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There has been a huge revival of interest in the role of translators and their visibility. Some Translation Studies scholars have mobilized French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's theorical concepts of field, habitus and capital to carry out empirical research studies in an attempt to understand how translators or interpreters perceive their roles and what kind of capital they pursue. This article presents part of the findings from a large empirical study in which quantitative and qualitative approaches are combined in an attempt to carry out a thorough investigation of translators' visibility, understood as the capacity to communicate directly with clients and/or end-users. The present article reports on the quantitative analysis of the relationship between translator's visibility and the amount of capital that they say they receive. The analysis is based on 193 Chinese translators in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao. The findings suggest that visibility is rewarding in terms of social exchanges and learning experience, but not in terms of pay and prestige. In addition, the analysis shows that some social variables including sex, level of education, region that the translator lives in, the translator's major field of study and the time spent on translation are not related to visibility or capital received. Meanwhile, the appearance of the translator's name on translations is significantly related to the capital received.

Keywords: visibilité, capital symbolique, capital social, capital culturel, capital économique, visibility, symbolic capital, social capital, cultural capital, economic capital

The aim of this article is to summarize the literature for managers, researchers and practitioners on the foundations, determinants and results of the implementation of a risk management policy on performance. To achieve this goal, the article is subdivided into three parts. The first presents the fundamentals of risk management in the context of firm theory, the second provides the main determinants of risk management, and the third concludes with a state-of-the-art of empirical studies on risk management and its influence on the performance of non-financial companies.

Keywords: Management du risque, Performance, Performance globale, Risk management, Overall performance and performance

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of US firms on technological competitiveness in Europe between 1955-75 through a dynamic application of the eclectic theory of international trade and production. It looks at the improvement in the trading performance of European countries, and finds that in certain larger countries and sectors that indigenous firms also improved their position. This is further found to be related to the transfer of technology from the US to Europe, and its diffusion to European firms where this has taken place.

AbstractThe objective of this research is to analyze the innovation strategy of sustainable family firms. An analysis of verbatim of managers in sustainable family firms showed that theyare constantly looking at a trade-off between stability and renewal. It highlights that the traditions act as safeguard against risky innovations. Afterward, a fine analysis ofstrategic choices in innovation made by a family firm was undertaken: it led to the specification of the concept of prudential innovation. This concept is then characterized throughseven features resulting from the commonly accepted characteristics of sustainable family firms.

Keywords: innovation, entrepreneuriat familial, pérennité, etude de cas, innovation, family business, sustainability, case study, innovación, empresariado familiar, perennidad, estudio de casos

This paper studies the spatial mobility of around a thousand coworkers of three, mid-sized French cities to better understand coworking spaces. Our analysis, based on online available data on coworkers' career and education trajectories, and confirmed by selected interviews with the founder, managers and users of the three coworking spaces, reveals a community with purposefully reduced mobility. We provide insights into how coworking spaces, by pooling a diversity of local resources, foster dynamism and allow a reduced spatial mobility option for a less kinetic elite of highly educated workers. Coworking spaces allow coworkers to develop entrepreneurial capabilities whilst striking a balance with their private life. The studied coworking community collectively achieves its goals, with individuals engaging in little international mobility and an overall reduced spatial mobility.

Keywords: Coworking spaces, spatial mobility, international mobility, diversity, espaces de coworking, mobilité spatiale, mobilité internationale, diversité, Espacios de coworking, movilidad espacial, movilidad internacional, diversidad

Given the inclination of legal scholars to progressively displace the meaning of a judicial decision from its context toward abstract propositions, it is no surprise that at its fiftieth anniversary, Roncarelli v. Duplessis has come to be interpreted in Manichean terms. The complex currents of postwar society and politics in Quebec are reduced to a simple story of good and evil in which evil is incarnated in Duplessis's “persecution” of Roncarelli.In this paper the author argues for a more nuanced interpretation of the case. He suggests that the thirteen opinions delivered at trial and on appeal reflect several debates about society, the state and law that are as important now as half a century ago. The personal socio-demography of the judges authoring these opinions may have predisposed them to decide one way or the other; however, the majority and dissenting opinions also diverged (even if unconsciously) in their philosophical leanings in relation to social theory (internormative pluralism), political theory (communitarianism), and legal theory (pragmatic instrumentalism). Today, these dimensions can be seen to provide support for each of the positions argued by Duplessis's counsel in Roncarelli given the state of the law in 1946.

Between 1857 and 1951, the Owen Sound firm of William Kennedy & Sons was transformed by three successive generations of the Kennedy family into a dynasty. As a supplier of industrial equipment to the agricultural, milling, mining, railway, marine, hydro-electric, and pulp and paper sectors across Canada and internationally, “Kennedy's”  became a model of entrepreneurialism despite challenging the conventional wisdom that success depended upon economies of scale generated by product specialization. Originally, Kennedy's strength was its owners' determination to harness their craftsmen's ingenuity in making a plethora of products. After it became a branch plant of multinational corporations and was forced to focus increasingly on a single product line, the firm commenced a protracted and ignominious slide ending in bankruptcy in 1997. The history of William Kennedy & Sons is a rare account of how a medium-sized manufacturer conducted business over 140 years. It also provides a revealing look at the entrepreneurial spirit behind the creation of a once imposing, but now much diminished, industrial Ontario.

AbstractDirect democracy appeared in California at the beginning of the century in the wake of widespread disillusionment with representative democracy and the Progressive movement. It might provide an answer to similar problems encountered in Quebec and Canada today. However, the initiative and the referendum in California have had such important, unintended consequences that many observers declare them to have changed into the opposite of what their creators intended. The debate these institutions evoke requires a clarification of its underlying values.

In the early decades of the twentieth century, Ontario homemakers were targets of a multi-faceted educational campaign in which a range of corporate and social reform groups sought to change the ways women cooked, cleaned and heated their homes. This article explores these highly gendered pedagogies of modernity and resituates them within the context of Canadian energy history, focusing on household electrification to highlight Ontario women's resistance, in terms of their day-to-day household practices, to this educational campaign. It argues that women remained largely unimpressed by the promise of electrification into the 1940s, not only because of the problems inherent in the new, centralized supply of energy itself, but because of the deeply gendered cultural practices and preferences that continued to define women's life and work within the older energy regime of the Ontario home.