McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par T

In epidemiological studies of the incidence of disease the onset of symptoms is often known only to have occurred between two observations, i.e. its time is "interval-censored."" Inferentia1 analysis, in such cases, traditionally requires assumptions about the true time of onset. Methods of analysis, based on maximum likelihood but on weaker assumptions,have been developed which are applicable to several causal factors varying over time. Their performance was found, in Monte Carlo simulations, to be superior to that of existing methods when censoring was severe. Choices of time dimension and procedures to deal with competing risks, comorbidity, and loss to follow-up …  Lire la suite

In section A a review has been made of single crystal studies done from 1960-1973. This review has been put into tabular form (see tables I, 2, 4-9). A critical analysis and INDO calculations of some of ther adicals are reported....  Lire la suite

A major objective of the Agricultural Sciences is the utilization of' natural resources in such a manner that the effects of factors which reduce the yields of products useful to man, will be minimized. Although nematodes, as parasites of vertebrates and plants, have been recognized as significant factors in reducing agricultural production, they are themselves victims of a number of parasitic organisms. Struggle for existence is universal among living organisms regardless of their biological level, and this competitive relationship between nematodes and other organisms in their environments is by no means unique. Fungi, that prey upon or parasitize microscopic animals, …  Lire la suite

Radioactive cerium isotope of mass 135 was produced by proton bombardment in the McGill synchrocyclotron. The mass assignment of this isotope was made with the help of a yield curve for different bombardment energies. Gamma rays belonging to the chemically separated isotope were studied on a kicksorter. [...]  Lire la suite

Many radioactive isotopes in the rare earth region have recently been studied. These were commonly produced by bombarding the stable isotopes with particles of sufficient energy. The isotopes of cerium of mass greater than 135 have been studied fairly extensively. However, little was known about Ce135 and therefore it was thought worthwhile to make an attempt to get more information about this isotope. Some previous work in the rare earth region was done in this laboratory. The methods of chemical separation used in this project are similar to those reported previously except for minor alterations. Lanthanum and cerium targets were …  Lire la suite

Electrodeposition of metals may be divided into four categories. In electroplating, articles are coated with a layer of metal for the purpose of ornament or protection. The physical form of the deposit is of prime importance since upon it depend such properties as lustre, hardness and ductility. Good adherence of the deposit to the plated article is also a requisite. The process of electroforming is the production or reproduction of articles by electrodeposition. Reproduction of printing plates and phonograph matrices are common examples of electroforming. In electrorefining, the anodes consist principally of the metal to be refined. The purpose is …  Lire la suite

In the Drosophila CNS, neurons and glia communicate to regulate cell survival, gene expression and differentiation, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. I have genetic evidence to indicate that the glycosyltransferase Fringe (fng) is required for both glial cell differentiation and neuronal axon guidance in the embryonic ventral nerve cord (VNC). fng activity is known to modify signaling through the Notch (N) receptor, and fng-dependent glycosylation of N changes the affinity of the receptor for its two known ligands, Serrate (Ser) and Delta (Dl). I found that N is widely expressed in both neurons and glia during axon outgrowth stages …  Lire la suite

This review of the literature examines the definitions, prevalence, impact and treatments for adult male survivors of incest/child sexual abuse and/or rape/sexual assault.  Lire la suite

Logging slash constitues an environment supporting a particular association ot insacts and other arthropods. Initially, the species of insects in the community are governed by the character of the slash, that is, the tree species, thickness of bark, and size of tops. The condition of the slaah changes with the passage of time, the rate of change being directly affected by bark beetles and wood borers which initiate the ingress of wood-destroying fungi. As the environment changes, those species, for which the habitat is no longer suitable, drop out, leaving in the association of animals only those which can exist …  Lire la suite

The use of the external anatomy of the larvae of bark beetles for the purpose of generic and specific identification has been neglected in the past. One reason for lack of interest in this particular phase of the study of bark beetles may lie in the biology of this group of insects where, in many cases, adults are present together with the larvae throughout most of the developmental period. However, there are occasions where larvae of more than one species feed in the same area of bark, and even though adults of all species represented are present, the percentage of …  Lire la suite

The effect of type of cleft, type of operation, and time of operation on vocal structure and function was investigated. Velopharyngeal adequacy was measured by oral examination, judgments of articulation and nasality of speech, manometer blowing and suction ratios, and cineradiography. Thirty-five subjects with repaired cleft palates were assessed. Similar results were obtained for the Langenbeck and the Wardill operations. Early surgical operation (before 18 months) tended to increase the possibility of an adequate velopharyngeal mechanism producing normal speech, although this trend was statistically significant for only one measure. Vocal structure and its function was found not to vary with …  Lire la suite

The neuropathogenicity of two retroviruses was investigated. The human immunodeficiency virus, in addition to its profound effect on the immune system, also causes degenerative changes in the brain, the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. In order to elucidate how it affects the nervous system, transgenic mice were generated that express the entire HIV genome in neurons in the anterior thalamus and in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, and examined clinically, neuropsychologically, electrophysiologically and histologically. Animals developed a neurological syndrome characterized by hypoactivity and weakness, and by axonal degeneration in peripheral nerves. These results provide evidence for a role …  Lire la suite

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for high-performance networks to support emerging technologies, new applications, and innovative communication services. Optical code division multiple-access (OCDMA) has been proposed as a network solution offering flexible access to high-bandwidth applications while supporting different levels of quality of service. In this thesis, we provide the first demonstration of successful encoding and decoding of two-dimensional wavelength-time (2D lambda-t) OCDMA bipolar codes. Furthermore, we develop a generic simulation platform for investigating the impact of component mismatch, caused by wavelength and/or time misalignments in the optical encoders/decoders or misbalance in the photodetectors, on the …  Lire la suite

Villers-Sidani, Etienne De (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Depuis les années 1950, la vie des femmes a dramatiquement changé dans les démocraties établies mais l'écart avec les hommes en matière d'intérêt politique et de compétence politique subjective est resté le même. Ceci est problématique puisque les orientations psychologiques envers la politique – intérêt politique et compétence politique subjective – jouent un rôle clé dans le fonctionnement des démocraties. La littérature en science politique a longtemps suggéré que l'amélioration du statut socioéconomique des femmes, en plus du bouleversement du rôle traditionnel des femmes et de la socialisation dans un contexte féministe auraient dû rétrécir sinon éliminer avec le temps …  Lire la suite

This project concerns the ways in which social computing functions as a rational steering medium in network societies. Exploring cases that include the structured data protocols of an ascendant "Web 3.0", Google PageRank and collaborative filtering services, the work unearths some key intellectual commitments at work in the technologies. Each software structure constructs a kind of social rationality, by combining the lived experience of users with its rationalizing computational processes. The cases have been chosen as among those digital tools increasingly relied upon to coordinate action in everyday life: organizing people and knowledge in diverse ways, recalibrating the operations of …  Lire la suite

La défaillance des conducteurs aériens des lignes de transport électriques due à la fatigue par frottement est le sujet de plusieurs projets de recherche expérimentaux et de modélisation numérique. Par contre, peu de projets de recherche se sont penchés sur l’évaluation de la fiabilité mécanique des conducteurs aériens assujettis à la fatigue par frottement. L'approche actuelle pour estimer la fiabilité des conducteurs se base sur la réalisation d'expériences coûteuses sur différents assemblages conducteur-pince et le regroupement des résultats sur la base de la méthode des contraintes idéalisées. Les estimations de fiabilité sont alors généralement définies pour la première défaillance d’un …  Lire la suite

The objective of this study was to determine whether low-level flying military aircraft affected the reproductive success of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), and if so, to determine the optimal avoidance distance to minimize these effects. I studied 49 nests in 1995, and 68 nests in 1996 within the military low-level flying zone. Nest occupancy, clutch size, number of hatchlings, and number of young at 41 days of age were assessed at each nest. GIS flight track records provided frequency of aircraft at given distances and altitudes from the nest. Logistic regression analysis assessed the impact of flight frequency in four distance …  Lire la suite

La modification du régime hydrique, comme dans le cas du marnage hivernal, pour la production d'hydroélectricité ou pour la prévention des inondations causées par les crues printanières sont considérés comme des facteurs de stress majeurs affectant la biodiversité aquatique. Des études antérieures ont démontrés que les effets de mise en eau d'un barrage ainsi que l'amplitude du marnage sont plus fortement ressentis dans la zone littorale des lacs. Les perturbations de la zone littorale auront des conséquences sur les poissons qui utilisent cet habitat pour se réfugier, se nourrir et se reproduire. Il a déjà été démontré que le marnage …  Lire la suite

Leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) is mutated in humans with autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (ADLTLE). Unlike most other epilepsy-associated proteins, LGI1 is not part of an ion channel. LGI1 is a secreted protein and ADLTLE mutations inhibit LGI1 secretion, indicating that LGI1 functions as a secreted protein. To begin to understand the physiological role of LGI1, we sought to identify a cell surface receptor. We show that the Nogo 66 receptor (NgR1) is a novel receptor for LGI1. We further show that LGI1 competes with another NgR1 ligand, Nogo66, for binding. NgR1 mediates growth inhibition after injury. Importantly, …  Lire la suite

The Purkinje cell is the sole output neuron of the cerebellar cortex, and the parallel fibers form one of the main excitatory inputs to Purkinje cells. Thus, synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse is in an ideal position to influence information carried out of the cerebellar cortex. Excitatory synaptic transmission via both α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1s) exists at the parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse. Extensive evidence has accumulated over the years on heterogeneity in expression patterns of molecules in the mGluR1 signalling pathway, as well as on heterogeneity in …  Lire la suite

To better understand Anglophone elderly experience in accessing health care services in a Francophone area, it is important to look beyond availability of healthcare services near their homes. This study explored factors such as language competence, preference, motivation, reaching and waiting times, as contributors to elderly people's choice. A questionnaire designed for this study was administered to 199 males and females, aged 55 years and older, recruited from the only Anglophone Seniors' Centre in East-End Montreal. It was found that elderly people with limited French proficiency were more likely to travel out of their area for healthcare services, resulting in …  Lire la suite

Une nouvelle méthode de calcul pour les filtres linéaires et pour la prédiction est présentée. Elle fait usage des deux approches mathématiques de filtrage d'information et de covariance, en une formulation générale. Les méthodes préconisées nous permettent de continuer la reserche afin de développer des algorithmes qui produisent des estimation utiles dans le cas dégénéré de matrices de rangs déficients. Ces résultats représentant une appproche unifiée à l'évaluation d'états de systèmes linéaires dynamiques et à l'évaluation récursive de paramètres pour l'identification de systèmes et de commande adaptive.  Lire la suite

One of the best and oldest known tapeworm anthelmintics, a preparation from Dryopteris filix mas, commonly called the Male-fern, was known and used by the Greek physicians of ancient times (1). Their knowledge was lost in the Middle Ages except for a few people who kept it a closely guarded secret. In the eighteenth century Frederic the Great of Prussia managed to buy the information concerning the rhizome of the Male-fern and published it. The most effective preparation was the oil obtained by extracting the dried rhizome with ether. The anthelmintic action of the rhizome of Dryopteris filix mas on …  Lire la suite

The following is a case study of the Northeast Fisheries Project, in Northeast Thailand, carried out jointly by the Canadian International Development Agency, its implementing agency and the Thai Department of Fisheries from 1986 to 1990. The formulation and events surrounding the project will be reviewed, with special emphasis on an experimental extension program which was pivotal to the project's success. Overall, the project did not succeed in meeting its objectives, and the purpose of this study is to examine the role of Thai values, social structure and bureaucracy, in contributing to this failure. Specifically, we will consider Thailand as …  Lire la suite

Thickening or slime settling in metallurgical operations is the process of partially dewatering a mixture of finely ground solids and water by allowing the solids to settle from suspension in a large tank or thickener. This process of thickening is used in practically all modern ore treatment plants, and often in more than one phase of the operations.Thickening is also a necessary operation in many industrial processes and in sewage disposal. [...]  Lire la suite

The 1iterature of the Old Testament Canon is divided into three sections usually designated by the terms: "Law, Prophets, and Writings". The third section embracingthe five "Megilloth" or "Bolls." and known as the "Kethubim" provides the portions of Scripture read on certain Jewish Feast days. Of the five books included in the "Kethubim"three namely, Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes, are generally recognized as belonging to that part ot the Sacred Canon now known by the collective name "Wisdom Literature". [...]  Lire la suite

Many multi-channel free-space micro-optical components such as micro-mirror switches and (tunable) vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) are arranged in two-dimensional arrays. This thesis explores the design, implementation and characterization of a two-dimensional optical wavelength (de)multiplexer designed to interface between wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical networks and 2D micro-mirror optical switch, VCSEL or detector arrays. The system uses multifacet gratings to map the light from a traditional optical (de)multiplexer to a 4 x 16 array with a pitch of 250 mum. The device is 6.05 mm in length and could be fabricated by plastic injection molding. The device successfully performs the …  Lire la suite

This study examined the introduction of a Child Sexual Abuse Protocol, supported by a specialized training program, in a large social service centre, to determine effects on social work practice and case outcomes. The sample (N = 261) represented referrals during two years, one before and one after introduction of the Protocol. Data sources were agency files, supplemented by interviews with five key informants. It was found that the Protocol and training had little effect on worker practice or case outcomes. An uneven and ambiguous implementation process, combined with the lack of coordination of the social service, police, and judicial …  Lire la suite

La cogestion émerge dans les années 1970 comme solution aux limitations et problèmes associés aux approches centralisées et bioéconomiques des pêches. Reconnaissant les pêches comme des systèmes socio-écologiques complexes, la gestion collaborative est souvent décrite comme plus inclusive des préoccupations et savoirs des pêcheurs. Les ententes de cogestion entre les gouvernements nationaux et étatiques et des groupes autochtones sont souvent perçues comme une façon de responsabiliser les pêcheurs autochtones et de combiner leurs savoirs aux savoirs scientifiques.Les études consacrées à la cogestion ont surtout porté sur la mise en œuvre de tels ententes dans un large éventail de contextes. Plusieurs …  Lire la suite

Gruenheid, Samantha (Supervisor2)  Lire la suite

Air Transportation of goods is carried out on a contractural basis between the carrier and the shipper. This contract may beoral or written, depending upon the law of particular country. It is usual that the rights and liabilities of the parties are determined by the law of the individual country. [...]  Lire la suite

The development of tissue clearing and whole-brain imaging with single-cell resolution opens the way for comprehensive analysis of neuronal circuits. Aqueous-based tissue clearing protocols have been improved to generate translucent samples that can be further processed with histology methods and/or labeled with immunohistochemistry antibodies. The two major protocols - CUBIC and CLARITY - have achieved multi-label imaging of proteins in sub-cellular structures including axons and dendritic spines, by labeling with fluorescent or immunohistochemical stains in adult brain samples. These protocols offer a cost-effective and reliable method to acquire three-dimensional structural details in rodent models with multi-spectral high-resolution microscopy. Here we …  Lire la suite

This thesis consider factors impacting the performance of certain overlay networks. We present models and make a number of novel contributions in the form of proposed improvements. Congestion of the underlying network affects any overlay network. Congestion control schemes rely on quick and accurate aggregation of link shadow prices calculated by individual routers. We present a deterministic packet marking algorithm which allows routers to encode these prices in the ECN field of the IP packets traversing the link, and allows the receiver to estimate the total path price. We show, through simulation, that the performance of our algorithm exceeds that …  Lire la suite

Methyl-bis-β-chloroethylamine generally designated by “S” ha a been found to produce physiological effects of such a nature as to warrant the possibilities of its use as an agent for chemical warfare. However, stabilization of the compound has been found difficult. Naturally it was desirable to obtain a good knowledge of the chemistry involved in the degradation process. When investigations were commenced in this laboratory there was little concrete information available, as is indicated in the introduction to the first section. The subject is conveniently treated as a series of topics:- 1. The reactions of “S” in absolute menthol were studied …  Lire la suite

Endotherms are capable of using internal heat to precisely regulate body temperature at an elevated level, yet there is considerable variation in the range of body temperatures (heterothermy) expressed by an endotherm. In this thesis, I exploit two different approaches to address the causes and consequences of heterothermy in mammals, reflective of an underlying trade-off between the functional benefits and energetic costs of endothermy. I first conduct an inter-specific, empirical analysis of mammalian body temperatures reported in the literature, treating heterothermy as a continuous variable spanning all endotherms, to examine factors that predict the degree of body temperature fluctuation observed …  Lire la suite

Studies of the effects of continuous verbal and written repetition or visual fixation generally report that subjects experience a decrement in the meaning or availability of' that word (e.g. Severance and Washburn, 1907; Bassett and Warne, 1919; Don and Weld, 1924; Lambert and Jakobovits, 1960). Recently Lambert and Jakobovits (1960), in attempting to develop a more objective measure of the change, devised a procedure based on the Semantic Differential Scales of Osgood, Suci, and Tannenbaum (1957). They used the term "semantic satiation" to refer to the decrease in extremity of rated meaning on these scales after repetition or fixation and …  Lire la suite

The doctrine of atonement attempts to elaborate the statement of the Creed that it was "for us men and for our salvation" that Jesus Christ was born, lived, died and rose again. It has tried to show how these facts are central for the establishment of a new community between God and man. The fact that this doctrine has never been defined as dogma may derive partly from uncertainty about the use of language; but most certain it derives from the fact that what is here spoken of is the mystery of an ‘act of God’. Atonement bas been made …  Lire la suite

"The main structural principles of Communism are either identical with, or implied in, those of Christianity" said John Macmurray, in a contribution to a symposium on Communism and Christianity published in 1935. The statement sets the problem for this thesis. It is not suggested here merely that there are superficial resemblances in the respective forms of the two movements, but rather that there is an essential similarity, and that this similarity is best seen in a comparison of the Party and the Church. At the same time it is acknowledged that there is an important dissimilarity between the two movements; …  Lire la suite

Shock is a ubiquitous term. It is a term commonly heard in both scientific and non-scientific environments. It is a term so commonly used that it's meaning has become clouded. A perusal of scientific literature reveals a varied interpretation. This variety of opinion has led many to refrain from using the term, and some to suggest is abandonment. [...]  Lire la suite

This thesis concerns the justifiability of claims for reparations for historical injustice as claims based on reparative justice. The first component of the thesis aims to bring clarity to this broad topic by, firstly, describing five necessary conditions for a claim to be compelling as a claim of reparative justice and by, secondly, noting some important difficulties that claims for reparations for historical injustice tend to face in meeting these five conditions. The second component concerns the specific case of reparations to African-Americans for slavery and other past legal injustices. The thesis argues that a case for reparations based on …  Lire la suite

The adult mammalian thyroid (122) is a bilobed, highly vascular, solid organ related to the pretracheal fascia which binds it to the larynx and trachea. It is invested by a true fibrous capsule, which is continuous with the stroma of the gland. The thyroid consists of a pair of lobes joined across the anterior aspect of the trachea by the isthmus. Each lobe extends proximally along the lateral aspect of the thyroid cartilage, and distally along the upper part of the trachea. The lobes are related medially, to the thyroid and cricoids cartilages, to the trachea and oesophagus, and to …  Lire la suite