Documents found
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3481.More information
The aim of this literature review is to expand on the definitions and epistemological foundations that various authors attribute to the concepts of educational intervention. To accomplish this objective, 25 articles were analyzed using the NVivo 11 software. The results demonstrate that this concept is used either as a variable in research design, or to describe a professional action. Furthermore, this study reveals differing conceptualization between Francophone and Anglophone literature. In this case, there seems to be a tendency to use this term without regard to any definitions or epistemological foundations.
Keywords: intervention éducative, définition, épistémologie, recension, pratique enseignante, educational intervention, definition, epistemology, review, teaching practice, intervención educativa, definición, epistemología, revisión de literatura, práctica del maestro
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3482.More information
For almost a decade, the concept of translation policy has entered the field of translation studies through the writings of authors such as Reine Meylaerts and Gabriel González Núñez. This article uses the typology borrowed from sociolinguist Bernard Spolsky to characterize the translation policy implemented by the City of Edmonton since the early 2000s. Comparatively to a city like Toronto, whose translation policy is clearly formalized under the Multilingual Information Provisions Policy, Edmonton's translation policy remains relatively unclear. After outlining the general framework of language policy in Canada and Alberta, we will describe Edmonton's translation policy based on various empirical data and documents we have collected. In doing so, our purpose will be less to evaluate this policy (using a certain idea of multiculturalism, bilingualism or politics) than to understand its specificities.
Keywords: politique de traduction, Edmonton, nouveaux arrivants, immigration, multilinguisme, translation policy, Edmonton, newcomers, immigration, multilingualism
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3483.More information
Most children and adolescents who engage in antisocial behaviour and delinquency do not continue to display these behaviours in adulthood. Therefore, there are factors in the natural environment that protect children-at-risk from becoming adult offenders. However, few studies have examined protective factors and the conceptual and methodological foundations for studying protective factors remain poorly developed. This article presents a review of empirical studies of factors that prevent antisocial and criminal behavior and the conceptual, limits and methodological issues that determine what factors are identified. Results show that a large number of protective factors have been identified. The lack of consistency in the findings reflects the exploratory nature of the studies and the virtual absence of replication studies. Among the methodological issues addressed, the importance of population characteristics is highlighted. Based on findings from the review, implications for future studies of protective factors are proposed, including the importance of taking account of the heterogeneity of children and adolescents at risk to offend in adulthood. Knowledge of protective factors is needed to inform policy decisions regarding investment in early childhood programs aimed at preventing criminal behaviour.
Keywords: Facteurs de protection, délinquance, comportements antisociaux, synthèse des connaissances, Protective factors, delinquency, antisocial behaviour, knowledge synthesis, Factores de protección, delincuencia, conductas antisociales, síntesis de conocimientos
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3484.More information
The relationship between the entrepreneur and the investor is often viewed from a conflictual angle based on information asymmetry and on potential stakeholder opportunism. However, venture capital financing includes mixed relationships between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. In this relationship, venture capitalists seek to orient the funded projects towards prospects of success while securing their investment funds through the negotiation of a set of legal agreements. On the other hand, the entrepreneurs strive to have some leeway to manoeuver while maintaining a certain degree of confidentiality. Our research question concerns the various governance mechanisms that surround the venture capitalist-entrepreneur relationship. Our theoretical framework is based on a double theoretical reading grid, by analyzing this relationship according to the two legal-financial and cognitive approaches of governance. Our results show that venture capitalists not only have a financial impact, but also organizational and cognitive impacts that can govern the internal organization of the venture capital-backed firm. The mode of governance employed can be influenced largely by the individual, organizational, institutional and economic characteristics of the venture capitalists. On the other hand, the managers of venture capital-backed firms may behave in ways that go beyond traditional opportunism, in which they conceal their personal interests, to generate cognitive resources and contribute to value creation.
Keywords: Governance, Gouvernance, venture-capital, capital-risque, cognitive approach, approche cognitive, legal-financial approach, approche juridico-financière, entrepreneurial finance, finance entrepreneuriale
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3485.More information
This paper uses original and found poetry to shape the soundscape of 2020 into meaning. A critical auto-ethnographic study, it uses poetic strategies of arts-based methodology to weave stories, experiences and impressions together, to create a literary fabric of the year. So doing, it creates a choral piece for the spoken voice, which explores ideas of conspiracy, community, racism, oppression and justice, drawing on the author’s experience in Australia, and connection with the wider world via the internet. Its focus on listening as meaning is formed from competing and contesting voices.
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3486.More information
AbstractIn this paper, we attempt to answer two questions: (1) Is competition between governments advantageous? (2) If the answer to this question is no, what can be done to solve some of the problems generated by this competition?
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3487.More information
The importance of engaging children and adolescents in research is increasingly acknowledged. The aim of this scoping review is to explore how children and young people have been engaged in research on paediatric obesity and which issues they have reported, in order to highlight areas that require further inquiry or action by researchers and health care professionals. There were 13 papers eligible for this review. Methods used included in-depth interviews, structured or semi-structured interviews, and focus groups, as well as more creative qualitative research methods. Half of the studies included young people with their parents; parents were always present when the interviewees were young children. Personal and sensitive themes, such as bullying, a desire to “fit in”, strong negative emotions about oneself (e.g., low self-esteem, low self-efficacy), and not feeling supported by family, peers, and professionals, were more often shared if parents were not present. An additional issue, wanting to be independent versus being under parental control was found in studies with adolescents. Engaging children and adolescents in multiple phases of research on paediatric obesity is beneficial in allowing better insight into their perspectives and providing recommendations that are more in line with their personal needs and life circumstances; such studies are still scarce in this field, however.
Keywords: adolescents, children, paediatric obesity, scoping review, young people, youth engagement
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3488.More information
Although biological life and human social complexity are fundamentally interdependent, biological and social researchers continue to perceive each other from across divides of theoretical, methodological, and institutional skepticism. This paper considers conversational boundary work between qualitative and quantitative scientists as an institutionalized rhetorical performance which throttles their cooperation, even in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic when it is most urgently needed. As an example, I look at the way familiar epistemological conflicts emerged out of collaboration between myself and a bioscientist during the spring of 2020, when co-participating in the Massive Microscopic Sensemaking Project, a 21-day international auto-ethnographic writing experiment.
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3489.More information
This study aims to illuminate the perspectives of 40 marginalized children about school choice in two global cities in Canada. It builds on the sociology of school choice and critical geography, with a focus on children. By utilizing mixed-methods geospatial research, this study finds that children prefer attending a neighbourhood school where they feel supported by the community and experience daily connections to nature. These children’s perspectives offer new insights into how to move beyond neoliberal market reforms by pursuing transformative and decolonial approaches to educational policy making.
Keywords: school choice, marginalized children, global city, decolonization
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3490.More information
Online learning has gained increasing attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers face social exigencies to design ways of knowledge dissemination in online instruction. We posit that understanding how knowledge can be represented in successful online academic genres can inform teachers on how they can design students’ online learning experiences. This study examined how scientific knowledge is disseminated in one of the most widespread academic genres, TED Talks, which share discoursal similarities with other academic genres such as online lectures. This study adopted a systemic functional multimodal discourse analysis approach to explore how a presenter used speech, images, and gestures to disseminate knowledge. The analysis shows that a presenter orchestrates speech, images, and gestures strategically to clarify the scientific ideas and engage the audience. Based on understanding how the three semiotic modes are used to disseminate scientific knowledge in accessible and engaging ways, this paper discusses how insights on multimodal orchestration can function as a heuristic tool to inform design in online learning.
Keywords: apprentissage en ligne, online learning, TED talks, TED Talks, speech, analyse multimodale du discours, images, discours, image, gestures, geste, multimodal discourse analysis