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First climate change effects, especially in the coastal zone, stress the adoption of a long term strategy at all decision levels. Even if disruptions are unavoidable, there are still doubts concerning their extent and local effects. They will partly depend on our reaction capacities, especially concerning the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Even quite recently perceived as distant and hypothetical, gradually the phenomenon is beginning to take shape.The increasing concern of local collectivities is stressed by its context: international (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol), european (climate energy package) and national (Grenelle de l'environnement). In France, their willingness of action can become concrete through a specific tool, the territorial climate plan. But, the cross-cutting feature of the subject overflows this framework. The Bretagne region strongly integrate climatic concern especially in the Morbihan gulf regional natural parc project and in its energy plan. Strategies developed in those texts are elaborated following the building of climate stakes at local level. Dispositions adopted at local level aim essentially to mitigate greenhouse gaz emissions but adaptation measures begin to appear. Those strategies are the result of a cautiousness approach which optimize chances of success in front of a new stake with a lot of uncertainties.

Keywords: changements climatiques, gouvernance, collectivités locales, environnement, incertitude, droit, climate change, governance, local authorities, environment, uncertainty, law

This article examines criminal justice policies and strategies of change, from agenda setting to decision-making, implementation and evaluation. Since 1960, change has been incremental, almost without regard to the predominant liberal or conservative ideological strategies. The author maintains, even if it is an old cliché, that reforming society is a better social policy than reforming the criminal justice system... if we have a choice!

The gender approach in urban planning focuses on women's safety issues in public spaces. International organizations are at the forefront of initiatives that address this issue. While the circulation of urban policy and the international discourse on gender equality have been the subject of research for several years, the influence of the state on this circulation has been little explored. Yet, in a political context like Vietnam's, the state is difficult to avoid. This article is based on an analysis of the implementation of three international organization programs on women's safety in public spaces in Vietnam. The results highlight the state's influence in the mobility of the gender approach by revealing the way international organizations negotiate with the context of centralized and authoritarian governance to carry out their projects.

Keywords: Circulation des modèles, genre, Vietnam, planification urbaine, sécurité des femmes, organisations internationales, État, Policy mobility, gender, Vietnam, urban planning, women's safety, international organizations, state, Circulación de modelos, género, Vietnam, planificación urbana, seguridad de las mujeres, organizaciones internacionales, Estado

SummaryTaking as his starting point an analysis of the respective roles of private capital and of the state in the accumulation process in Quebec, the author examines the ideological positions of 313 Francophone and Anglophone higher executives in the public service, in crown corporations, and in 28 large private companies in Quebec, concerning the question of state intervention. The thirty or so propositions used for this analysis refer to public expenses, to the traditional functions of the liberal state, to new regulations (in the areas of environment, workplace health and security, language legislation), to redistribution policies, to intervention in industrial activities, and to the modalities of state intervention. The analysis of these opinions, which indicates a certain common frame of discourse among those who head the large public and private bureaucracies, but also some more or less strong differences of opinion between them, illustrates the ambiguous character, especially in a dependent society, of the programs for the reduction of public expenses, in the face of a definition by these executives of the field of governmental intervention and of the limits of the state.

This article examines the government-nonprofit relationship in public service provision in China. The authors develop the expression “dependent interdependence” to refer to this relationship, whereas it is usually explained within the theoretical framework of civil society and corporatism. The article starts with a brief historical review of government-nonprofit relations in China. It then documents the types of institutions this sector comprises, in particular the numerous providers of public services. After an analysis of the government-nonprofit relationship in social care, which is the main category of public services in China, and the variety of tools the government has adopted to support the nonprofit sector, the article concludes with the key characteristics of this relationship of dependent interdependence.

This article examines the government-nonprofit relationship in public service provision in China. The authors develop the expression “dependent interdependence” to refer to this relationship, whereas it is usually explained within the theoretical framework of civil society and corporatism. The article starts with a brief historical review of government-nonprofit relations in China. It then documents the types of institutions this sector comprises, in particular the numerous providers of public services. After an analysis of the government-nonprofit relationship in social care, which is the main category of public services in China, and the variety of tools the government has adopted to support the nonprofit sector, the article concludes with the key characteristics of this relationship of dependent interdependence.