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In this article, we consider one of the possible sources of student plagiarism, the information seeking behavior. We examine in detail the impact of ordinary Google's informatics and information infrastructure on two of the critical activities that students should undertake to avoid plagiarism, scientific literature exploration and differentiation of the status of sources. We hypothesize that oversimplified access to information sources, combined with exposure to sources that are not all selective, prevents information research from playing its role in students' appropriation of theorizations. Paraphrasing the latter, i.e. reformulating them by clarifying them, a major “anti-plagiarism” skill, then becomes difficult. Thereafter, we confront this techno-information perspective with other frameworks that explain the massive use of ordinary Google by students, particularly that of “convenience.”
Keywords: Google, processus et activité de recherche d'information, étudiants, plagiat universitaire, commodité, Google, information seeking process and behavior, students, academic plagiarism, convenience
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This article explores the ways in which Google affects memory. Several detours will be necessary: firstly, it calls to mind a number of basic notions pertaining to memory, ther it examines certain forms of mnemonic technology in order to better grasp the function of writing as a memory tool. Next, it focuses on writing formats such as, most prominently, the codex which has dominated the last two millennia through its specific geometry. Finally, it demonstrates how the codex gives rise to two forms of analysis: the society of text and the sociology of text. While digitization touches upon each of these, Google must be seen as reworking the society of text in great depth. It is upon this basis that this article shows how Google operates an in-depth restructuration of memory, creating a memorial trompe l'oeil in the process.
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With the spectacular development of digital libraries since the 2000s, the modes of indexation of these archives have also gotten diversified. Considering the thought of library organization across ages, one observes that history has for a long time been dominated by the attempt of a unique documentary classification, correlated to a world outlook inherited from Aristotelian philosophy. In this paper, I try to bring to light this multi-secular relationship between a vision of the world or of the human mind, and the way indexation of archives is supposed to reflect it into space. World order and books order are echoing each other, destined for a bursting and re-composition at the digital era.
Keywords: Bibliothèque numérique, Google, indexation, Aristote, Alberto Manguel, Robert Darnton, imaginaire, Babel, Digital library, Google, indexation, Aristotle, Alberto Manguel, Robert Darnton, imaginary, Babel
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The development of virtual tours related to museums began with the explosion of the Internet in the nineties. While highlighting the indispensability of real visits, the objectives of the first virtual systems focus on spreading works of art dedicated to specialists and the general public. The goals are educational, scientific and touristic, especially when it comes to remote audiences. The latter processes related to virtual visits, such as the Google Art Project, despite a very high degree of realism, do not change the situation related to the uses identified in the first virtual tours. However, in parallel with the proliferation of media using the Internet and future technological advances, all these processes can still be improved and they offer significant development opportunities.
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From September 2020 onwards, COVID-19 cases have rapidly increased across Canada. This study estimates the effects of Google population mobility indicators on daily COVID-19 cases to evaluate the impacts of public movements across different regions in Ontario. We focus on Ontario as Google mobility data are available for Public Health Units (PHUs) for that province. Results based on pooled data from May 1st – November 15th imply that higher mobility at retail stores is significantly correlated with an increase in daily COVID-19 cases. However, empirical estimates from individual PHU level time-series models reveal regional differences, as these findings are based primarily on the relationship between retail mobility and daily cases for the Public Health Units (PHUs) of Toronto and Peel. These results support the implementation of region-specific lockdowns. Further, different specifications generate daily COVID-19 forecasts for Peel and Toronto that are on average, approximately 6%-9% different from actual values. The models of this research should be of value to local health authorities who are in search of simple models that are not computationally intensive and are capable of generating reliable forecasts for specific regions.
Keywords: COVID-19, Population Mobility, Google Data, Econometric Models, Ontario, Public Health Units
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This experience report presents the perceptions of 24 university students of their collaboration in two group projects in the spring semester of 2020. In critical thinking papers, students described their use of digital technology to work together. It emerges that during the lockdown, students needed to collaborate synchronously in order to strengthen the social and human dimensions of collaboration. The pandemic situation, saturated by digital technology, led them to discard the asynchronous collaborative applications required in the course in favour of digital tools allowing synchronous collaboration.
Keywords: Enseignement supérieur, travaux de groupe, perceptions d'étudiants et étudiantes, collaboration, applications numériques, confinement, pandémie, Higher education, group projects, student perceptions, collaboration, digital applications, lockdown, pandemic
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This study analyzes the concepts, attitudes, and practices of 327 pedagogy students from two major Spanish universities related to the process of finding academic information utilizing open access. A training program has been developed through an innovation project (PIMCD) to address the problem of the lack of university training designed to enable students to access reliable sources of scientific knowledge. A mixed questionnaire with a pretest-posttest design, applying a descriptive analysis, a factor analysis, and a Wilcoxon test was administered to students. The results show that it is essential to provide information and training to encourage university students to learn how to find and manage rigorous and reliable sources of information. While searching for academic information, Spanish students tend to focus on the use of Google and, to a lesser extent, Google Scholar. Although there are no significant limitations of access to Spanish language articles, students’ attitudes remain very positive towards the concept of open access. In short, in accordance with the study results, the promotion of educational activities relating to the search for and selection of information and the use of reliable and rigorous academic content is highly recommended in the university context.
Keywords: ICT, Open Access, Educational Innovation, Training