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AbstractBetween 1692 and 1760, French colonial authorities intermittently offered trading goods to native warriors as bounties for enemy scalps. While most historians have not differentiated French and English policies, a closer examination of the subject reveals that the former had a very specific and coherent policy. Scalp bounties were considered one of the most effective ways of defending New France by encouraging its native allies to take the war path. Contrary to what has been previously assumed, however, these bounties did not result in the corruption of native customs or in the subordination of native military interests.

From the end of the 17th century, the rich bestiary of the fables offers an ideal field of exploration to test the hypothesis of the topics of sound. Among the many crows, storks, roosters, owls, pigeons, sparrows, eagles, peacocks, nightingales, most of them have a singular, recognisable, imitable voice. All or almost all of them are anthropomorphised, as well as speak and play a major role in fiction. This article seeks to address the following questions based on the fables of La Fontaine, Perrault, Furetière, Fénelon and Mme de Villedieu in addition to Philippe Desprez and Houdar de la Motte: are bird songs always treated according to aesthetic criteria or according to their effects on the audience? Are there any narrative topoi associated with the songs of birds, or even with the songs of certain birds? Or are birds rather character types with a specific song as a characteristic? What is the place of zoological knowledge in these representations?

Keywords: Singing, Chant, Birds, Oiseaux, Fables, Fables, Effects, Effets, Topoi, Topoï

Some stakeholders belonging to the civil society campaign for an alternative agroecological model that would involve citizens as well as farmers rather than institutions, and that would be highly beneficial for biodiversity. We tackle the significance that biodiversity preservation holds for individuals that adopt sustainable diets, as well as the part played by their interactions with producers committed to this matter in the development of such sensitivity. Through fourteen qualitative interviews and an online survey (n=210), we show that biodiversity preservation is very rarely a primary motivation for people to eat sustainably indeed and that interactions between them and biodiversity-protectors, in cases of awareness-raising strategies from associations, are neither necessary not sufficient for such sensitivity to develop.

Keywords: alimentation durable, sensibilité à la biodiversité, stratégies de conscientisation, interactions producteurs-mangeurs, alternatives citoyennes, sustainable diets, sensitivity to biodiversity, awareness-raising strategies, interactions between producers and consumers, civic alternatives

This position paper updates about methodological and epistemological issues on the micro-foundations perspective. We propose that conceptual divergences between the different streams of contributions to dynamic capabilities (DCs) research (the Eisenhardt versus Teece divide) hide discrepancies about methodological aspects, and about the locus of DCs. We zoom out from current epistemological debates about the microfoundations to explain the necessity of multi-level approaches, and to clarify the interpretation of the Boudon-Coleman “bathtub”. We elaborate on these aspects to explain how to enhance research on DCs, and more generally in strategic management. We discuss specific issues in relation with the selection of units of analysis and with the elaboration of field research protocols. We also propose practical recommendations adhering to the micro-foundations approach.

Keywords: Dynamic capabilities, Resource orchestration, Research heuristics, Micro-foundations, Methodology of the social sciences, Situational analysis, Methodological individualism, Capacités dynamiques, orchestration des ressources, heuristique de la recherche, micro-fondations, méthodologie des sciences sociales, analyse situationnelle, individualisme méthodologique, Capacidades dinámicas, organización de recursos, heurística de la investigación, microfundaciones, metodología de las ciencias sociales, análisis situacional, individualismo metodológico

Listening to spatialized sound by electronic means was one of the new experiences that awaited listeners in the years following the Second World War. As far as new forms of audiotechnical listening in France goes, one of the stereophonic listening situations that had the greatest impact on audiences was son et lumière, the first of which was presented at the Chambord château in 1952 with music composed by Maurice Jarre. The soundtrack of this show was the diffused via a novel stereophonic setup. These son et lumière shows initiated many listeners to new forms of directional listening a skill that would then be called upon by a generation of avant-garde composers. This article explores the musical dimension of these son et lumière presentations in order to evaluate their impact on the development of new generalized forms of listening that conquer space through stereophony.

Keywords: son et lumière, Maurice Jarre, spatialisation, stéréophonie, musique concrète, son et lumière, Maurice Jarre, spatialization, stereophony, musique concrète