Documents found
-
24942.
-
24943.
-
24946.
-
24947.More information
This paper reviews and summarizes the available literature on Haitian mental health and mental health services. This review was conducted in light of the Haitian earthquake in January 2010. We searched Medline, Google Scholar and other available databases to gather scholarly literature relevant to mental health in Haiti. This was supplemented by consultation of key books and grey literature relevant to Haiti. The first part of the review describes historical, economic, sociological and anthropological factors essential to a basic understanding of Haiti and its people. This includes discussion of demography, family structure, Haitian economics and religion. The second part of the review focuses on mental health and mental health services. This includes a review of factors such as basic epidemiology of mental illness, common beliefs about mental illness, explanatory models, idioms of distress, help-seeking behavior, configuration of mental health services and the relationship between religion and mental health.
-
24948.More information
Following serious flooding in the 1970s, Hamilton, Ontario politicians and planners sought to transform the Burlington Beach area into a recreational parkland. This dream was not a new one. One hundred years earlier, Hamilton social and political leaders also had envisioned the area, with its fine lakeside beaches and scenic bayside shoreline, as a recreational area. In the 1870s they consciously took control of this small fishing and farming community, contending that the area should be preserved for "the health and welfare of the people." The people, it turned out, were well-to-do residents eager to create a private summer refuge from the heat, dirt, and people of an industrializing city. Within a generation, however, city residents of more modest means challenged "the aristocratic seclusion" of the beach, and successfully struggled to create beaches and parks that would be open to a wider public. Not for long. Within another generation, the beach strip ceased to be an attractive recreational area. Working Hamiltonians saw it as a site for relatively inexpensive housing, and expanded the private residential community. They helped to build the unique community that would frustrate a new generation of recreational promoters in the 1970s. Residents of the community had inherited the private property claims and rights that city politicians had fostered in the area since the 1870s, and forced politicians and planners of the 1970s and 1980s to adopt an alternative vision of the beach strip.This paper traces the struggle of social groups to create and enforce their vision of the beach, a struggle that was in turn shaped by the particular urban and industrial development of the Hamilton region between the 1870s and 1980s. The environmental transformation of this strip of land, and the degradation of the waters surrounding it, affected the ways in which social groups perceived the beach and the purposes it might serve. Its history provides insights into the interaction of leisure, class, and the environment in an industrial city.
-
24949.
-
24950.More information
The local conventions can be defined as justifiable agreements negotiated between several stakeholders in a perspective of natural and environmental resources regulation - in terms of control, access, appropriation, usage and exploitation. In Sahel, although they are fashionable and enjoy more attention at the decision-makers, these instruments are still poorly considered in the current context of the decentralization (Diallo, 2003), like plans of occupation and affectation of grounds (POAS) experimented in the valley of the Senegal River. The aim of this paper is to question, from a survey led in a rural district with elected representatives, with technicians, with associative persons in charge and with users, the impact of this informal system, although formalized, of joint land management. The POAS, contributed to strengthen the capacities of the local elected representatives to act in their space, and farmers users to deliberate collectively on a stake so crucial as the agropastoral land tax. It was not however the object of an effective appropriation on behalf of these elected representatives in charge of its application, and these supposed users to follow the agreed operational rules. Between empowerment and problem of appropriation, the local conventions are left by tools necessary for a management shared by the common resources, and thus for a strengthened local governance.
Keywords: décentralisation, conventions locales, gestion des ressources naturelles, plan d'occupation et d'affectation des sols, autonomisation, problème d'appropriation, Decentralization, local conventions, natural resources management, plan of occupation and affectation of grounds, empowerment, problem of appropriation