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The unprecedented traceability of the social practices is reactivating the divisions that have divided the sciences since the 19th century. The abundance of data and the power of their processing seem to weaken sociology, while physics or computer science actively invest its field of predilection. Social sciences would no longer have the monopoly of the social, whose relations would not be so singular and could be the subject of treatments that have been experienced by the natural sciences. In order to better understand the issues related to the deployment of digital devices in all contemporary practices, we suggest distinguishing the evolution of social relations, the observation of these relations, the production of knowledge and, finally, the production of meaning, as many digital remediations.We would no longer be witnessing a crisis of empirical sociology, but the resurgence of the ideal of social physics, which would oppose the qualities of interpretation to the power of efficiency. Nevertheless, by omitting more than a century of social sciences, this project promoted by the computational social science perpetuates numerous misunderstandings, neglects the reflexivity, and rejects the proper of the human in favor of supposedly universal laws.

Keywords: Big data, espace, numérique, physique sociale, positivisme, science sociale computationnelle, société, Big data, space, digital, social physics, positivism, computational social science, society, Big data, espacio, digital, física social, positivismo, ciencia social computacional, sociedad

This article discusses how I documented my dreams for two months, with the goal of uncovering how dreams are stored in my brain and gaining insight into the unconscious processes that lead to their creation. In exploring the relationship between dreams and art, I sought to understand the creative potential of dream-inspired art. Informed by my exploration I created art inspired by my dreams using Adobe Photoshop and Dall-E, an artificial intelligence tool. By comparing the aesthetic qualities of my digital art with those generated by Dall-E, I share the insights I have gained into the potential for AI in the creative process. This artistic exploration has broader implications for our understanding of the creative process, the role of the unconscious in art, and the relationship between humans and AI. Future research could further explore the potential for dream-inspired art and the role of AI in the creative process.

Personal learning environments (PLEs) are Web 2.0 tools and services by which users’ access, construct, manage, and share educational contents in order to meet their learning needs. These environments enable users to manage their learning according to their own personal preferences. They further promote socialization and collaboration with their broad user networks and interaction facilities. In this study, with a case sample from a public university in Turkey, student teachers’ PLE use and their perceptions regarding these environments are examined. For data collection, the PLE Perception Scale and PLE Use Scale developed by the researchers were used. It was observed that all participants used various PLEs and found them easy and practical on the whole. However, it was found that this utilization mostly had the aim of access and sharing knowledge in learning, while use of constructing and managing it remained limited. Emailing, social networking, file sharing, video sharing, Internet searching, and social encyclopedias were found most commonly used PLEs. Our findings also show that gender and grade level do not have an effect on the perception and use of PLEs.

Keywords: personal learning environments, perception, use, preservice teachers

Given the importance of knowing how to search, evaluate and use information on the Internet, this study aims to know the informational skills used by teachers in order to document, by observation, their mode of operation and their level of ease during a keyword research. This descriptive and exploratory research allowed the discovery of new research strategies as well as the adaptation and enrichment of an information skills model developed from existing models. In conclusion, we analyze these results in relation to existing research while offering avenues of recommendations for improving teacher training.

Keywords: Compétences informationnelles, stratégies de recherche, lecture à l'écran, modélisation, Information literacy skills, information search strategies, reading online, modelization

The use of new technologies within research into interpreting quality has produced new tools that are expected to increase the number of subjects taking part in survey studies. The growth of Internet users has led to a rise of online questionnaires mainly as a result of their time saving advantages. This paper compares the response rate obtained using three different ways of presenting a questionnaire about quality expectations in interpreting to subjects: in person, via an invitation to take part in an online questionnaire and by including the questionnaire within the text of an email to the subjects. The results of this study show that the subjects tend to participate more when the questionnaire is administered in person. In general male participation was higher than female, but no significant difference was observed with respect to the method of administration. Regarding the particular field of knowledge, the group of subjects working in a scientific and technological area was the only one in which the response rate for the paper “in person” questionnaire was not notably higher than for the other methods.

Keywords: conduite d'enquête, niveau de participation, attentes, comparaison de méthodes, survey administration, level of participation, expectations, comparison of methods

Cette recherche porte sur les manières dont les entités dominantes du web fabriquent le visible. Pour ce faire, la thèse examine les liens entre les aspirations utopiques de Google, Facebook et de la vision artificielle, les algorithmes spécifiques qu’ils développent, la relation qu’ils entretiennent avec les images, principalement photographiques, et leurs façons de moduler les visibilités. Afin de mener l’enquête sur les modalités de production, de présentation et d’acquisition du savoir visuel dans le web, l’approche théorique et méthodologique employée s’inspire de la sociologie de l’acteur-réseau, de l’étude féministe des sciences et inscrit des œuvres d’art dans le rôle d’analyseurs. L’œuvre hypermédiatique Image Atlas (2012) de Taryn Simon et Aaron Swartz installe l’examen de Google et de Google Images qui reconduisent les aspirations à l’accès …

This article presents the results of a survey of the data base searching abilities of first-year education students. The methodology used was two-fold: a qualitative approach based on the direct observation of the students and a quantitative approach using a questionnaire. A total of 24 students participated in this project. The results indicate that the students experienced difficulties in the first stage of the research process, namely the definition of the information need. Therefore, it becomes apparent to improve their ability to define the topic to be researched.