Documents found
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2431.More information
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in the connections between social and digital inequalities in schools has increased, but research exploring their linguistic dimension remains scarce. Drawing on a thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts from 22 semi-structured interviews conducted with Francophone teachers from schools across Ontario from March to June 2020, our study highlights how students in grades 4 to 8 experience inequalities in access (e.g., frequency and diversity of tools); skills (e.g., opportunities for learning and support at school and at home); and digital empowerment (e.g., confidence to film oneself, participate online). We also reveal how these inequalities are compounded by linguistic digital inequalities, such as access to French resources relevant to the local context or digital skills linked to linguistic repertoire and security challenges. Finally, we propose avenues for reflection and action to empower students digitally and contribute to the vitality of Francophone minority communities online.
Keywords: inégalités numériques, minorités linguistiques, capital numérique, langues minoritaires sur Internet, compétences numériques, digital inequalities, digital capital, linguistic minorities, minority languages on the Internet, digital skills
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2432.More information
Research Framework: Immigration in contexts such as Canada and Quebec is likely to generate changes in masculine functions. Thus, immigrant fathers, depending on their origins and profiles, negotiate and present different facets of masculinity to adapt to the various realities of the host country. Objectives: This article examines the impact of immigration on the masculinity and paternal identity of immigrant fathers of different origins in Quebec. Methodology: We conducted a total of 39 interviews with immigrant fathers of sub-Saharan, North African, European, Asian and Latin American origin. An interview guide with open-ended questions enabled them to express themselves on their perception of fatherhood, their identity, their paternal engagement and their adaptation in a migratory context. Results: Our findings indicate that fatherhood is an opportunity for these men to validate their masculinity. Furthermore, the role of provider represents an expression, valorization, and reinforcement of their masculinity. We also found that immigrant fathers’ perceptions of masculinity evolved and were redefined through paternal involvement, in order to overcome the difficulties of integration in the host country. Conclusion: This article shows that, beyond the difficulties, immigration represents an opportunity for commitment and redefinition of fatherhood and masculinity for many immigrant men. Contribution: The various observations arising from this study show the need to take masculinity into account in the care and development of programs for immigrant fathers. Finally, the article offers research possibilities to help understand better different types of fatherhood.
Keywords: masculinité, paternité, identité paternelle, immigration, masculinity, fatherhood, paternal identity, immigration, masculinidad, paternidad, identidad paterna, inmigración
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2433.More information
Objectifs. In Youth protection, the agreement on voluntary measures (AVM) is a different intervention from court ordered measures. Although it is widely used in Quebec, few studies have looked at the characteristics of families with an AVM. Thus, this exploratory study aims to propose a portrait of children and families receiving services through an AVM and to identify the characteristics associated with a change from AVM to court ordered measures. Method. The study sample includes 312 children and their parents receiving Youth Protection services by the CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale as part of an AVM. The data are extracted from the Projet Intégration Jeunesse (PIJ) system. Results. The results of the study highlight some distinctions among the parents concerned by the voluntary agreement, including a greater proportion of intact families, income from employment, as well as the presence of at least one difficulty in 91,9 % of mothers and 84,3 % of fathers. The most common reasons for a compromised situation are negligence and serious risks of negligence. The age of the parents contributes to reducing the probability of a change to court ordered measures while the placement of the child before the AVM, the mother's ADHD and the cumulative difficulties of the father increases this probability. Discussion. This study represents a first step in research on this subject. Broader studies are needed to obtain a complete picture of families with an AVM in Quebec and to understand the reasons behind the change to court ordered measures.
Keywords: Entente sur mesures volontaires, familles, protection de la jeunesse, Agreement on voluntary measures, families, child protective services
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2434.More information
This research aims to better understand the representations of high school welcome class (classe d'accueil) students in terms of their linguistic, academic and social integration. To meet this objective, we conducted semi-structured individual interviews with eleven newly arrived students enrolled in a classe d'accueil at a francophone high school in Montreal. Results indicate that students have positive representations regarding the learning of French, as well as the Quebec education system and society. However, they encounter linguistic and identity barriers that make it especially difficult to develop friendships and a feeling of belonging to Quebec.
Keywords: Intégration, représentations, classe d'accueil, élèves du secondaire, immigrants, Integration, representations, welcome class, high school students, immigrants
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2435.More information
Access to justice is often conceptualized as access to legal services, particularly through legal representation. Despite the emphasis on the importance of free or reduced-cost legal services, little attention has been paid to their implementation and the challenges faced by eligible litigants. This article is based on interviews with 69 clients and 36 key players in the fields of criminal law, family law and employment law. It highlights three major difficulties experienced by those potentially eligible for legal aid: 1) proving their eligibility; 2) finding a lawyer willing to represent them; and 3) asserting their rights. These difficulties are largely attributed to the underfunding of legal aid services. This article then presents the consequences of this underfunding on access to justice, addressing the infringement of the right to a lawyer of one's choice, the right to a full and complete defence, the increase in human costs for the litigant and the creation of systemic discrimination against the most vulnerable populations. In conclusion, recommendations are made to ensure that legal aid, designed to improve access to justice, does not become an obstacle to it.
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2436.More information
Interventions provided by individuals working in community organizations, although little documented in current empirical literature, are essential in supporting parents when a child is placed in care by the youth protection department. Based on 28 individual semi-structured interviews with individuals working in Quebec community organizations, this article presents their recommendations for supporting these parents throughout the placement process. Their proposals focus on the fundamental skills necessary for building and maintaining trust, the importance of a comprehensive assessment of the parent's situation, and the requisite knowledge to support the diversity of interventions required. The community sector, by its nature, implements innovative and complementary practices to those of Youth Protection. Therefore, when the parent consents, establishing intersectoral collaboration becomes essential to ensure that parents of a child placed by the Youth Protection Directorate receive consistent follow-up and a continuum of services. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of community sector practices would enhance this collaboration.
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2437.More information
Background: At the time of this research, Wise Choices is an innovative program for First Nations and Inuit (FNI) aimed at developing strategies to achieve and maintain moderate alcohol use (it now includes all psychoactive substances). Wise Choices has undergone a participatory and iterative process of modifying Alcochoix+ to make it culturally relevant and consistent with the values and realities of FNI. The article presents the results of an initial implementation study carried out between 2020 and 2022.
Keywords: Premières Nations et Inuit, implantation de programme, usage d'alcool, approche participative communautaire, First Nations and Inuit, program implementation, alcohol use, community-based participatory approach, Primeras Naciones e Inuit, implantación del programa, consumo de alcohol, enfoque comunitario participativo
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2439.More information
This article is based on quantitative research examining whether for equal or comparable offences, people experiencing homelessness (PEH) prosecuted under the Criminal Code in Montreal between 2013 and 2018 were subject to differential judicial treatment at the pretrial detention and verdict stages, as compared to non-homeless people. Additionally, we verified whether the judicial treatment of PEH varied according to their type of legal representation. A first sample was generated by randomly extracting PEH criminal records from the user files of the Mobile Legal Clinic (NPO), as well as from the Palais de justice docket. A second sample was formed by extracting criminal files for non-homeless people from the Palais de justice docket that included at least one of the ten charges most frequently brought against the PEH sample. Although PEH and non-homeless people are taken into police custody in similar proportions when arrested, PEH are more likely to be in detention at the time of their first court appearance. Additionally, while PEH are no more at risk of being kept in detention at the end of their judicial interim (bail) hearing, they are much more likely to plead guilty at this stage, in addition to facing a higher probability of being found guilty at the conclusion of their proceedings. Finally, PEH are much better off being defended by a lawyer from a Legal Aid Office, as compared to a private practice lawyer with a legal aid mandate, both at their bail hearing and at the verdict stage.
Keywords: Personnes en situation d'itinérance, système judiciaire, droit criminel, discrimination, détention provisoire, verdict, Homeless people, judicial system, criminal law, discrimination, pretrial detention, verdict, Personas sin hogar, sistema judicial, derecho penal, discriminación, prisión provisional, sentencia
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2440.More information
In Quebec, people aged between 50 and 64 are the group most at risk of suicide. However, few studies have looked specifically at the impact of a parent's suicide in this age group on their children. Yet those bereaved by a family suicide are at high risk of repeating the act. The aim of the present qualitative study was to identify what characterizes the experience of those bereaved by the suicide of a parent aged between 50 and 64. Participants (n = 14) were on average 23 years old (range 10-34) at the time of the loss. Thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews revealed 5 main themes: (1) shock and disorganization; (2) adaptation and change; (3) intergenerational transmission of suicide; (4) social challenges; and (5) perception of aging and medical aid in dying as a solution. The results highlight that the participants are grappling with the same issues as all suicide bereaved, but are concerned about the intergenerational transmission of suicide. Furthermore, it appears that negative perceptions of aging are a theme unique to suicide bereavement of a parent in this age group. Indeed, many bereaved would consider medical aid in dying as a potential solution to the problems of advancing age.
Keywords: deuil, suicide, famille, vieillissement, aide médicale à mourir, bereavement, suicide, family, aging, medical aid in dying, duelo, suicidio, familia, envejecimiento, ayuda médica para morir