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The article proposes an anthropology of gesture in a black American dance, the cake-walk. Retracing the way that the cake-walk was re-worked by French performers, our analysis emphasizes the specificity of French perceptions of the dance. The convergence of two scientific fields is noted in this specificity: psycho-pathology and the theory of evolution. Both were widely disseminated in the press in vulgarized form, and notions surrounding hysterical-epileptic movement and Darwinian regression were superimposed in almost every commentary on the rhythms and gestures of the cake-walk, thereby producing anxieties about contagion and degeneration.

This article provides a overview of the role translation has played in news transmission since the birth of journalism until the 21st century. The paper focuses on three periods and the ways in which translation has been present in news production: (1) translation at the origin of newspapers in 17th- and 18th-century Europe, with particular reference to England, Spain and Scandinavia, where translation was, in fact, the staple diet of the first pamphlets published in those countries, (2) from the late 19th century onwards, the interplay between language and translation has also been present in the activity of foreign correspondents, albeit often in a very invisible manner, and (3) as the journalistic activity was professionalized, the importance of translation can be traced in the need for journalists to be trained in foreign languages as well as in the appearance of news agencies whose activity is to a great extent translational. Finally, the advent and spread of the Internet has made the role of translation more apparent, even if it remains an invisible second-rate activity within the news production process.

Keywords: news, journalism, periodical, news agency, foreign correspondent, nouvelles (actualités), journalisme, périodique, agence de nouvelles, correspondant étranger

Virtual worlds and online games experienced a remarkable increase in popularity in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on ethnographic research, we discuss the use of Second Life as a space of sociability in contexts of physical distancing in several countries. Focusing on the socio-technical characteristics of this digital environment, as well as on the experiences of its users, we propose that the current appeal of this type of platform can be explained by distinctive elements, including: immersion, avatar embodiment, synchronicity, and persistence.

Keywords: internet, mondes virtuels, sociabilité, distanciation physique, immersion, internet, virtual worlds, sociability, physical distancing, immersion

Although it has been the subject of numerous criticisms, intercultural management continues to be disseminated mainly in its canonical version. This resistance to change has its origins in the very construction of the field. A historical analysis is therefore useful.The article highlights the roots: “ethnic psychology” (taking as a starting point the work of Ch. Letourneau 1901), “psychology of peoples” and North American cultural anthropology, to arrive at what has been considered as “normal” intercultural science (taking as a basis the work of G. Hofstede 1980). The article raises the questions posed by this heritage in relation to an expected renewal: numerous forgotten differences (power, gender, race) and western centering.

Keywords: management interculturel, culture, psychologie, critique, intercultural management, culture, psychology, critical, gestión intercultural, cultura, psicología, crítica

Corn (maize, Zea mays) is susceptible to contamination with aflatoxins, fumonisins and other mycotoxins, particularly in the southeastern USA. In principle, mycotoxin contamination could be reduced in commercial corn hybrids with shorter growing seasons by planting at dates which minimize plant stress during the critical kernel-filling period. To evaluate this strategy, commercial Bt and non-Bt hybrids were planted in Arkansas in mid-April and early May of 2002, 2004 and 2005. The mid-April planting date resulted in lower aflatoxin contamination in harvested corn each yr and in significantly less frequent contamination above a regulatory action level in 2005 and overall than did the early-May planting date in both Bt and non-Bt corn. The mid-April planting date resulted in significantly lower total fumonisin contamination in harvested corn and in less frequent contamination above a regulatory advisory level than the early May planting date in 2 of 3 yr and overall in both Bt and non-Bt corn. All fumonisin subtypes studied were reduced. Frequent co-occurrence of aflatoxin and fumonisin was observed. Fumonisin levels averaged lower in Bt hybrids than in non-Bt hybrids at all plantings. Reduced aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination with mid-April planting could not be explained by any measure of heat stress during the kernel-filling period.

Keywords: Aflatoxin, Aspergillus flavus, Bt and non-Bt corn hybrids, date of planting, fumonisin, maize, weather factors, aflatoxine, Aspergillus flavus, date de semis, facteurs climatiques, fumonisine, hybrides de maïs Bt et non Bt, maïs

Political risk is inherent to foreign investment. It stems from either the government's or the political regime's instability, or restrictive and compelling governmental policies. To cope with this risk, two complementary instruments are used: risk assessment and deterrent measures.Taking into consideration South America, the author explains how the political risk assessment is realized through risks indexes, public or corporate: each carries its own criteria as shown here by the analysis of General Motors and Union Carbide methods of assessment.The author then discusses the means available to the investor to forecast and minimize the negative effects of the actualization of a political risk. He identifies two main categories of deterrent measures: business oriented strategies carried out by the investor or legal techniques of protection. Among the latter, the author analyses the stabilization and internationalization clauses; the security offered by certain bilateral or multilateral treaties to foreign investment; the guarantees agreed upon by organizations such as the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency; the transfer of domicile of legal entities.

This article, focusing on the anthropology of work, contends that HR professionals interpret and represent the gendered nature of human resources management in accordance with gender relations that permeate the entire social field. Employing an ethnographic and historical perspective, it demonstrates the ways in which the HR world reproduces and sustains a system, both symbolic and social, that divides the masculine from the feminine principles, and sets one above the other. Two facets of gender hierarchization, both arising in HR experts' identity discourse, are explored: one is the differential value granted to the “feminine” character of the profession, and the other is the role gender categorization plays in promoting a liberal concept of the individual. The author suggests that citing presumed natural gender differences as an explanation for the subordinate status of HR careers in the business world is in fact a mechanism for revealing, solidifying and replicating gender relations.

Keywords: anthropologie du travail, gestion des ressources humaines, femmes en gestion, identité professionnelle, rapports de sexe, sujet libéral, anthropology of work, human resource management, women in management, professional identity, gender relations, liberal subject