Documents found
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94.More information
Anthropological theory has always been subject to the encounter with important social movements. The social radicalization in the seventies led to the emergence of a Marxist inspired anthropology, then to a feminist anthropology. Presently the rise of indigenous movements is accompanied by the elaboration of increase in auto-ethnography, by members of an educated native youth. Each in its own way, these three trends all contribute to a critique of anthropology.
Keywords: anthropologie critique, auto-ethnographie, féminisme, Maseualmej, Mexique, critical anthropology, auto-ethnography, feminism, Maseualmej, Mexico, antropología crítica, auto-etnografía, feminismo, Maseualmej, México
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95.More information
In Totemism (1962, in French Totemism Today) Lévi-Strauss was convinced to achieve and close one of the major controversies in anthropology (and anthropology of religion) on a conceptual category whose consistency and transcultural relevance have been harshly discussed. The pioneer of structuralism in anthropology made a significant shift from an approach focusing on the alleged universal features of totemic cults, toward the structural analysis of classification properties and dualist organizations. He consequently discredited the issue of totemism and attempted to dissolve the concept itself. But almost half a century after the first edition, Totemism did not actually remove from the main concept « totemism » its heuristic potential. This paper finally points at some of the new uses of a concept the rebirth of which is discreet, but meaningful.
Keywords: Obadia, totémisme, Lévi-Strauss, structuralisme, catégories, animisme, Obadia, Totemism, Lévi-Strauss, Structuralism, Categories, Animism, Obadia, totemismo, Lévi-Strauss, estructuralismo, categorías, animismo
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96.More information
Tim Ingold reveals the general lines of an anthropology which stems from the sensitive experience of wandering. Aesthetics has a meaningful and relevant function, whereas biological paradigms allow this anthropology to emerge beyond the separation between nature and culture. It is possible to understand Ingold's works as a continuation of the theory of culture defined by Ernst Cassirer and Aby Warburg as the anthropology of man in motion, thanks to new ethnological fields and new discoveries in biology. Ingold blends the theory of the living beings with the theory of culture. This combination presupposes to highlight the dynamical transformation of shapes, which means to renew the morphological approach. Why does the ethnological interpretation of « works of art », which are artistic creations as much as cultural documents, take a central place in this anthropology ? If phenomenology is fundamentally related to anthropology, the anthropology of art becomes decisive, because art reveals the paradigms that make this articulation possible. To a certain extend, we witness today this aesthetical turning point in anthropology.
Keywords: Van Vliet, Cassirer, Merleau-Ponty, Ingold, incorporation, formes symboliques, morphologie, Van Vliet, Cassirer, Merleau-Ponty, Ingold, Incorporation, Symbolic Forms, Morphology, Van Vliet, Cassirer, Merleau-Ponty, Ingold, incorporación, formas simbólicas, morfología
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98.More information
Disasters and catastrophes are cultural facts, they are created by our practices, our convictions and our collective aspirations. Anthropology of catastrophes is a pertinent disciplinary field for studying disasters and catastrophes that will be more present in our future. This article presents research interests and main notions of this anthropology. We are demonstrating how our occidental cultures construct disasters and catastrophes as events and how these cultural constructions are insufficient for a real understanding of our future.
Keywords: Anthropologie, catastrophe, désastre, événement, culture, Anthropology, Catastrophe, Disaster, Event, Culture