced expression of IFN-γ effector function of myeloid and lymphoid cells (number and function). The discrete role of IRF1 in anti-mycobacterial defenses expressed by myeloid cells was investigated using …  Lire la suite

The thesis aims at studying the growth and systematization of Shi'i usul al-fiqh in the fifth century, A.H. The attempt involves an analysis of the background against which this systematization developed and takes into account the two major works of the period, representing this systematization. The first is al-Dhari'ah of Sharif al-Murtada (d. 436/1044) and the second, 'Uddat al-Usul of Shaykh Abu Ja'far al-Tusi (d. 460/1067). The analysis of the books attempts to trace the pattern of development each writer has followed, the methodology of each and, ultimately, the basic principles each evolved as a basis for his usul al-fiqh. …  Lire la suite