Volume 26, Number 3, November 1990
Table of contents (13 articles)
Editor's Note
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Special Issue: New Age Determinations in the Atlantic Provinces
Robert Raeside and Sandra M. Barr
pp. i–ii
Articles
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Geological and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the timing of quartz vein formation in Meguma Group lode-gold deposits, Nova Scotia
Daniel J. Kontak, Paul K. Smith, Peter Reynolds and Keith Taylor
pp. 201–227
AbstractEN:
The results of geological and 40Ar/"Ar geochronological investigations of several gold districts hosted by the Meguma Group are presented. Observations at both the macro- (deposit to ore zone) and micro- (hand sample to thin section) scale indicate that quartz vein formation followed major Acadian folding and metamorphism (ca. 400 ±10 Ma) and was broadly coincident with mafic-felsic magmatism at ca. 370 Ma. 40Ar/"Ar analyses of vein-fill mica and amphibole from the Beaver Dam, Moose River, Fifteen Mile Stream, Upper Seal Harbour and Caribou deposits indicate ages of ca. 380 Ma to ca. 362 Ma. The age data are interpreted to reflect discrete hydrothermal events with rapid cooling following crystallization of vein constituents. The age data do not reflect either variable amounts of resetting by later granitic intrusions or diachronous cooling. Genetic models that interpret the generation of the auriferous quartz veins as either before or during major Acadian folding are considered to be inconsistent with the present results. Instead, a model is favored that interprets quartz vein formation in the context of continued transpression of the Meguma Terrane following regional folding and metamorphism.
FR:
On présente les r6sultats d'6tudes geblogiques et geochronologiques [40Ar/"Ar] effectuees dans plusieurs districts auriferes au sein du Groupe de Meguma. Des observations tant macroscopiques (du gite a la zone de mineral) que microscopiques (de l'echantillon a la lame mince) indiquent que la formation des veines de quartz suivit un metamorphisme et un plissement majeurs acadiens (env. 400 ± 10 Ma) et coiincida d'une facon g6nerale avec unmagmatisme mafique a felsique vers 370 Ma. Des analyses 40Ar/"Ar effectuees sur des micas et des amphiboles de remplissages de veine provenant des gites de Beaver Dam, Moose River, Fifteen Mile Stream, Upper Seal Harbour et Caribou revelent des ages aux environs de 380 a 362 Ma. On interprete ces donnees d 'age comme le reflet d'episodes hydrothermaux distincts avec un refroidissement rapide suite a la cristallisation des constituants filoniens. Ces donndes ne refletent ni un degre' variable de remise a ziro par des intrusions granitiques ultérieures, ni un refroidissement diachrone. On considere que les modeles genetiques interprétant la formation des veines de quartz auriferes comme precedent ou ayant eu lieu pendant le plissement majeur acadien, sont en contradiction avec les resultats actuels. En leur lieu, on favorise un modele qui interprete la formation des veines de quartz dans le contexte d'une transpression continue de la Laniere de M6guma a la suite d'un plissement et d'un metamorphisme régionaux.
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U-Pb geochronology of the Lime Hill gneissic complex, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
A. L. Sangster, P. A. Hunt and J. K. Mortensen
pp. 229–236
AbstractEN:
Low-grade metasedimentary rocks of Late Proterozoic age in the Bras d'Or Terrane of Cape Breton Island contain small areas of gneissic rocks which were previously undated. New U-Pb data indicate that the Lime Hill gneissic complex is the product of an Early Cambrian intrusive/metamorphic event Two intrusions at Lime Hill give similar ages which indicate that emplacement and deformation of foliated tonalitic orthogneiss were followed very quickly by intrusion of massive granitic dykes at about 540 to S4S Ma. U-Pb analyses of metamorphic monazite from the Lime Hill paragneiss indicate that these rocks last cooled through the closure temperature of the U-Pb system for monazite (650-700°C) at about 549 Ma. All zircon fractions analyzed from the tonalitic orthogneiss and granitic dyke contain older inherited zircons which yield an apparent age range of at least 1.4 to 23 Ga. The presence of an inherited monazite component may suggest that the rocks have been affected by an older metamorphic event and are in fact older than the Malagawatch Formation, as suggested by published ore lead isotopic values.
FR:
Des roches mltaseclimentaires faiblement me'tamorphisees d'ageproterozolque tardif et faisant partie de la Laniere de Bras d'Or (He du Cap Breton), renferment des Hots de roches gneissiques dont l'age n'avait pas encore 6t6 d6termin6. De nouvelles donnees U-Pb indiquent que le complexe gneissique de Lime Hill est le rlsultat d'un episode intrusif ou me'tamorphique datant du deimt du Cambrien. A Lime Hill, deux intrusions ont produit des ages semblables qui montrent que l'emplacement et la deformation d'un orthogneiss tonalitique furent suivis tres rapidement par l'intrusion de dykes granitiques massifs, il y a environ 540 a 545 Ma. Des analyses U-Pb d'une monazite mltamoiphique provenant du paragneiss de Lime Hill indiquent que le demier refroidissement de ces roches en deca de la temperature de cloture du systeme U-Pb pour la monazite, i.e. de 650 a 700°C, eut lieu vers 549 Ma. Toutes les portions de zircons extraites de l'orthogneiss tonalitique et du dyke granitique comprennent des zircons remanils qui donnent un age apparent dont la gamme s'£tend de 1.4 a 2.3 Ga. La presence d'une composante de monazite remaniee semble suggerer que les roches ont subi un Episode antirieur de me'tamorphisme, et indiquer que les roches sont en r^aliti plus vieilles que la Formation de Malagawatch, tel que sugger6 par les valeurs publi6es des isotopes du plomb du mineral.
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Implications of field relations and U-Pb geochronology for the age of gold mineralization and timing of Acadian deformation in northern New Brunswick
Steven R. McCutcheon and Mary Lou Bevier
pp. 237–246
AbstractEN:
In the Upsalquitch Forks area (NTS 21 O/10), penetratively deformed sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Silurian Chaleurs Group and Lower Devonian Dalhousie and Tobique groups were intruded by abundant syn- to post-tectonic dykes and plugs. The Mulligan Gulch porphyry, a hypabyssal felsic intrusion (with an extrusive component ?) emplaced in Upper Silurian sedimentary rocks, has yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 419 ± 1 Ma, whereas the Jerry Ferguson porphyry, a felsic intrusion that intruded Lower Devonian volcanic rocks, has yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 401 ± 1 Ma.
The above ages, combined with field relationships, permit the following conclusions: (1) felsic and mafic intrusions in the Upsalquitch Forks area are more or less coeval with volcanic rocks of the Chaleurs, Dalhousie and Tobique groups; (2) most gold occurrences in the area are genetically related to mafic intrusions and, therefore, formed in Late Silurian to Early Devonian time; (3) penetrative deformation in the area was predominantly a Silurian rather than a Devonian process and therefore was not Acadian sensu stricto; (4) Late Silurian to Early Devonian igneous activity occurred in a compressive, rather than an extensional, tectonic setting.
FR:
Dans la region d'Upsalquitch Forks (SNRC 21 O/10), les roches sldimentaires et volcaniques a deformation penetrative du Croupe de Chaleurs (Silurien) et des groupes de Dalhousie et deTobique (Devonien inferieur) sont recoupees par d'abondants dykes et culots syn- a post-tectoniques. Le porphyre de Mulligan Gulch, une intrusion felsique hypoabyssale (dotce d'une composante extrusive?) emplacee au sein de roches sldimentaires du Silurien superieur, a livre" un age U-Pb sur zircons de 419 ± 1 Ma. En revanche, le porphyre de Jerry Ferguson, une intrusion felsique au sein de volcanites du DeVonien infeiieur, a livre' un age U-Pb sur zircons de 401 ± 1 Ma.
Ces ages, combines aux relations observers sur le terrain, permettent de conclure que: (1) les intrusions felsiques et mafiques dans la region d'Upsalquitch sont plus ou moins synchrones des volcanites des groupes de Chaleurs, Dalhousie et Tobique; (2) la plupart des gites auriferes de cette region sont relief par leur genese aux intrusions mafiques et, par consequent, ils se sont formes du Silurien tardif au d£but du Devonien; (3) la deformation penetrative dans cette region eut lieu sur tout au Silurien plutot qu'au Devonien, et elle n'est done pas acadienne au sens strict; (4) l'activiti ign£e tardisilurienne a eodevonienne survint dans un regime tectonique de compression plutot que d'extension.
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40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb mineral ages from the Brookville Gneiss: implications for terrane analysis and evolution of Avalonian "basement" in southern New Brunswick
R. D. Dallmeyer, R. Doig, R. D. Nance and J. B. Murphy
pp. 247–257
AbstractEN:
New 40Ar/"Ar hornblende and U-Pb zircon data from units previously thought to represent basement to the Avalon composite terrane in southern New Brunswick yield latest Precambrian or early Cambrian metamorphic cooling ages and a late Precambrian protolith age. Hornblendes from the Brookville Gneiss and from an intrusive amphibolite body within the gneiss yield 40Ar/"Ar isotope correlation ages of 542 ± 4 and 338 ± 2 Ma, respectively. These ages are interpreted to date post-amphibolite facies metamorphic cooling. Euhedral zircons from the Point Pleasant orthogneiss, a quartz dioritic gneiss previously interpreted to be the oldest component of the Brookville Gneiss, show slight inheritance and yield 247Pb/206Pb ages ranging from 603 to 631 Ma. The youngest of these is interpreted to be a maximum age for the orthogneiss protolith.
These results, together with other recent U-Pb age data, conflict with previous interpretations of the Brookville Gneiss and the metasedimentary Green Head Group with which it is associated, as a mobilized Proterozoic basement-cover succession upon which an Avalonian ensialic arc developed at c. 600-633 Ma. Instead, the age of the orthogneiss matches that of the arc, and the orthogneiss protolith is likely to have been originally intrusive into the Green Head Group. Although the arc succession is unaffected by high-grade metamorphism, the metamorphic cooling age recorded in the "basement" closely follows evidence of within-arc extension at c. 330 Ma. Hence, the arc/"basement" contrasts in tectonothermal regime could be those of varying structural level within the Avalonian arc rather than requiring the proposed existence of entirely separate terranes.
FR:
De nouvelles donnees 40Ar/"Ar sur hornblendes et U-Pb sur zircons, issues d'unit£s consid£r£es jadis comme representant le socle de la Laniere composite d'Avalon au Nouveau-Brunswick meridional, ont livr6 des ages de refroidissement m£tamorphique finiprecambriens ou eocambriens ainsi qu'un age de protolithe tardipr&ambricn. Des hornblendes extraites du Gneiss de Brookville ont livre' un age de correlation isotopique par 40Ar/"Ar de 542 ± 4 Ma; d'autres, provenant d'un bad amphibolitique intrusif au sein du gneiss, ont livrd un age de 538 ± 2 Ma. On interprete ces ages comme datant le refroidissement m£tamorphique au-dela du facies a amphibolites. Des zircons idiomorphes provenant de l'orthogneiss de Point Pleasant, un gneiss quartzodioritique interpret auparavant comme le plus ancient constituant du Gneiss de Brookville, montrent un 16ger remaniement et livrent des ages 2O7Pb/20*Pb s'dtalant de 603 a 631 Ma. On interprete le plus jeune de ces ages comme l'age maximal du protolithe de l'orthogneiss.
Ces r£sultats, tout comme d'autres donnees U-Pbrecentes, contredisent les interpretations anteYieures consid£ranl le Gneiss de Brookville et le Groupe m£tas6dimentaire de Green Head, auquel il s'associe, comme une succession socle-couverture mobilised prot£rozoique sur laquelle un arc sialique avalonien s'est deVelopp6 il y a en v. 600 a 635 Ma. L'age de l'orthogneiss correspond plutot a celui de l'arc et il est probable que le protolithe de l'orthogneiss faisait a l'origine intrusion au sein du Groupe de Green Head. Bien que la succession d'arc n'ait subi aucun m^tamorphisme de degr£ 61eve\ l'age de refroidissement m£ tamorphique enregistrd dans le "socle" Concorde Itroitement avec la manifestation d 'une extension intra-arc vers 550 Ma. Par consequent, les contrastes de regime tectonothermique arc/"socle" pourraient refldter les variations du niveau structural au sein de l'arc avalonien plutot que necessiter l'existence proposee de lanieres tout a fait distinctes.
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Field relations, petrography, and age of plutonic units in the Saint John area of southern New Brunswick
Chris E. White, Sandra M. Barr, Mary Lou Bevier and Kevin A. Deveau
pp. 259–270
AbstractEN:
Intrusive rocks in the Saint John area of southern New Brunswick are divided into separate plutonic units based on field relations and rock type. The oldest intrusive rocks are granodioritic orthogneisses in the Brookville Gneiss that have an igneous crystallization age of ca. 60S Ma, and a metamorphic age of ca. 564 Ma. The metamorphic age of the orthogneiss provides an approximate maximum age for post-metamorphic plutons that range in composition from gabbro to granite. One of these, the Rockwood Park Granodiorite, has a U-Pb age of 538 ± 1 Ma. On the basis of field relations, the Rockwood Park Granodiorite occupies an intermediate position in the intrusive sequence of plutons in the Saint John area. We therefore speculate that these plutons are mainly Cambrian rather than Precambrian as has been generally assumed.
FR:
On divise les roches intrusives de la region de Saint Jean (Nouveau-Brunswick meridional) en unites plutoniques distinctes basees sur les relations de terrain et sur le type de roche. Les plus vieilles roches intrusives sont des orthogneiss granodioritiques au sein du Gneiss de Brookville, dotis d'un age de cristallisation ignee d'environ 605 Ma et d'un age metamorphique d'environ 564 Ma. L'age metamorphique de 1'orthogneiss foumit un age maximal approximate pour des plutons postm£tamorphiques dont la composition s'etale des gabbros aux granites. Parmi ceux-ci, la Granodiorite de Rockwood Park a un age U-Pb de 538 ± 1 Ma. D'apres les relations de terrain, la Granodiorite de Rockwood Park occupe une position intermediaire au sein de la sequence intrusive de plutons dans la region de Saint Jean. On presume done que ces plutons sont en grande partie cambriens et non pas precambriens comme le voulait l'opinion generate.
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Revised stratigraphy of the Cookson Group of southwestern New Brunswick and adjacent Maine
L. R. Fyffe and J. Riva
pp. 271–275
AbstractEN:
The Ordovician Cookson Group in southwestern New Brunswick is divided into formations previously recognized in the adjacent area of Maine. However, the stratigraphic order of these formations is revised based on new fossil evidence. From the base upward, the revised Cookson Group comprises the Calais, Woodland, Pocomoonshine Lake, and Kendall Mountain formations; the latter formation contains newly discovered Caradocian graptolites.
The Digdeguash Formation, previously assigned to the Silurian, is now included in the Cookson Group, and is considered to be equivalent to the Woodland and Pocomoonshine Lake formations on the basis of lithological similarities. The contact between the Digdeguash Formation and the Silurian Flume Ridge Formation, previously interpreted to be gradational, is a major fault
FR:
Le Groupe de Cookson du sud-ouest du Nouveau-Brunswick est divise' en formations a deja que Ton identifiers dans la region adjacente du Maine. Cependant l'ordre stratigraphique de ces formations a 616 r&visi. suite a la decouverte d'un nouveau site fossilifere. A partir du bas, le Groupe de Cookson revise' comprend les formations de Calais, Woodland, Pocomoonshine Lake et de Kendall Mountain; cette demiere contient des graptolites nouvellement decouverts appartenant a l'Ordovicien moyen (Caradocien).
La Formation de Digdeguash, anterieurement considdree comme faisant partie du Silurien, est maintenant int^gree au Groupe de Cookson. La Formation de Digdeguash represente un fades similaire a celui des formations Woodland et Pocomoonshine Lake. La zone de contact entre la Formation de Digdeguash et la Formation de Flume Ridge, d'age silurien, anterieurement considered comme graduelle est, en effet, une fait importante.
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Structural trends and basement rock subdivisions in the western Gulf of St. Lawrence: Discussion
Clinton J. St. Peter and Leslie R. Fyffe
pp. 277–279
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Structural trends and basement rock subdivisions in the western Gulf of St Lawrence: Reply
P. Durling and F. Marilliner
pp. 281–284
Abstracts
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CERR Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University: Geology of Labrador February 16, 1990
pp. 285–292
AbstractEN:
The Centre for Earth Resources Research (CERR) in conjunction with the Labrador Section, Geological Survey Branch, Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy held a one-day meetingontheGeology of Labrador on February 16,1990. This session was part of the activities planned to celebrate the opening of the new Alexander Murray building.
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1990 Atlantic Universities Geological Conference: Abstracts November 1-4, 1990
pp. 293–296
AbstractEN:
Again this year, abstracts from the annual Atlantic Universities Geological Conference are published in "Atlantic Geology." This provides a permanent record of the abstracts, and also focuses attention on the excellent quality of and interesting and varied science in these presentations.
Index
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Year-End Author Index
pp. 297–302
Acknowledgment
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Reviewers - Volume 26
R. K. Pickerill
p. 309