Documents found
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2461.More information
Air pollution is a major environmental nuisance in West African cities. Rapid urbanization with uncontrolled sprawl and an increase in cars within the city contribute to increasing air pollution levels. This study aims to meet two main objectives: identify the environmental characteristics that significantly influence the nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter concentrations and produce maps predicting the concentration levels of these pollutants for the entire road network of Abidjan. Extensive data collection was carried out with bicycles equipped with mobile sensors in December 2021 (920 kilometers and 71 hours). The results of the generalized additive models demonstrate the very important role of the road environment: the concentrations of the three pollutants are systematically higher on highways, primary, secondary and tertiary roads compared to residential streets. The prediction maps show very different spatial patterns for nitrogen dioxide versus particulate matter.
Keywords: Pollution de l'air, exposition, modèles généralisés additifs, modèles bayésiens, statistique bayésienne, Abidjan, Air pollution, exposure, generalized additive models, bayesian statistics, Abidjan, Contaminación del aire, exposición, modelos generalizados aditivos, modelos bayesianos, estadística bayesiana, Abijan
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2462.More information
Dans l'actuel panorama du réchauffement climatique, comprendre comment les changements environnementaux affectent le cycle de développement des plantes est l'un des principaux défis de la viticulture. L'accumulation de degrés-jours (DJ), un facteur influencé par le climat, est l'un des principaux facteurs influençant la phénologie des plantes et, par conséquent, le développement des baies pendant le cycle reproductif de la plante. Cependant, l'impact du schéma d'accumulation des degrés-jours pendant cette période demeure peu connu. Nous avons posé l'hypothèse que différents schémas d'accumulation des DJ impliquant des hausses de température induites pendant des périodes correspondant à différents stades de développement pourraient modifier la phénologie de développement des fruits, les voies métaboliques associées à certaines périodes clés du développement sigmoïde des baies de raisin et finalement modifier le …
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2465.More information
The need for higher education in Africa to adopt a more active, constructivist and socioconstructivist pedagogy seems to be a consensus. However, certain specificities of the African educational context, such as the large numbers of learners, appear to be an obstacle to this type of pedagogy. Also, tools such as electronic voting boxes (VEBs), which are likely to improve student participation in lectures, offer an opportunity for universities, especially in a particular African context. If BVE are factors of interactivity in teaching, do they promote learning? This quantitative research tries to understand the uses made of BVE in the context of 2IE and the perception of students on its effectiveness for learning.
Keywords: évaluation, boîtiers de vote électronique (BVE), grands groupes ; 2IE, pédagogie active, Burkina-Faso, evaluation, electronic voting keypads (BVE), large groups; 2IE, active pedagogy, Burkina Faso
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2468.
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2469.More information
In this article the new version of the OFCE quarterly macroeconomic model of the French economy is presented. This model is used both for forecasts and economic policy analyses. The model basicallly of the neo-keynesian type, is desaggregating the economy into five sectors and six products. First the overall model properties are described, then a set of ten standard simulations is released, covering areas of domestic policy as well as changes in the external environment.
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2470.More information
Within a few years, the concept of proximity has emerged and has been given a central, linking role in a new range of contributions led at the frontier between industrial economics and spatial economics. The interest raised by the concept may however be overcome by its polysemous aspect. It would thus be necessary to clarify the contents as well as the relevance of the concept of proximity. In order to attempt and tackle those questions, the paper focuses on one framework at the frontier between industrial economics and spatial economics -the analysis of technological and territorial interactions- within which the concept of proximity has emerged. In this perspective, we suggest that the dimensions of proximity stressed as well as the relevance of the concept are relative to the kind of approach employed for the analysis of technological and territorial interactions.