Documents found
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1031.More information
In sixteenth-century France, the triumphal entry was closely tied to the notion of collective memory. This article defines the concept of collective memory as it is articulated in sixteenth-century texts, retraces the history of the relationship between this notion and the triumphal entry, and, in analyzing several texts tied to entry ceremonies, explores how such texts address triumphal entries’ role in the production of collective memory—as opposed to its preservation, which is the typical focus in discussions of the relationship between collective memory and historiographical or poetic works during this period.
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1033.More information
In search of a better image, Russia has created a whole arsenal of soft power since the mid-2000s according to a Western model. However, the impact of these tools was limited: the image of Russia continues to be tarnished by the absence of an attractive model and by the priority it continues to give to military force and methods of influence, far from being “soft”. Since the annexation of Crimea, these latter tools have been considerably strengthened, further degrading the image of Russia. However, part of the international audience, including among Western elites and populations, was seduced by the vigor of the new Russian posture and the assertive political leadership of Vladimir Putin. Russian foreign policy, backed by powerful information tools, is at the heart of the new image of Russia which values its otherness, the legitimacy of its action and the central role in the most important international issues.
Keywords: Russie, soft power, diplomatie publique, influence, image, perception, Russia, soft power, public diplomacy, influence, image, perception
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1034.More information
In this study, we address the problem of sexual harassment and abuse amongst Canada's high performance athletes. Research done in Canada and the United Kingdom has shown that sexual harassment and abuse remain serious problems in sport. For example, in 1993, Canadian athletes appeared on national television to talk about their sexual abuse experiences in three popular sports: rowing, volleyball and swimming. These revelations sent shock waves through the Canadian sport system. National sport organizations quickly began to look for ways to address sexual harassment and abuse by creating ways to protect their athletes. Results of this national study clearly indicate that sexual harassment and abuse are major problems for participants in organized sport in Canada. We conclude with an analysis both of why such violence occurs within the context of sport and of its persistance in modern sport.
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1035.More information
Multi-stakeholder cooperatives (MSC), a relatively recent organizational form in the cooperative environment, are cooperatives that include in their governance more than one category of members. After a short overview of the cooperative model and the distinctive features of MSC, we present the various roles realized by supporting members in helping the development of the organization. Our empirical research allowed us to find four main roles of supporting members : supply resources (human, intellectual, material and financial), influence the future of the cooperative, strengthen the links between the cooperative and its community and finally, be a source of legitimacy for the cooperative, as an embodiment of the social aspect of the mission. These roles are usually described in positive terms by the respondents, which illustrate the support provided to the entrepreneurial development of these organizations. In the discussion section, we highlight the results of our research in the light of the traditional cooperative venture, the stakeholders' theory and the resource dependency theory. In sum, this article presents the kind of support to entrepreneurship specific to the distinctive model of MSC.
Keywords: Coopérative, Coopérative multisociétaire, Membre de soutien, Entrepreneuriat collectif, Parties prenantes, Cooperative, Multi-stakeholder cooperative, Supporting member, Collective entrepreneurship, Stakeholders, Cooperativa, Cooperativa multisocietaria, Miembro de apoyo, Emprendimiento colectivo, Partes interesadas
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1037.More information
This paper examines the asymmetries between the actors in the implementation of the local circular economy (CE) project in the Municipalité Régionale de Comté (MRC) of Kamouraska, in the administrative region of Bas-Saint-Laurent (Quebec, Canada). Based on 40 semi-structured interviews with 26 stakeholders, we analyze the actors’ positions in the network through their resources and skills, their knowledge and their roles. The results underscore two main asymmetrical relationships in the actor network. The first refers to a form of local sovereignty of a territorial actor for the development of the CE project in Kamouraska. The second is characterized by the existence of at least three actor sub-ecosystems with differences of importance in network functioning and local CE implementation. Therefore, our results emphasize the necessity to consider the asymmetries between actors in the transition to CE. To this end, we highlight new trajectories of actions to minimize the negative externalities of actor asymmetries in local CE experiments.
Keywords: Économie circulaire, Circular Economy, territoire, territory, acteurs, actors, réseau, network, asymétries, asymmetries
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1039.More information
The literary tradition has preserved three Artes Rhetoricae written for the last of the Valois kings, who reigned in France under the name of Henry III from 1574 to 1589. These three texts are Jacques Davy Du Perron's Avant-discours de rhetorique, ou Traitté de l'eloquence, Jacques Amyot's Projet de l'eloquence royale, and Germain Forget's Rhetorique françoise faicte particulierement pour le roy Henry 3. All three very likely originated as academic speeches pronounced at the Louvre, in the presence of Henry III, in the final sessions of the Palace Academy during the summer of 1579. This article offers a re-reading of the three treatises in order to situate them in the history of rhetoric. It aims to show how each author collects and presents teachings of the principal rhetorical traditions. Thus, Du Perron, inspired mainly by Quintilian and Cicero, proposes a kind of abridged version of the rhetorical thought of Latin Antiquity. Amyot, for his part, puts forth a synthesis of ancient Greek rhetorical theory starting with Plutarch, Dyonisius of Halicarnassus and Demetrius of Phalerus. Germain Forget provides an account of Renaissance innovations, by adopting the nomenclature of Peter Ramus under the rubric of elocutio. The objective of this essay is to shed light on the complementary nature of the three treatises, as well as to suggest a probable order in which they were presented to the King, following a logical gradation from the most general to the most specific.