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This study investigates the relation between CEO's behavior and the decision of voluntary disclosure. Theory of planned behavior presents an interesting theoretical framework to predict an individual's intention to engage in a behavior at a specific time and place. We surveyed 70.9 % of CEOs in Tunis Stock Exchange listed companies. Crossing CEOs psychosocial factors and their intention to disclose, results reveal first that voluntary information depends on the free will and attitudes of CEOs. Second, social variable has no influence on CEOs' intention to communicate. Finally, depending on the information to communicate, their perception of control may influence the disclosure decision.

Keywords: Divulgation volontaire, dirigeant, marché émergent, théorie du comportement planifié, intention, voluntary disclosure, CEOs, emergent markets, theory of planned behavior, intention, divulgación voluntaria, consejeros delegados, mercados emergentes, teoría del comportamiento planificado, intención

The scientific literature provides various ways of explaining the influence of cultural differences on the management of organizations. Three main positions may be distinguished : universalistic, contingent and interpretativist. Based on the in-depth analysis of a Beninese company exporting its products to Europe, we explore the extent to which the latter position can help to understand how African organizations may achieve sustainable performances. In our analysis, the combination of Western and local cultural components does not guarantee, as such, efficacy; a much more relevant explanation refers to the way in which managers can reduce, thanks to a genuine translation work, the dependencies of the organization vis-à-vis its various environments.

Keywords: Afrique, dépendance, interculturel, interprétativisme, performance, traduction, Africa, dependence, intercultural, interpretativism, performance, translation, África, dependencia, intercultural, interpretativismo, rendimiento, traducción

This research identifies the Chinese Confucian cultural values through the 45 personal values of the Schwartz Value Survey. The empirical approach is based on six qualitative interviews and a final administration of 1674 questionnaires in China. The 45 personal values position correctly according to the theoretical structure of Schwartz. The prevailing personal values are Confucian and collectivistic in nature. Also, Chinese women are more Confucian than Chinese men. Finally, the young generation prefers more and more Western and individualistic values. In terms of managerial implications, we provide recommendations for marketing and HRM in China.

Keywords: Valeurs culturelles, Valeurs confucéennes, Chine, Schwartz Value Survey, enquête quantitative, politique marketing et gestion des ressources humaines, Cultural Values, Confucian Values, China, Schwartz Value Survey, quantitative survey, marketing strategy and HRM, valores culturales, valores confucianos, China, Schwartz Value Survey, encuesta cuantitativa, estrategia de marketing y gestión de recursos humanos

This paper analyses the respective place of subsidized versus non-subsidized R&D cooperation within the strategy of technological agreements of companies. We argue that additional resources provided by government subsidies foster the creation of ambidextrous co-operation agreement portfolios. Subsidized co-operations tend to be more exploratory than the latter, which are closer to exploitation activities. We formulate a series of theoretical propositions which differentiate the two types of agreements from one another according to two distinct organizational logics in terms of incentive, coordination and learning mechanisms. The set of propositions are then challenged by analysing them with the EDF R&D partnership strategy.

Keywords: Coopération, R&D, Stratégie, Subvention, Ambidextrie, Cooperation, R&D, Strategy, Subsidy, Ambidexterity, cooperación, I+D, estrategia, subvención, ambidiestro

This article examines, in the French Competitiveness Cluster policy context, the aborted attempt to create a wine cluster in Bordeaux. The failure is here analyzed as an inhibitor versus a trigger of learning. Very few studies deal with this topic in the industrial clusters field, in which the stress is largely put on success, in theory as well as in practice. Going beyond the binary view of failure, we propose a third way, a dynamic created despite failure, without any questioning of the project's outline. This enables us to underline the conditions in which such a learning process can occur.

Keywords: apprentissage, cluster, échec, pôle de compétitivité, vin, cluster, competitiveness cluster, learning, wine, aprendizaje, cluster, fracaso, polo de competitividad, vino

This paper strives to identify the barriers to Organizational Innovations (OI). Through six case studies of French manufacturing firms which have adopted an OI such as Lean Management, I gather multi-actor perceptions on the barriers to OI, and distinguish the different phases of this process. The results obtained provide a ranking of barriers and highlight that internal ones, particularly those linked to human resources, are the most important, even more than costs of innovation and difficulties in funding. I show that barriers can become “managerial stimulants” and dress some recommendations for firms and public actors who support OI projects.

Keywords: Barrières à l'innovation, Innovation Organisationnelle, Lean Management, Barriers to innovation, Organizational innovation, Lean management, Barreras a la innovación, Innovación organizacional, Lean Management

While companies based on the capitalist model have difficulty to satisfy current social expectations, those of the Social Sector are naturally inclined to. But, this second model has a cost and social enterprises suffer from a deficit of means to finance what make their specificity. They thus organize themselves in network to bring a collective response to their markets. Considering the importance of this added value, particularly in the context of a sustainable economy, the governance devices of these companies are directly put in contribution to favor the emergence of collective networks within the Social Sector. The objective is to build partnerships which, forward, will generate a social capital for all the organizations. That is what tries to show the author in this qualitative research based on the examples of three social enterprises of the french insurance sector.

Keywords: entreprise sociale, Responsabilité Sociétale d'Entreprise (RSE), réseau sociétal, gouvernance, parties prenantes, social enterprise, CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility), social network, corporate governance, stakeholders, empresa social, Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa (RSE), red social, gobernanza, partes interesadas