Documents found
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2912.More information
SUMMARYThis research note presents a first sketch of a study we are undertaking on ethnic entrepreneur ship. It details first of all our theoretical framework and then presents some preliminary results. For this research, we are studying various ethnic groups, those in the majority as well as the minority. For each of them, we will analyze the impact that immigration status, sex, the industrial sector and urban context play on entrepreneurial activity. We thus hope to be better able to define and understand, in a comparative perspective, various facets which characterize this phenomenon.
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2913.More information
Professors in Quebec universities are generally committed to their work. However, from 20 to 25% of them revealed having experienced psychological problems related to their work conditions. How can we identify the factors in a professional career that enhance or compromise mental health and commitment? How can we prevent mental health problems or cure them? To answer these questions and gain access to the experiences behind the available statistics, interviews were conducted with 18 groups of faculty members who accepted to lift the veil on their situations. The article presents a portion of the data emerging from this study, paying particular attention to research and its excesses. Fatigue, disillusion, and distress were experienced when the researchers had to conform to a single performance model and to the senseless productivity demands that are imposed on them.
Keywords: stress professionnel, détresse psychologique, université, corps professoral, évaluation de la recherche, occupational stress, psychological distress, university academic staff, research evaluation, estrés laboral, angustia psicológica, universidad, cuerpo profesoral, evaluación de la investigación
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2914.More information
Historical tradition has long hidden the colonialist dimension of our past at the heart of which lies the relationship to the Other and the central issue of sovereignty. We examine the two paradigms from a comparative perspective. Colonial models of the relationship to Amerindians were clearly marked by the transition to modernity and the context of colonisation. Differences in the modes of alliance were real and we have inherited them. They, however, have their setbacks most notably the conquest of the Other, inextricably linked to colonisation. This conquest is readily visible in the history of the United States as it is in that of great Britain although in a somewhat qualified manner. For France, however, the same cannot be said and yet conquest is nonetheless central. Of course, analysis of Franco-Amerindian relations in the Pays d'En Haut and the Upper Mississippi do show a kind of equilibrium. Yet are these Amerindian nations sovereign ? Absolutely ?This huge cultural entity belonged to an even greater political system, one of colonial empires in which decisions regarding the redistribution of territory depended on military victories and defeats elsewhere on the planet. Regime changes in North America demonstrate the imperial dimension. The Amerindians refused such change in defence of their land. Yet what shall we make of the legacy of the Franco-Amerindian alliance ? The memory of it is all but lost. It does not form part of the historical narrative of the founding of the United States nor of that of modern Québec. And yet it is a most extraordinary legacy.
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2915.More information
In its recent decision in R. v. Sharpe, the majority of the Supreme Court of Canada upheld the Criminal Code provisions prohibiting the possession and making of child pornography, subject to two exceptions. Despite a narrow construction of the definition of child pornography and a broad reading of the statutory defences, the majority found that prohibiting individuals from making and possessing some kinds of child pornography was an unjustifiable limit on the freedom of expression guaranteed by s. 2(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The dissent would have upheld the legislation in its entirety. This article argues that the majority of the Court erred in considering the value of freedom of expression in a detached and abstract manner. Operating in this abstract plane led the Court to approve two significant exceptions on the basis of hypothetical examples of overbreadth, without considering the reality of the exceptions as they relate to documented child pornography cases. As a result, the Court extended constitutional protection to some categories of material that are clearly harmful to children. This result should make us sceptical of the use in Charter cases of broad reading in remedies that create complex judicial amendments with unexamined consequences.
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