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41.More information
Mayan and Andean medicine included empirical perspectives and botanical cures that were transmitted in the urban spaces of colonial Spanish America, spaces themselves built over former Amerindian cities. Mayan and Andean peoples, whose histories included development of both urban and rural aspects of civilization, brought their medical knowledge to the Hispanic cities of the colonial Americas. In these cities, despite the disapproval and persecution of the Inquisition, Native American medicine gradually became part of the dominant culture. As this article will demonstrate, Mayan and Andean medical knowledge was absorbed by the “new cities” that Imperial Spain constructed in the colonial Americas, church disapproval notwithstanding. Cities and urban space became prime conduits for the circulation and incorporation of Native American medical knowledge among the newer Hispanic and mestizo population in the colonial Americas.
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AbstractWomen and the Mexican Feminist MovementDrawing upon the writings of Mexican feminists, this article outlines the development of the feminist movement in this country. After a brief historical overview, the author describes at greater length recent developments of the movement. Handicapped by its urban middle-class origins, the feminist movement in Mexico has trouble reaching out to and representing all Mexican women. It has nevertheless led important struggles on behalf of all women, notably on the question of voluntary motherhood. Although the feminist movement is tending to become institutionalized, the daily struggles of women at the grassroots continue to develop.
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AbstractTranslation holds an important place in Arabic thought and culture. This can be seen in the policies in effect in this field during the first dynasties of Islam, the thousand-year-old theoretical refection on these issues and the role played by translators in the transfer of knowledge from one culture to another (from Greek and Person into Arabic).Translation still plays the same role in policies of development in Arab countries, but without bringing about the growth reached by the Arabs more than ten centuries ago.The reasons for this seem to be of a structural nature.
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Keywords: Charte de la langue française