Documents found
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171.More information
Considered one of the main drivers of economic development of a country, the young innovative technological ventures (YITV) are responsible for the introduction of new technologies, exploring business opportunities and the creation of markets for the future.In spite of the considerable interest carried in the performance of YITV (Jiao et al., 2013 ; Chen, 2009 ; Song et al., 2008), research on the determinants have instead adopted a contingency approach that gestalt, while many studies underline the relevance of this latter perspective is to integrate various elements into a holistic approach (Ketchen, Thomas and Snow, 1993 ; Harms et al., 2009 ; Witmeur and Biga Diambeidou, 2010) so as to overcome the conflicts of the contingent approach related to the analysis of a multitude of bivariate relationships (Henninger-Vacher, 1999 ; 2000).The purpose of this research thus is to contribute to a better understanding of the performance of the YITV by the proposal of a gestaltist modeling which joins within the framework of the configurationnel approach. To reach there, a quantitative survey was led with a sample of 95 YITV of the software sector in France. The conclusions of this work can then constitute a key for reading allowing to give an instructive perspective on the privileged ways of the performance of the YITV and to be the object, for the practitioners, of reflections and complementary analyses in their practices even of development of a decision-making tool aimed at the entrepreneurs.
Keywords: Jeune entreprise technologique innovante, Performance, Gestalt, Configuration, Taxonomie, Young innovative technological ventures, Performance, Gestalt, Configuration, Taxonomy, Empresa joven innovadora tecnología, Rendimiento, Gestalt, Configuración, Taxonomía
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172.More information
Is there necessarily a fundamental antagonism in the relation between nuclear law and environmental law? One often has the impression that the persistent reticence towards nuclear energy in many circles results in undermining the credibility of the rules governing the use of this source of energy. The lasting memory of Chernobyl – as the archetypal environmental catastrophe – does not help of course. This perception is not only unfair – which is irrelevant – it is factually and conceptually wrong since the very purpose of the international and national nuclear law, as lex specialis, is to ensure that the many applications of nuclear energy are carried out in a manner which is safe for the public and the environment. When studying nuclear law, one is naturally inclined to compare it with the younger but quickly expanding sphere of environmental laws, and wonder to what extent the latter overlaps or may even eventually absorb the former, considering that the finality of both branches is, to a certain degree, identical and that they share many of the same legal tools. Indeed, through what might be qualified as “cross-fertilization process”, each branch has borrowed principles and concepts from the other (traceability of nuclear material, polluter pays principle, etc.). However, an area where nuclear law still has some ways to go, whereas environmental law excels, is in promoting values of transparency and public participation in activities where the decision-making process has long been left to the “experts”. This is an important challenge, especially at a time when industries and governments speak of nuclear renaissance.
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173.More information
The purpose of this article is to develop a new approach of the current discussion on the insurance on the “new risks”. It makes a point on the notions of risk and uncertainty in order to propose an alternative interpretation of this new risks universe. The article then goes on to evaluate the insurability criteria in uncertainty and studies the question of the emerging financial tools to cover large scale ambiguous risks. Lastly, it concludes by defining an “uncertainty management”and lays the foundations of an economic theory of insurability in such context.
Keywords: Incertitude, risques catastrophiques, assurance, mutualisation, principede précaution, développement durable, Uncertainty, catastrophic risks, insurance, mutualization, precautionnary principle, sustainable development
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175.More information
Different activities and different growth strategies of firm can represent the biotech-nology industry. These strategies will have an impact on the property structure and the quality of the capital suppliers, therefore on the government mechanisms to set up firms. One goes from governance linked to entrepreneurial firms, with classical informations, to a dynamic governance system (anticipation of the sequentiality of the different phases of the research) in which the firm is dependent on the financings at every step. Quality informations, notably regarding to the research development, are then determining. The numerous biotechnology firms, without turnover and with less than fifty employees, rise from the small and medium enterprise with a separation process of the control rights and of management, and opening the capital favoring the right transferability.
Keywords: Gouvernement d'entreprise, Entreprises de biotechnologies, Stratégies de croissance, Structures de propriété, Moyenne entreprise
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178.More information
AbstractThe paper tests the hypothesis that a country's net performance in its bilateral trade in differentiated products is determined by 1) "revealed" comparative advantage defined for the industry, in accordance with its conceptual basis, and 2) specific factors related to the country, whose benefit to the industry may be viewed as exploitation of economies of scope.Our empirical findings suggest that influence of specific factors could alter somewhat effects of comparative advantage, but the latters still remain dominant in the long run.
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