Résumés
Résumé
L’intervention comportementale intensive (ICI) pour les jeunes enfants présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme est identifiée comme une pratique basée sur des données probantes (PBDP). Elle a été implantée en 2003 dans les services publics québécois à la suite d’une orientation donnée par le ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. Les écrits scientifiques mentionnent clairement les défis des milieux de pratique à implanter, à grande échelle, les PBDP dans les services courants, tout comme la nécessité d’en modifier certains éléments afin de les adapter aux contextes réels d’intervention dans lesquels elles s’implantent. Ce projet vise à documenter l’implantation de l’ICI à partir des représentations des intervenants en ce qui concerne les composantes essentielles de la fidélité de l’ICI, ainsi que des adaptations jugées favorables à sa mise en oeuvre. Ce travail s’inscrit dans le courant des recherches basées sur la pratique en utilisant le savoir des cliniciens comme source d’informations. Les propos de dix intervenants d’un établissement québécois ont été analysés en considérant les cinq dimensions du modèle de Dane et Schneider (1998) pour évaluer la fidélité d’implantation de programmes proposées : l’adhésion, le dosage, la qualité, la participation et la différenciation. Les résultats indiquent que les intervenants ont mis en place l’ICI en regard des caractéristiques essentielles, mais que certaines adaptations ont été effectuées pour favoriser son implantation dans le contexte réel d’un service de réadaptation.
Mots-clés :
- Intervention comportementale intensive,
- trouble spectre autisme,
- fidélité,
- implantation,
- adaptations,
- pratique basée sur des données probantes
Abstract
Early intensive behavioral intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders has been identified as an evidence-based practice (EBP). As such, the program Intensive Behavioral Intervention (IBI) was implemented in 2003 in Quebec public services following a direction given by the Ministry of Health and Social Services. The scientific literature clearly mentions the challenges of practical settings to implement EBP in mainstream services on a large scale, as well as the need to modify some of their components to adapt them to the actual intervention contexts in which they are implemented. This project aims to document the implementation of the IBI based on practitioners’s representations of the essential components of the IBI’s fidelity, as well as adaptations deemed favorable to a better fit to their context. This work is in line with practice-based research using clinicians’ knowledge as a source of information. The comments of ten practitioners from a Quebec rehabilitation center were analyzed by considering the five dimensions of Dane and Schneider’s (1998) model to assess the fidelity of implementation of proposed programs: adherence, dosage, quality, participation and differentiation. The results indicate that the practitioners have implemented the IBI with respect to the essential characteristics, but that some adaptations have been made to facilitate its implementation in the real context of a rehabilitation service.
Keywords:
- Intensive behavioral intervention,
- autism spectrum disorders,
- implementation,
- fidelity,
- evidence-based practice,
- adaptations
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