McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par R

Since the introduction of electroconvulsive shock therapy into Psychiatric practice, extensive research has been carried out to discover any deleterious effects of the shock. Learning and retention have received particular attention. Although the majority of the studies report no decrement in learning and retention in the rat after a series of electroconvulsive shocks, a few studies do indicate some impairment of these functions. In view of the conflicting results reported, it was feit that a more sensitive instrument was needed; the ‘closed-field’ test (10) appeared to be such an instrument. Accordingly, the basic studies on the effects of electroconvulsive shock—that …  Lire la suite

This dissertation uses tune variants to study the shifting musical boundaries of traditional instrumental music in Quebec, and traces citations of the rural veillée—one of the key extra-musical contexts for the genre of folk, or traditional, music in the province—in literature, on stage, on the radio, and on television. It is particularly concerned with the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the institutionalization of folklore studies and the commercialization of recorded sound redefined folk music in many parts of North America, Quebec included. The emphasis in this dissertation on genre—understood as the processes of repetition and variation that shape …  Lire la suite

Que ce soit dans notre quotidien ou vie professionnelle, les systèmes d'IA sont de plus en plus intégrés à nos modes de communication, de création et de prise de décision, à différents niveaux d’autonomie.. Bien que ces technologies offrent un potentiel de transformation, elles introduisent également de nouveaux risques sociotechniques, représentant des enjeux de sûreté différents de ceux des domaines traditionnels critiques pour la sécurité. S'appuyant sur des connaissances issues de l'ingénierie de la sécurité, de l'interaction homme-machine et des études scientifiques et technologiques, cette thèse soutient que ces risques ne peuvent être pleinement compris ni atténués par les seules …  Lire la suite

Stroud, S. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Martin Luther's rhetoric of the demonic in his treatise Against the Heavenly Prophets in the Matter of Images and Sacraments (1525) expresses a soteriological argument regarding the necessary relation between the two realms of faith and works, which he reformulates as the proper relationship between justification and sanctification. Ultimately the lack of a such a hermeneutic of the two realms is what Luther sees as decisive in the theological argument of Andreas Bodenstein von Karlstadt and "the heavenly prophets" and the source of what renders them demonic. This demonic confusion between the two realms affects in turn their interpretations of …  Lire la suite

The chiroptical properties of isotropic solutions, cholesteric liquid crystals and solid films prepared from selected cellulose derivatives are investigated by optical rotary dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism (CD). Optical activity from intrinsic molecular dissymmetry, polymer conformation and cholesteric reflection properties are considered. The chiroptical properties of cholesteric liquid crystals are interpreted according to deVries' theory. Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases formed by (hydroxypropyl)cellulose in methanol display anomalously high optical rotation at low wavelengths. The anomalies disappear on the addition of a dipolar aprotic solvent, and are absent for the ethyl ether derivative of the polymer, indicating a chiral hydrogen bonded structure …  Lire la suite

Cancer metastasis causes 90% of all cancer-related deaths. Traditionally, metastasis is characterized as the ability of cancer cells to migrate away from a primary tumor, intravasate and invade tissues at a distant site. High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most aggressive form of ovarian cancer and is often diagnosed when metastasis has already occurred. HGSOC disseminates via a transcoelomic route in which cancer cells detach from the primary tumor, as multicellular aggregates, using the natural flow of peritoneal fluid to eventually adhere to distant organs in the peritoneal cavity. The antiprogestin mifepristone (MF) was first introduced in the …  Lire la suite

The behavior of Rossby waves on a shear flow in the presence of a nonlinear critical layer is studied, with particular emphasis on the role played by the critical layer in a Rossby wave resonance mechanism. Previous steady analyses are extended to the resonant case and it is found that the forced wave dominates the solution, provided the flow configuration is not resonant for the higher harmonics induced by the critical layer. Numerical simulations for the forced initial value problem show that the solution evolves towards the analysed steady state when conditions are resonant for the forced wave, and demonstrate …  Lire la suite

The dissertation documents the rise of African Christian theology in anglophone and francophone Africa, exploring the possibility that following the development of the two long-recognized phases of "adaptation" and "incarnation" there has been a "third phase." In the period since 1980 we find an explosion into theological diversity and maturity, marked by serious wrestling with all the social problems facing Africans in contemporary African life. Since 1980 there is a proliferation of new Christological paradigms, and increased inter-religious tensions have brought new urgency to inter-faith dialogue, with a growing number of theological responses. An explosion in the numbers of African …  Lire la suite

Cette thèse soutient que les intersections entre la poésie et d’autres formes d’art sont des sites de lutte sur la capacité des pratiques esthétiques à mettre en œuvre la critique pendant l’ère socio-économique du capitalisme tardif. Alors que la croissance économique après la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cédé la place à la désindustrialisation de l’Amérique du Nord et de l’Europe après 1970, la critique esthétique du capital a été confrontée à un mode de production qui s’est avéré capable de transformer en marchandises les formes immatérielles du travail et de l’art. En examinant les intersections entre la poésie et la …  Lire la suite

Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a major cause of disability and lost autonomy in older individuals. Most incontinent elderly individuals exhibit involuntary bladder contractions, detrusor overactivity (DO). Ultrastructural studies of the overactive detrusor have revealed changes in contact between myocytes involving decreased numbers of adherens junctions, and the de novo appearance ofjunctions proposed to be aberrant gap junctions. Remarkably, former junctions has never been studied in bladder muscle cells, while, until recently, bladder muscle cells were felt not express gap junctions. We developed a primary culture system using rat bladder smooth muscle cells, and found that these formed typical N-cadherin positive …  Lire la suite

Flexibility in housing has been studied and implemented both in Europe and North America. However, there is a need for more research on which spaces in the home and which elements in those spaces require flexibility to accommodate all phases of the family life cycle. The particular spaces in a single-family home requiring this flexibility were determined in five case studies covering a minimum span of 15 years of the family life cycle. The spaces that underwent changes most frequently were dens, studies and recreation rooms. Bedrooms changed frequently only when there were crowded conditions or when residents were unhappy …  Lire la suite

Est-ce que les étudiants dans les classes d'enquête qui s'engage dans la résolution de problème rapporte-ils des expérience différentes comparer a ceux dans les classes d'enquête qui ne s'engagent pas dans la résolution de problème? De plus, est-ce que les étudiants qui s'engages dans la résolution de problème rapporte plus de comportements qui démontre une bonne résolution de problèmes que les étudiants qui ne s'engagent pas dans la résolution de problème? Qu'elles sont les liens communs et les expériences unique avec le processus du problème trouvent? [...]  Lire la suite

This is an examination of various aspects of the problem of crimes aboard aircraft, which is receiving attention from individual jurists and from international organizations today.  Lire la suite

Authorities in the field of lignin chemistry have agreed that the lignin complex is an extremely sensitive material which is chemically changed during isolation by mineral acids or alkalies, by acidulated organic solvents, by hot sulfite solutions or by many other reagents. Since present methods of isolating lignin involve such drastic treatments, the products probably bear only an indirect structural relationship to lignin "in situ". In consequence, very little is known of the nature of lignin as it exists in wood. The problem of isolating unchanged lignin seems to depend upon the development of methods that avoid drastic conditions of …  Lire la suite

Imperialism, as understood by the British in the year 1850, was sentimental in essence as opposed to later utilitarianism. Lord Beaconsfield and his party assumed ‘’an attitude of superiority towards other civilized nations.” “Trade follows the flag” had not yet become an Imperial slogan. [...]  Lire la suite

McFarlane, J.The house cricket Acheta domesticus (L.) is a very convenient laboratory insect; it is easy to rear (Ghouri and McFarlane 1958), it has a sufficiently short life cycle, the eggs and young nymphs are large enough not to necessitate any special apparatus to be manipulated, and, finally, neither diseases nor parasites are factors influencing the results. Nevertheless, A. domesticus has not been used very often by research workers, and the first to study seriously some aspects or its nutrition were Ghouri and McFarlane (1958), and McFarlane et al. (1959).  Lire la suite

Les introns de groupe II sont des introns autocatalytiques qui s'épissent des transcrits de pré-mARN, et liguent concurremment les exons flanquant. D'un point de vue évolutif, ils sont considérés comme les ancêtres des introns nucléaires eucaryotes et de leur appareil d'épissage, le spliceosome. On présume que le fractionnement d'un intron de groupe II ancestral a donné naissance aux cinq petits ARN nucléaires (snRNAs - U1, U2, U4, U5, U6) qui constituent le noyau catalytique du spliceosome. Cette hypothèse est supportée par la découverte d'introns de groupe II fragmentés qui s'épissent en trans dans certaines organelles. Nous avons soumis l'intron de …  Lire la suite

This research presents automatic aerodynamic shape optimization results for the NREL S809 wind turbine profile. The objective of this re-design was to improve the total lift to drag ratio for steady low-Mach number flows. This research sets the groundwork for the development of a multidisciplinary optimization framework for complete wind turbine rotors. To develop the aerodynamic design framework for the wind turbine applications, low-Mach preconditioning and Menter's k-omega SST turbulence model have been implemented into the flow solver. A preconditioned discrete viscous adjoint-based automatic aerodynamic optimization method has been developed and validated. Various design case studies of the NREL Phase …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this work is twofold. As one among many practitioners in educational dramatics, I wished to clarifymy position by research into the very early history of the movement. 1 des1red_ to discover aesthetic and educationalprecedents, examples good or bad, encouragement, direction, and stimulus,- curious to see wherein the academic Directorof the 20th century differs from the 16th century ludimagister. Hence a deal of space is devoted to outliningthe development from early humanist paedagogy of the ideals of educational dramatics. This part of the work I have hadto restrict more or less to the English field, but within its …  Lire la suite

Food group contributions to energy, carbohydrate, protein, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, fiber, calcium, iron, folate, zinc, vitamins A and C were evaluated for Canadian adults aged 18--65 years. Twenty four hour recall data from the 1997--98 Food Habits of Canadians survey were used. Mean nutrient intakes exceeded the RNI for all age-gender groups except, calcium for older women. Mean iron (women 18--49 years) and zinc (men and women 50--65 years) intakes were borderline. The differences in food group contribution to nutrient intake among smokers and non-smokers indicated that smokers generally obtained nutrients from foods higher in energy and fat …  Lire la suite

Total body fat and muscle mass depletion has been reported in some patients with COPD. This study used simple anthropometric measurements to compare the body composition of patients with moderate-severe COPD to that of healthy controls, and examines relationships between body composition, disease severity, habitual physical activity and resting and exercise energy expenditure. Results show no significant differences in overall Heath-Carter somatotype characteristics, percent body fat, fat free mass and girth measurements between COPD and control subjects although when stratified by gender, female COPD patients exhibited a greater body fat component. Measured VO2 (L/min) at rest or during steady-state exercise …  Lire la suite

Le niveau de stress chez les parents d'enfants ayant une déficience intellectuelle est plus grand que chez les parents d'enfants ayant un développement typique. Néanmoins, peu de recherches ont été menées sur les effets des variables chez les enfants sur le stress qu'éprouvent les parents à la longue. Le but de cette étude est d'évaluer l'impact des changements dans les comportements adaptatifs et problématiques de l'enfant sur le niveau de stress parental. A partir des donnés du National Early Intervention Research Initiative, cette étude examine les indices du stress chez les parents d'enfants ayant un trouble envahissant du développement qui …  Lire la suite

Sladeczek, Ingrid (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

This thesis is a case study of the impact of culture on the management of water resources and the conflict over their usage by opposing riparian entities in the Jordan River Basin. It provides an overview of the historical background to the resource conflict in the area and continues on to examine the development of management institutions. In particular, it examines the impact of Islamic law on the development of water laws and management, paying particular attention to the affect of Islamic law on water usage in Jordan and how in turn this affect is seen in its relations with …  Lire la suite

Over the last years satellite communications remained as a government monopoly in most countries. Recently, that situation has changed and we have witnessed liberalization on trade in satellite services where governmental entities that provided satellite services were privatized. Also, countries started to allow the entry of foreign satellites to their markets. The international scenario on trade in satellite services is of great relevance and it will be analyzed in this thesis. We will see Mexico's, Canada's and the US's specific commitments on satellite communications services made in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). Likewise, we will see Mexico's, …  Lire la suite

En 1585, Dominico Fontana (1543-1607) conçoit une machine afin de transporter l’obélisque du Vatican vers un nouvel emplacement, centré sur la façade de la basilique Saint-Pierre. Le récit de l’évènement a occupé une place importante dans les récits historiques de Rome. Son évaluation critique dans la littérature académique récente l’a surtout présenté comme un exploit d’ingénierie. Je soutiens que Domenico Fontana et ses contemporains comprirent la pratique de transporter les monolithes comme une pratique propre au rôle de l’architecte. Afin de présenter le juste contexte du projet, cette dissertation considère le déplacement de l’obélisque au sein des discours, portant sur …  Lire la suite

The analysis in this thesis is motivated by two models in the literature. Dong and Atick [4] describe the relationship between spatial and temporal frequencies of videos of natural scenes. Langer and Mann [10] describe a geometric constraint on the power spectrum of individual image sequences produced by an observer moving laterally relative to a cluttered 3D scene. Langer and Mann's model proposes a bowtie pattern in the frequency domain, but does not consider the distribution of power within this bowtie. In this thesis we consider the distribution of power within the bowtie by applying the model of Dong and …  Lire la suite

The pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids (PIAs) are a family of structurally related natural products isolated from several species of marine sponges. Palau’amine, a dimeric PIA, has been a target for total synthesis ever since its isolation in 1993 due to its significant biological activity and, more importantly, its complex molecular architecture. In 2007, the structure ofpalau’amine was revised to incorporate a highly strained trans-fused azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane bicyclic system.This thesis follows the progression of efforts that culminated in the development of a cyclization strategy for the formation of the strained trans-fused 5,5-bicyclic ring system. In our initial exploration, attempts to secure the trans-fused 5,5-ring …  Lire la suite

Ce mémoire étudie comment le projet d’illustrations de la Comédie divine d’Amos Nattini, une série de 100 aquarelles intitulée Imagini dantesche complétée principalement entre 1919 et 1939, fût assimilé par le fascisme et co-impliqué dans son discours d’impérialisme culturel. Mon étude vient combler une lacune dans la littérature à ce sujet en questionnant ouvertement le manque d’engagement critique avec le contexte politico-historique de l’œuvre dantesque de Nattini. Ma lecture de l’œuvre dépend d’une analyse approfondie de la figure de Lucifer dans l’illustration du chant XXXIV de l’Enfer. Je soutiens que, malgré qu’il continue de travailler avec le poème de Dante …  Lire la suite

The works of Marcel Dube are a testimony of the French Canadian society's evolution, at a time when its cultural and social identity was being questioned. Beyond any doubt, his plays had a strong influence upon Quebecers during the fifties and sixties. Dube's dramatic works have instigated the interest of critics throughout Canada and also in the United States and Europe. This thesis represents an analysis of five plays written by Marcel Dube giving clear indication of the universality of his works, particularly based on unpublished documents. These plays were written almost thirty years ago; nevertheless, they are still alive …  Lire la suite

This study investigates whether the remedial tertiary-level EFL classes in the Arabian Gulf States optimize the process of acquiring English for the majority of the students, namely the graduates of government high schools. I have endeavoured to uncover, by reference to my three years as an EFL teacher in the Gulf and the pertinent literature, why so much time and effort invested by myself and my students resulted in such a disproportionate lack of progress in reading and writing. I show how three major factors (diglossia, a linguistic trichotomy, and low literacy levels) conspire to impede students from learning to …  Lire la suite

Following Billingham's first attempt to enhance skin grafts in the mouse in 1956, several authors reported prolongation of skin grafts following antigenic pretreatment, including in most cases passive conditioning or immunization. Non viable antigenic material was generally chosen and given intravenously or intraperitoneally. In spite of various injection schedules and doses or material, results were extremely modest, consisting in a gain of a few days in survival but often quite consistently. We include a selected list in Table I.  Lire la suite

La recherche sur les programmes d’éducation physique et de sport pour les filles dans les pays du Sud a pu identifier les obstacles auxquels les filles font face lorsqu’elles participent aux activités physiques et sportives. Elle a également souligné l’importance d’adapter le curriculum afin de mieux répondre à leurs besoins sexospécifiques et contextuels. En s'appuyant sur ces leçons tirées, les chercheurs souhaitent désormais mettre en œuvre des approches novatrices permettant aux filles de partager leurs idées et de contribuer au contenu et à l'évaluation du curriculum, ainsi qu’aux politiques d’éducation physique et de sport dans les pays du Sud. De …  Lire la suite

Mole drainage is an inexpensive form of drainage particularly suited to clay soils. Mole drainage is approved by Le Conseil des Productions Vegetales du Quebec to drain clay soils with low hydraulic conductivity. A few known trials on this technique of drainage have been done in Ontario and Alberta. In England and New Zealand, this technique is widely used. The large surface of heavy clay soil cultivated in Abitibi-Temiscamingue makes this region an excellent choice for trying this technique. Two sites established on two soil series (Palmarolle, Roquemaure) have been moled in Abitibi-Temiscamingue. These soils represent 21% of the cultivated …  Lire la suite

The production and disposal of sludge by the wastewater treatment facilities is an increasing concern both financially and logistically. One way to address this problem is by implementing ozonation of the returned activated sludge to reduce the amount of biosolids produced. The current drawback of this technology is that, due to the lack of reliable biological models, main process changes and costs in capital and operation can be accurately assessed only by pilot-scale studies. The current work aimed at developing a reliable model for RAS ozonation activated sludge systems. The work was divided into three step . (1) An extension …  Lire la suite

The advent of the ep collider HERA at the DESY research center has opened a wide kinematical window for the study of the Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) processes e+p→ e+X. Recent measurements of the structure function F2 of the proton have confirmed the fact that the Bjorken scaling which arises from the naive Quark-Parton Model is broken in the limit where the scaling variable, x-Bjorken, is small. It also revealed that F2 grows exponentially with x-Bjorken, at low x. The standard picture of parton evolution, based on the DGLAP equations, reproduces this steep rise if it is used with an …  Lire la suite

Enuresis is an ever recurring problem which is presented by a large number of children who come to the attention of a child guidance center. A survey of the literature in this field indicates that enuresis is not a clinical entity to which one can ascribe a single cause, but rather it is a symptom of an underlying emotional disturbance. If the enuretic child is to be helped with his problem, it is of vital importance to study each individual case in order to discover how that child is reacting to his environment and how his particular social experiences have …  Lire la suite