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The United Kingdom should reform its energy model, to prepare for the depletion of natural resources and to meet environmental issues. Since the early 2000s, successive governments have initiated several strategies: development of renewable energies, nuclear revival and process towards the exploitation of shale gas. In addition to contradictions and shifts in the political approach, developments in the UK energy model are confronted with internal geopolitical issues. Indeed, the energy infrastructure projects almost always cause conflicts, now a classic phenomenon in planning process. However, energy issues also exacerbate tensions and rivalries between territories. They thus reveal specific identity, social and political divides in the United Kingdom, a multinational State. The transition to another energy model appears even more complex it is confronted with both technical and financial aspects, but also with these internal geopolitical issues.

Keywords: énergie, gaz de schiste, énergie nucléaire, énergie éolienne, conflit d'aménagement, géopolitique interne, Royaume-Uni, energy, shale gas, nuclear power, wind power, environmental conflicts, geopolitics issues, United Kingdom

P.N. Savitsky (1895-1968) was a Russian pioneer of the so-called "structural geography", because of its links with the Prague linguistic circle. He was the first to propose, during and after World War I, a geopolitical vision of "Eurasia", an entity which, according to its advocates, is neither Europe nor Asia, but the "place of development" of the Russian Empire and the USSR, successor of the Mongol Empire. The "Eurasia" trend finds its origin in the Russian cultural tradition, which provides it an interpretation of evolution with "internal laws" and "external influences" establishing a natural link between language, culture and Landschaft of peoples, considered as living organisms. The second origin is an original usage of the geographical method of his time. It consists of underlining the definition of "cores" to build up "structures", delimited by the overlapping of natural or human isolines.

Keywords: Eurasie, géopolitique, linguistique, structures, P.N. Savitsky, Eurasia, geopolitics, linguistics, structures, P.N. Savitsky

The placing of the climate issue on the international agenda has consecrated the climate not only as a major subject of international policy, but also as a geoeconomic resource through the advantages that climate governance instruments enshrine. In this particular cooperative framework, African mobilization in the face of climate change has experienced a seesaw evolution according to regional representations vis-à-vis the global governance system and endogenous concerns considered vital for the continent. This article aims to analyze the dynamics of African positioning on the climate issue. It defends the idea that for a long time remained on the sidelines of these global forums, Africa is now seeking to assert itself with regard to its vulnerability and its relatively low level of emissions. Attached to its development trajectory, the imperative of safeguarding the climate after a phase of apprehension takes on the meaning of capitalizing on the opportunities of this international governance. The UN climate arenas are for it, a privileged space for the defense of its interests, giving rise to a singular dynamic of positioning.

Keywords: Négociations, climat, développement, intérêt, Afrique, Groupe de négociateurs africains, Negotiations, climate, development, interest, Africa, African Group of Negotiators

Keywords: techno-scientifique

Through the analysis of the approaches adopted by the various administrations which succeeded one another in Washington between 1977 and 2020, this article aims to demonstrate that, despite occasional and cyclical periods of cooling, the White House's policy towards the Islamic Republic is, to a large extent, characterized by a perennial and binary logic of “neutralization-negotiations”. In doing so, this study seeks to show that Washington's policy of maximum pressure adopted since 2017, while constituting a break in form, remains consistent with the long-term efforts invested by the different administrations which preceded that of President Trump.

Keywords: États-Unis, politique étrangère, Iran, Trump, United States, foreign policy, Iran, Trump

L'aménagement du territoire qui permet de délimiter un territoire, tant spatialement, en fixant des frontières d'intervention, que par l'usage qui y est appliqué, est fondamentalement un objet géopolitique. Cette pratique est donc sujette à des conflits entre les différents acteurs qui la mettent en place ou, au contraire, la contestent. Ce problème est particulièrement prégnant dans le cas du Silo no 5, puisque cette ancienne infrastructure industrielle du vieux port de Montréal fait l'objet d'un débat quant à son réaménagement depuis plus de vingt ans. Il s'agit donc dans ce travail de recherche d'étudier l'aménagement sous l'angle de la géopolitique, c'est-à-dire de comprendre comment les conflits et les rapports de force ont influencé l'orientation et l'avancée des différents projets élaborés pour la mise en valeur …

Cette thèse analyse la dimension géopolitique des ressources naturelles présentes sur le territoire de la RDP lao. Elle ambitionne de mettre en lumière les raisons, les acteurs et les effets sur les territoires riches en ressources, et d’analyser les interactions externes et internes entre les différents acteurs, ainsi que les discours et les représentations qui les accompagnent et les soutiennent. Elle vise donc à rendre lisible l’exploitation des ressources naturelles en identifiant les motifs et les interactions des acteurs. Autrement dit, il s’agit ici de mettre en évidence un ensemble de déterminations dans les choix géopolitiques des acteurs locaux, nationaux et internationaux d’un phénomène d’appropriation et de développement qui se déploie sur le territoire laotien. L’originalité de ce travail réside dans le fait qu’il constitue …