Documents found
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351.More information
Bien que certaines bactéries puissent être bénéfiques au système immunitaire de l’hôte, d’autres peuvent être dangereuses durant la grossesse. La période périnatale est critique pour le développement du cerveau. Plusieurs processus neurodéveloppementaux peuvent être perturbés par des agressions environnementales telles que l’activation immune maternelle et fœtale. Des dommages placentaires affectant le transport de nutriments, la production d’hormones et facteurs inflammatoires peuvent affecter le cerveau en développement. L’infection placentaire, nommée chorioamniotite, est associée à un risque élevé de naissance prématurée, de retard de croissance intra-utérin (RCIU) et de dommages cérébraux, eux-mêmes associés à la genèse de troubles neurocomportementaux dont la prévalence varie selon le sexe, tels que la paralysie cérébrale, les troubles du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) et le trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec ou sans …
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352.More information
Le défi lié à la mesure et à l’entraînement de l’attention est démontré par les définitions divergentes du construit cognitif et sa nature hiérarchique. Ce programme de recherche propose que la mesure de la capacité d’un individu à apprendre et à compléter des tâches quotidiennes peut servir d’évaluation fonctionnelle de l’attention. Spécifiquement, la Capacité de Ressource Attentionnelle (CRA), ou la capacité d’un individu d’allouer des ressources attentionnelles depuis sa réserve limitée à des informations pertinentes, tout en supprimant l’allocation de ressources aux informations non pertinentes, est typiquement associée avec la compétence. En conséquence, le fondement de cette thèse est basé sur la reconversion du paradigme traditionnel de suivi d’objets multiples (MOT) afin (i) de caractériser la dynamique attentionnelle-apprentissage et (ii) d’améliorer l’attention chez les jeunes …
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353.More information
Taking diversity into account is of paramount importance in our society, and particularly for educational stakeholders. Although this orientation is prevalent in political discourse and in education, we must admit that the school experiences of pupils from marginalized groups seem to bear witness to the fact that taking diversity into account does not enable them to feel good at school. To help understand this discrepancy, this article presents the results of a descriptive metasynthesis that analyzed a corpus of 18 qualitative studies on taking diversity into account in educational contexts, focusing on the students' voices. Findings and recommendations were extracted from the scientific literature, and then related to what pupils from marginalized groups had to say about taking diversity into account at school during the 6th annual RÉVERBÈRE (Réseau de recherche et de valorisation de la recherche sur le bien-être et la réussite en contexte de diversité) seminar.
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354.More information
Les recherches menées pour comprendre les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) et la schizophrénie (SZ) ont communément utilisé une approche dite descendante, partant du diagnostic clinique pour investiguer des phénotypes intermédiaires cérébraux ainsi que des variations génétiques associées. Des études transdiagnostiques récentes ont remis en question ces frontières nosologiques, et suggèrent des mécanismes étiologiques imbriqués. L’approche montante propose de composer des groupes de porteurs d’un même variant génétique afin d’investiguer leur contribution aux conditions neuropsychiatriques (NPs) associées. Les variations du nombre de copies (CNV, perte ou gain d’un fragment d’ADN) figurent parmi les facteurs biologiques les plus associés aux NPs, et sont dès lors des candidats particulièrement appropriés. Les CNVs induisant un risque pour des conditions similaires, nous posons l’hypothèse que des classes entières de …
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Parental engagement with school has been associated with number of benefits on children, but little research has been done in the context of autism. The aim of this study was to describe the role of mothers and fathers with the education of their child who has autism. Our findings showed four levels of parental engagement with school: tasks done with the child, the school staff, the school board and the partners outside the school environment. The qualitative analysis also highlights the emotional dimension of parental engagement.
Keywords: trouble du spectre de l'autisme, implication parentale, engagement parental, milieu scolaire, autism spectrum disorder, parental engagement, parental involvement with school
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357.More information
This descriptive study, conducted among 224 psychologists in the province of Quebec using a mixed research approach, aimed to examine participants' level of knowledge and training as well as attitudes and professional needs regarding giftedness. Results show that a majority of participants has received some training about giftedness, but with a low number of hours of training and low levels of knowledge. They also reveal a high level of recognition of the special needs of gifted people. Three categories of professional needs were identified: professional training, professional support and collaboration, and public services for the gifted. Emerging leads to support psychologists' work with gifted people are discussed.
Keywords: douance, connaissances, formation professionnelle, perception de la douance, besoins professionnels, psychologues, giftedness, professional training, level of knowledge, attitude towards giftedness, professional needs, psychologists
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358.More information
What draws the ADHD brain to a job like librarianship? I was diagnosed with ADHD at the age of 42, five years into my career as a teaching librarian at a large public university. As I talked to colleagues and interacted with fellow librarians online, I noticed a trend of librarians being open and honest about their neurodivergence. As a result, this autoethnography explores my personal experience as a teaching librarian with ADHD. I will outline how ADHD affects my role in the following areas: being part of a team, leading a classroom, collaborating with faculty, and managing planning, grading, and communications. I explore these themes through six common ADHD traits: idealism, being an empath, rejection sensitivity dysphoria, being scatter brained, imposter syndrome, and hyperfocus. I will explore how these traits affect me daily, as well as how they have affected my career trajectory.
Keywords: bibliothécaire, academic librarian, bibliothécaire universitaire, ADHD, enseignement, librarian, neurodivergence, neurodivergence, TDAH, teaching
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The current study looks at the experience of Quebec single mothers living in a disadvantaged context by using Photovoice, a participatory approach. Six single mothers participated in this research project. The phenomenological approach provides a theoretical framework and orients the data analysis, using NVivo10. The results reveal three main themes that reflect our participants' maternal experience. Results from this study will help develop a psychoeducational tool as well as an awareness campaign on issues experienced by singles mother households and intended for youth and their families.
Keywords: monoparentalité, maternité, Photovoice, pauvreté, inclusion sociale, single parenthood, motherhood, Photovoice, poverty, social inclusion
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360.More information
AbstractSome juveniles showing disruptive behaviours and psychiatric disorders present significant management problems for Quebec youth protection facilities. An exploratory study based upon the participants' perceptions of their situation and their experience of social services received while in care was conducted. The study employs a qualitative design and takes an explanatory stance. It provides data on “multi-problem” youths' perceptions (N = 10) of their own situation, their expectancies and opinions regarding service providers, and their conception of what a “helpful interventions” is. The discussion examines some clinical and legal paradigms regarding assessment and treatment of “multi-problem” violent youths.
Keywords: adolescents violents, perceptions, maltraitance, réadaptation, violent youths, perceptions, child abuse, educational treatment