Documents found
-
783.More information
This article explores how authenticity is produced by tourist guides and how in return it shapes the impressions of tourists. Furthermore, it addresses the identity ambivalences linked to tourism. The study therefore underlines the guides' various attitudes, from the use of oriental stereotypes in Fez, to the attempt to change tourists' representations and to propose other interpretations of authenticity in Istanbul. In this context, handicraft appears as an ambiguous figure of the mise-en-scene of authenticity. In both cases however, the imaginary promoted by the guide does not merge completely with the lived experience of tourists, based on a variety of emotions.
-
784.More information
AbstractThis article analyzes the results of interviews conducted with 72 immigrants who have been living in Montreal for less than ten years. Interviews focused on participants' eating habits and dietary preferences. Despite significant differences in respondents' countries of origin, socioeconomic status, and demographic profiles, the interviews revealed distinct structural similarities throughout the sample population. On the whole, respondents remained invested in their pre-migratory dietary styles, attempting to maintain eating habits that reflected their former diets as much as possible. The understanding of a “real meal” was strongly linked to the perception of freshness, the preparation of food at home, and to the use of “traditional” ingredients and techniques. Nevertheless, the survey showed changes in terms of participants' consumption of meat and fruit, as well as temporal changes in diet among certain sub-groups of the sample. Overall, the consumption of fast foods, frozen foods, and prepared foods remained low. In addition, the survey clearly demonstrates that in the process of demarcating food habits, the identities of consumers and the identification of ingredients are fundamental to the understanding of cultural transformation and retention.
-
785.More information
This paper analyses the sociopolitical development of an Algerian immigrant in France based on an ethnographic survey conducted in a onetime housing project in Paris's “red suburbs,” a former epicentre of worker-Communist identity. Through community involvement on top of local political activity, the actions of this young man throughout the first decade of the 2000s shed light on the eminently social foundations of his political legitimization. It was through close contact with cross-generational sociability networks that he was able to politicize a wide swath of the new working class areas alienated from the traditional social and political order.
-
786.More information
This article adds to typological research on political violence and terrorism. A neglected way in the field, including by theoretical research. The goal is to marginalize frequent and divisive dilemmas in the field, especially dilemmas about definition and causes of terrorism. The proposed typology of political violence is deductive. It avoids two weaknesses of current typologies : reliance on a definition of terrorism and lack of link between state and non-state violence. The violent organization is characterized by three criteria : who, why and how ? It integrates time variable to allow dynamic analysis of violent organizations.
Keywords: terrorisme, contre-terrorisme, définition, typologie, théorie, violence politique, terrorism, counterterrorism, definition, typology, theory, political violence, terrorismo, contra-terrorismo, definición, tipología, teoría, violencia política
-
787.
-
788.More information
Samuel Huntington proclaimed in an already well-known article ("Clash of Civilizations?") that deep incompatibilities between great civilizations will be the primary cause of future international conflicts. Conflicts will be cultural rather than economic or ideological. To test the validity of this claim, I analyse an international conflict which is truly cultural : the "Salman Rushdie Affair". This affair was provoked by the publication of Rushdie's novel, The Satanic Verses. By studying the motives of the actors in this event (the novelist Salman Rushdie, the imam Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini and the politician Margaret Thatcher), it seems at first sight that they were driven by political or financial interests. But a closer analysis shows that these actors were directed by cultural motivations. Does this prove that Huntington's thesis is right ? No, since even if the actors tried to defend a vision of their culture, there is no such a thing as monolithical civilizations but rather, there are only multicultural civilizations. Indeed, many people from the West refused to defend Rushdie, many Muslims condemned Khomeini's fatwa and Thatcher promoted only one aspect of Western political culture. Values are transnational and an Iranian may cherish the same values as an inhabitant of New York, while, on the other hand two Londonners living in the same flat dream about killing the other over the abortion issue.
-
790.