Introduction

This data dictionary is the documentation of the “Erudit Article” data model, designed for the scientific journal articles. It is part of the project to create a portal for the dissemination of digital publications undertaken by the Consortium Érudit.

The initial development of the data model for the scientific journal articles, in XML DTD, included, inter alia, the following steps:

• Exploration of the various data models (public and private) available on the market and by which we could be inspired (Appendix a);
• Reading of a feasibility study carried out within the framework of the activities of Harvard University Library (Appendix b);
• Selection of a significant sample of journals and analysis of various elements which constitute it (Appendix c).

Documentation Format

Elements

Label

Element's name in full

Description

Brief description of element

Comments

Details about use and/or content of the element.

Format

Required format for element content, generally, a standard

References

Additional documentation about the encoding format or any other information providing a better understanding of the element’s content model

Examples

Example of the element’s content model

Attributes

Label

Attribute’s name in full. If a different label applies, depending on the element, each label is separated by the name of the attribute to which it applies.

Description

A brief description of the attribute. If a different description applies, depending on the element, each description is separated by the name of the element to which it applies.

Comments

Details about the use and/or content of an attribute

Format

Required format for the attribute’s value, generally a standard. If a different format applies, depending on the element, each format is separated by the name of the element to which it applies.

References

Additional information about the encoding format or any other information for a better understanding of the attribute's content model

Element Groups

Label

Element group’s name in full

Description

A brief description of the element group

Attribute Groups

Label

Attribute group’s name in full

Description

A brief description of the attribute group

Complex Types

Label

Complex type’s name in full

Description

A brief description of the complex type

Simple Types

Label

Simple type’s name in full

Description

A brief description of the simple type

Appendices

a) DTDs

• ADC XML ARTICLE (Nasa) (http://xml.gsfc.nasa.gov/article/ [obsolete link])
• Blackwell (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/xml/dtds/4-0/help/)
• DocBook (http://www.oasis-open.org/specs/docbook.php)
• eFirst (http://www.openly.com/efirst/)
• Elsevier (http://info.sciencedirect.com/implementing/implementing_sdos/dtds/)
• ISO 12083 (http://www.xmlxperts.com/12083.htm)
• TEI (http://www.tei-c.org/)

b) Feasibility Study

• E-Journal Archive DTD Feasibility Study (Harvard University Library) (http://www.diglib.org/preserve/hadtdfs.pdf)

c) Scientific Journals

• Anthropologie et Sociétés, vol. 22, nos 2 et 3
• Cahiers québécois de démographie, vol. 27, no 2, vol. 28, no 1-2, vol. 29 no 1
• Cinémas : revue d'études cinématographiques / Cinémas: Journal of Film Studies, vol. 10, no 2-3, vol. 11, no 1
• Circuit : musiques contemporaines, vol. 9, nos 1 et 2, vol. 10, nos 1 et 2
• Études françaises, vol. 35, no 1, vol. 36, nos 1 et 2
• Géographie physique et Quaternaire, vol. 52 no 3, vol. 53, nos 1 et 2
• Meta : journal des traducteurs, vol. 44, nos 1 et 4
• Sociologie et sociétés, vol. 31, nos 1 et 2
• TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction, vol. 11, nos 1 et 2, vol. 12, nos 1 et 2, vol. 13, no 1
• Voix et images, vol. 24, nos 1 et 2

Label

Abstract

Description

Succinct description of the article’s contents.

Comments

Note that some journals put all the abstracts for an issue into a single resource, rather than placing each with the article to which it belongs. In this case, placing each abstract with the corresponding article is strongly recommended instead of creating a distinct article regrouping only the abstracts of the issue articles.

When an abstract contains the title of the article translated into a language other than the main language of the article, this information must be pulled from the abstract and put into a “paraltitle” element.

Examples

example 1

<abstract lang="fr">
    <title>Résumé</title>
    <blocktext>Le développement et la croissance d'une population côtière d'épinette
    blanche (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) ont été étudiés sur le littoral en émersion du
    détroit de Manitounuk situé sur la côte est de la baie d'Hudson. Cette région subit un
    relèvement glacio-isostatique à un taux des plus élevés au monde (1,2 à 1,5 m/siècle).</blocktext>
</abstract>

example 2

<abstract lang="en">
    <title>Abstract</title>
    <blocktext>Development of a lichen-white spruce stand along the rapidly emerging
    coast of Hudson Bay in subarctic Québec. Population structure and tree growth of a white
    spruce stand (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) were studied along the emerging coastline of
    Manitounuk Strait on the east coast of Hudson Bay. Isostatic rebound in this
    area is still one of the most rapid in the world (1.2 to 1.5 m/century).</blocktext>
</abstract>

Label

Acknowledgements

Description

Text in which the author expresses his or her gratitude to one or more people.

Comments

This information might be contained in a note in the article. If the acknowledgement can easily be transferred to the “ackno” element without having to renumber the notes, doing so is strongly recommended.

Examples

example 1

<ackno>
    <title>Remerciements</title>
    <blocktext>Les authors tiennent à remercier Kate
    Jarrett (BIO) pour l'analyse des propriétés physiques, Louise
    Cournoyer et Maryse Henry (GEOTOP) pour leur aide en laboratoire
    ainsi que Martine Lapointe (GEOTOP) pour ses conseils sur les
    diatomées. Ce projet a bénéficié d'une subvention stratégique du
    Conseil de recherches en sciences naturelles et en génie du
    Canada (CRSNG). Guillaume St-Onge est récipiendaire d'une bourse
    d'études supérieures du CRSNG. Nous remercions également Bernard
    Long (UQAR) pour ses commentaires ainsi que P. Hill (UQAR) pour
    leur évaluation critique.</blocktext>
</ackno>

Label

Address

Description

Pieces of information which make it possible to identify a place's location, to generally go there (street) or to send mail to it (postal).

Label

Administration

Description

Administrative data for proper management of the article.

Examples

example 1

<admin>
    <articleinfo>
        <pagination>
            <fpage>2</fpage>
            <lpage>34</lpage>
        </pagination>
    </articleinfo>
    <journal id="nps9">
        <jtitle>Nouvelles Pratiques Sociales</jtitle>
        <jshorttitle>nps</jshorttitle>
        …
    </journal>
    <issue id="nps722">
        <volume>15</volume>
        <issueno>2</issueno>
        …
    </issue>
    <publisher id="ed3">…</publisher>
    <prod id="prod3">…</prod>
    <digprod id="prodnum4">…</digprod>
    <digdist id="diffnum4">…</digdist>
    <paperhistory>…</paperhistory>
    <schema name="Erudit Article" version="3.0.0" lang="en"/>
    <copyright>…</copyright>
</admin>

Label

Author's affiliation

Description

Information about the author’s organization.

Comments

This element contains information such as position or title within the organization, name of organization, administrative unit, street address, mailing address, telephone, fax, etc.

The email address must be inserted into the “email” element, not in the affiliation.

It is important not to confuse position or title in the organization contained in “affiliation” with degree (ex: Ph.D.) contained in the suffix. Examples of position or title: Professor, Director, Student, etc.

Examples

example 1

<affiliation>
    <orgdiv>Département de sociologie</orgdiv>
    <orgname>Université de Montréal</orgname>
    <address>
        <blocktext>C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville</blocktext>
        <blocktext>Montréal (Québec)</blocktext>
        <blocktext>Canada H3C 3J7</blocktext>
    <address>
</affiliation>

example 2

<affiliation>
    <blocktext>CNRS, UMR 8591, 1, place Aristide Briand, 92195 Meudon-Bellevue, France</blocktext>
</affiliation>

Label

Another number in journal numbering

Description

Another number in journal numbering.

Comments

In this element, insert the number of an issue only if the “issueno” and “volume” elements, are already used for the main numbering.

Examples

example 1

<issue id="">
    <volume numeration="ucaseroman">III</volume>
    <issueno numeration="decimal">1</issueno>
    <aissueno numeration="decimal">7</aissueno> …
</issue>

Label

Appendix

Description

A section attached to the information contained in the body of the article.

Comments

An “appendix” element should be included for each appendix identified at the end of the article, even those that have neither an Appendix n nor any other similar title that would clearly identify them as such.

Examples

example 1

<appendix id="an1">
    <section1 id="s1n71">
        <title>…</title>
        <section2 id="s2n35">
            <title>…</title>
            <para id="pa109">…</para>
        </section2>
    </section1>
</appendix>

example 2

<appendix id="an2">
    <section1 id="s1n22">
        <table id="ta3">
            <no>Tableau 3</no>
            <caption lang="fr">
                <blocktext>…</blocktext>
            </caption>
            …
        </table>
    </section1>
</appendix>

Label

Appendix group

Description

Set of appendices in an article.

Examples

example 1

<appendixgr>
    <title>Appendices</title>
    <appendix id="an1">
        <section1 id="s1n71">
            <title>…</title>
            <section2 id="s2n35">
                <title>…</title>
                <para id="pa109">…</para>
            </section2>
        </section1>
    </appendix>
    <appendix id="an2">
        <section1 id="s1n22">
            <table id="ta3">
                <no>Tableau 3</no>
                <caption lang="fr">
                    <blocktext>…</blocktext>
                </caption>
                …
            </table>
        </section1>
    </appendix>
</appendixgr>

Label

Appendix note

Description

A short note about a passage of the appendix, in the margin of the main text.

Comments

This element should only be used if there exist one or more notes, in the appendix, which have a notation separate from the one of the article body. If not, use the “notegr” element.

The number of a note must appear in the “no” element.

Label

Article

Description

A document that constitutes a separate unit yet is part of an issue of a serial publication.

Comments

This is the root element of the DTD, i.e. the highest-level element.

Indicate whether or not the article is off-topic only if the issue in which the article was published is thematic. If not, drop the “nonthematic” attribute.

Examples

example 1

<article idprop="000001ar" lang="en" arttype="note" processingqual="complete" seqord="6">
    …
</article>

example 2

<article idprop=" 008415ar" lang="fr en" arttype="article" processingqual="complete"
nonthematic="yes" seqord="1">
    <admin>…</admin>
    <linkgr>…</linkgr>
    <frontmatter>…</frontmatter>
    <body>…</body>
    <backmatter>…</backmatter>
</article>

Label

Article information

Description

Indications, information, details about the article.

Examples

example 1

<articleinfo>
    <idpublic scheme="doi">…</idpublic>
    <descriptorgr lang="fr">…</descriptorgr>
    <pagination>…</pagination>
    <nbpage>…</nbpage>
    <nbpara>…</nbpara>
    <nbword>…</nbword>
    <nbfig>…</nbfig>
    <nbtab>…</nbtab>
    <nbeq>…</nbeq>
    <nbmo>…</nbmo>
    <nbimage>…</nbimage>
    <nbaudio>…</nbaudio>
    <nbvideo>…</nbvideo>
    <nbbiblioref>…</nbbiblioref>
    <nbnote>…</nbnote>
</articleinfo>

Label

Associate editor

Description

Person in charge of editing a journal or serial publication.

Comments

It is recommended that all person's names following a string consisting of “guest-edited by” or similar must appear in the “assoceditor” element, with the “guest” value assigned to the “aetype” attribute, even if this sometimes means repeating information regarding the publisher or the regular associate editor.

Examples

example 1

<assoceditor aetype="regular" gender="female">
    <persname>
        <firstname>Johanne</firstname>
        <familyname>Laplante</familyname>
    </persname>
</assoceditor>

example 2

<assoceditor aetype="regular" gender="female">
    <position>Rédactrice en chef</position>
    <persname>
        <firstname>Maryse</firstname>
        <familyname>Gagné</familyname>
    </persname>
</assoceditor>

example 3

<assoceditor aetype="guest" gender="male">
    <persname>
        <firstname> Georges</firstname>
        <middlename>L.</middlename>
        <familyname>Bastin</familyname>
    </persname>
</assoceditor>

Label

Audio

Description

Area of communications technology involving the transmission of sound.

Examples

example 1

<mediaobject float="block">
    <audio id="ad15"/>
</mediaobject>

Label

Author of the article

Description

Individual or organization responsible for creation of the article and therefore its intellectual and/or artistic content.

Comments

It is recommended that the person responsible for selecting recent issues and acquisitions should be considered the author of that type of article.

Examples

example 1

<author id="au2"/>
    <contribution>Avec la contribution de</contribution>
    <persname>…</persname>
    <affiliation>…</affiliation>
    <email>…</email>
</author>

example 2

<author id="au1"/>
    <orgname>CSN</orgname>
</author>

Label

Author group

Description

Set of information about the author(s)

Examples

example 1

<authorgr>
    <author id="au1">
        <persname>
            <firstname>Luc</firstname>
            <familyname>Grondin</familyname>
        </persname>
    </author>
    <author id="au2">
        <persname>
            <firstname>Michel</firstname>
            <familyname>Plamondon</familyname>
        </persname>
    </author>
    <author id="au3">
        <orgname>Consortium Érudit</orgname>
    </author>
</authorgr>

Label

Author's authority

Description

The authority makes it possible to identify the standardized form of a person's or organization's name with the assistance of the authority key. This form is sometimes called authorized, established or making authority form.

Examples

example 1

<author id="au2"/>
    <contribution>Avec la contribution de</contribution>
    <authority authoritykey="BNF1234567">
        <persname>…</persname>
    </authority>
    <affiliation>…</affiliation>
    <email>…</email>
</author>

example 2

<author id="au1"/>
    <orgname>CSN</orgname>
</author>

Label

Back matter

Description

Sections grouped at the end of an article.

Examples

example 1

<backmatter>
    <appendixgr>…</appendixgr>
    <ackno>…</ackno>
    <bionotegr>…</bionotegr>
    <bibliogr>…</bibliogr>
    <notegr>…</notegr>
</backmatter>

Label

Bibliography

Description

List of works appended to the article indicating the author’s bibliographic references.

Comments

This element also includes lists of non-print matter such as a discography, videography, etc.

If the article includes several bibliographies, they will be managed in a separate “biblio” element. However, don't confuse the multiple divisions of a unique bibliography with the presence of several distinct bibliographies.

Examples

example 1

<biblio>
    <title>Références bibliographiques</title>
    <bibliodiv>
        <title>Livres</title>
        <biblioref id="rb1">…</biblioref>
    </bibliodiv>
    <bibliodiv>
        <title>Autres références</title>
        <biblioref id="rb2">…</biblioref>
    </bibliodiv>
</biblio>

example 2

<biblio>
    <title>Bibliographie</title>
    <bibliodiv>
        <biblioref id="rb1">…</biblioref>
        <biblioref id="rb2">…</biblioref>
    </bibliodiv>
    <bibliodiv>
        <title>Articles</title>
        <biblioref id="rb3">…</biblioref>
        <biblioref id="rb4">…</biblioref>
    </bibliodiv>
</biblio>

Label

Bibliography division

Description

a section in a bibliography.

Comments

It is possible that the first division of a bibliography does not include a title.

If the article includes several bibliographies, they will be managed in a separate “biblio” element. However, don't confuse the multiple divisions of a unique bibliography with the presence of several distinct bibliographies.

Examples

example 1

<biblio>
    <title>Références bibliographiques</title>
    <bibliodiv>
    <title>Livres</title>
    <biblioref id="rb1">…</biblioref>
    </bibliodiv>
    <bibliodiv>
    <title>Autres références</title>
    <biblioref id="rb2">…</biblioref>
    </bibliodiv>
</biblio>

example 2

<bibliogr>
    <biblio>
        <title>Bibliographie</title>
        <bibliodiv>
            <biblioref id="rb1">…</biblioref>
            <biblioref id="rb2">…</biblioref>
        </bibliodiv>
        …
    </biblio>
    <biblio>
        <title>Discographie</title>
        <biblioref id="rb3">…</biblioref>
        <biblioref id="rb4">…</biblioref>
    </biblio>
</bibliogr>

Label

Bibliography group

Description

Set of all the bibliographies for the article.

Comments

If the article includes several bibliographies, they will be managed in a separate “biblio” element. However, don't confuse the multiple divisions of a unique bibliography with the presence of several distinct bibliographies.

Examples

example 1

<bibliogr>
    <biblio>
        <title>Bibliographie</title>
        <bibliodiv>
            <biblioref id="rb1">…</biblioref>
            <biblioref id="rb2">…</biblioref>
        </bibliodiv>
        …
    </biblio>
    <biblio>
        <title>Discographie</title>
        <biblioref id="rb3">…</biblioref>
        <biblioref id="rb4">…</biblioref>
    </biblio>
</bibliogr>

Label

Bibliographic reference

Description

The full bibliographic description of a resource mentioned in the described article.

Comments

Note that each part of a reference does not have to go into a separate element for the following reasons: (1) A variety of standard formats are used, depending upon the journal and even the described article; (2) Looking for a specific reference element does not require detailed anchoring; (3) The appearance of each element can be preserved without being anchored according to its content.

Examples

example 1

<biblio>
    <title>Bibliographie</title>
    <biblioref id="rb1">
        <blocktext>BARTHES, R. (1982), Le plaisir du texte, Paris, Éd. du Seuil, coll. «Points»,
        108 p.</blocktext>
    </biblioref>
    <biblioref id="rb2">
        <blocktext>VIVIER, C. (1994), Lonely Child, Saint-Nicolas, Québec,
        Doberman-Yppan.</blocktext>
    </biblioref>
</biblio>

Label

Bibliographic reference-type title

Description

Name (or part of name) by which the article is referred to. Presented in the form of a bibliographic reference. Generally created by the author.

Comments

If the article title consists of more than one bibliographic reference, each goes into a separate “biblioreft” element.

All strings in the same bibliographic reference must be assembled into one string within a single “biblioreft” element, with each string separated by a comma, even if they originally appear in several separate parts (e.g. reference title on one line, followed by rest of reference on another line). In this case, the isolating of the reference title that served to set it apart must be replaced by italic marking.

The title of a review-type article might not be a bibliographic reference, in which case the “title” element should be used in place of “biblioreft”.

Keep the final punctuation.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <biblioreft><highlight hlighttype="uppercase">Hermans</highlight> Theo
    (1999): <highlight hlighttype="italic">Translation in Systems. Descriptive and
    System-Oriented Approaches Explained </highlight>, Manchester, St. Jerome Publishing,
    195 p.</biblioreft>
</titlegr>

example 2

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Débat</issuesect>
    <title>D’un nécessaire passage du témoin</title>
    <biblioreft><highlight hlighttype="smallcap">Bornand</highlight>, Marie,
    <highlight hlighttype="italic">Témoignage et fiction. Les récits de rescapés dans
    la littérature de langue française (1945-2000)</highlight>, Genève, Librairie Droz,
    2004.</biblioreft>
</titlegr>

Label

Bibliography subdivision

Description

A section of a bibliography division

Label

Bibliography sub-subdivision

Description

A section of a bibliography subdidivision.

Label

Biographical note

Description

Brief text concerning a person’s life, activities and work.

Comments

Some journals put all the biographical notes for an issue into a single resource rather than linking them with the corresponding author. In such a case, transfering each biographical note to the articles to which the corresponding author contributed is strongly recommended.

Examples

example 1

<bionotegr>
    <title>Notes biographiques</title>
    <bionote id="nb1" idrefs="au1">
        <persname>…</persname>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </bionote>
    <bionote id="nb2" idrefs="au2">…</bionote>
    <bionote id="nb3" idrefs="au3">…</bionote>
</bionotegr>

Label

Biographical note group

Description

Set of all the biographical notes for the article.

Comments

Some journals put all the biographical notes for an issue into a single resource, rather than joining them with the corresponding author. In such a case, transfering each biographical note to the articles to which the corresponding author contributed is strongly recommended.

Examples

example 1

<bionotegr>
    <title>Notes biographiques</title>
    <bionote id="nb1" idrefs="au1">…</bionote>
    <bionote id="nb2" idrefs="au2">…</bionote>
    <bionote id="nb3" idrefs="au3">…</bionote>
</bionotegr>

Label

Block

Description

A set of information in a block accurately quoting someone’s statements, with not a single word changed; true to the original.

Examples

example 1

<blockquote>
    <verbatim verbtype="poem">
        <block halign="center">
            <line>Un bruit de soie plus lisse que le vent</line>
            <line>Passage de la lumière sur un paysage d'eau.</line>
        </block>
        <block>
            <line>L'éclat de midi efface ta forme devant moi</line>
            <line>Tu trembles et luis comme un miroir</line>
            <line>Tu m'offres le soleil à boire</line>
            <vspace dim="2em"/>
            <line><hspace dim="8ex"/>À même ton visage absent.</line>
        </block>
        <block>
            <line>Trop de lumière empêche de voir;</line>
            <line><hspace dim="18ex"/>l'un et l'autre torche blanche,</line>
            <line><hspace dim="36ex"/>grand vide de midi</line>
            <line>Se cherche à travers le feu et l'eau</line>
            <line><hspace dim="30ex"/>fumée.</line>
        </block>
    </verbatim>
    <source>…</source>
</blockquote>

example 2

<verbatim verbtype="program">
    <block>
        <line>if (!$commande) {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&init;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "l1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&lire;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "e1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&editer;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "m1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&modifier;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>else {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&erreur("Paramètres invalides");</line>
        <line>}</line>
    </block>
</verbatim>

Label

Blockquote

Description

A statement or passage from another source, for which the author’s name and, possibly, the bibliographical note, are indicated. It's a block of information, distinct from what precedes and follows it, hence its name «block»quote.

Examples

example 1

<section1 id="s1n1">
    <para id="pa1">
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        <blockquote>
            <blocktext>Ceci est un bloc de citation dont la lecture est très intéressante,
            j’en conviens.</blocktext>
            <source>Charles Roy, <reference id="re1rb13" idref="rb13" reftype="biblioref">
            2001</reference>, p.12</source>
        </blockquote>
    </para>
    <para id="pa2">…</para>
</section1>

example 2

<section1 id="s1n4">
    <para id="pa21">
        <blocktext>Le problème est exposé par Charles Roy (<reference id="re2rb13" idref="rb13"
        reftype="biblioref">2001</reference> ,p.12) de façon telle que</blocktext>
        <blockquote>
            <blocktext>cette citation est toujours aussi intéressante à lire.</blocktext>
        </blockquote>
    </para>
</section1>

Label

Block of text

Description

A block of lines starting with an indentation (or sometimes the line itself). [...] Be sure not to leave any white space between blocks of text. [...] One or even two spaces can be inserted, but only to create a break in the statement. A set of blocks of text constitutes a paragraph (source: Benoît Patar, Dictionnaire actuel de l’art d’écrire. Fides. 1995).

Comments

Although a block of text is permitted outside a paragraph, its use in this context must be restricted to articles for which no paragraph numbering is needed, because inappropriate for the content (e.g. a play, a list of works received).

Examples

example 1

<para id="pa63">
    <blocktext>Deux accusés qui devaient comparaître mercredi matin se sont échappés
    du fourgon cellulaire en marche qui transportait 22 détenus au Palais de justice de Montréal.</blocktext>
    <ordlist numeration="decimal">…</ordlist>
</para>

example 2

<blockquote>
    <blocktext>Ceci est un bloc de citation dont la lecture est très intéressante, j’en conviens.</blocktext>
    <source>Charles Roy, <reference id="re1rb13" idref="rb13" reftype="biblioref"> 2001 </reference>,
    p12</source>
</blockquote>

Label

Body of the article

Description

Core, main section of the article.

Comments

The “lang” attribute can be used when the article is available in several languages and that you wish to manage the various versions of the article in only one XML file, with multiple “body” elements.

Examples

example 1

<article idprop="" lang="fr" arttype="article" processingqual="complete">
    <admin>…</admin>
    <linkgr>…</linkgr>
    <frontmatter>…</frontmatter>
    <body>
        <dedication>…</dedication>
        <epigraph>
            <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        </epigraph>
        <section1 id="s1n1">
            <title>…</title>
            <para id="pa1">…</para>
        </section1>
    </body>
    <backmatter>…</backmatter>
</article>

example 2

<article idprop="" lang="fr" arttype="article" processingqual="minimal" seqord="1">
    <admin>…</admin>
    <frontmatter>…</frontmatter>
    <body lang="en">
        <text>…</text>
    </body>
    <body lang="fr">
        <text>…</text>
    </body>
</article>

Label

Bookmark

Description

Material sign, like a band of paper, paperboard, leather, a ribbon, etc, which is inserted between the book pages and whose function is to allow the reader to quickly find a passage of a work.

Comments

The presence of this element, in the text, will mark the beginning of the page whereas its contents will be the number of the page it marks.

Examples

example 1

<para id="pa63">
    <blocktext>< bookmark>27</bookmark> Deux accusés qui devaient comparaître
    mercredi matin se sont échappés du fourgon cellulaire en marche qui transportait 22 détenus au
    Palais de justice de Montréal.</blocktext>
    <ordlist numeration="decimal">…</ordlist>
</para>

Label

Box

Description

Text surrounded by a line on four sides and containing information detail or a related item.

Examples

example 1

<box type="1">
    <no>Encadré 3</no>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <title>Syndrome du QT long</title>
    </caption>
    <section1>
        <blocktext>Le phénotype du syndrome du QT long congénital est caractérisé par un espace QT anormalement
        long à l’ECG. La découverte de la maladie concerne souvent des sujets jeunes. Il existe une
        prédominance féminine, qui a été retrouvée dans le registre international et dans plusieurs études
        cliniques où le critère de diagnostic était purement électrocardiographique. Cette prédominance
        féminine pourrait s’expliquer par le fait que les femmes ont physiologiquement un espace QT plus
        long que celui des hommes. Les sujets atteints ont une bradycardie sinusale relative. Le problème 
        cardies ventriculaires polymorphes paroxystiques, entrecoupées de retour en rythme sinusal, ayant
        toutes les caractéristiques des torsades de pointes. Les syncopes apparaissent habituellement dans
        des situations de stress, surtout lors d’une émotion mais peuvent aussi apparaître au repos</blocktext>
        <figure id="fi2">…</figure>
    </section1>
    <source><simplelink xlink:href="http://www.ifr26.nantes.inserm.fr/">
    http://www.ifr26.nantes.inserm.fr/</simplelink></source>
</box>

Label

Box group

Description

Set of boxes in an article.

Comments

The element is used only to represent the subdivision of an idea into multiple boxes, e.g. Box 1a, Box 1b and Box 1c grouped under Box 1.

Sets of boxes, when appearing within a paragraph, should be relocated at the end of that paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<boxgr id="gn1">
    <no>Encadré 1</no>
    <box id="en1">
        <no>a</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <section1>…</section1>
        <boxnote id="nn1">…</boxnote>
    </box>
    <box id="en2">
        <no>b</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <section1>…</section1>
        <boxnote id="nn2">…</boxnote>
    </box>
    <source>…</source>
</boxgr>

Label

Note about a box

Description

A brief comment on all or part of a box.

Examples

example 1

<box>
    <no>Encadré 1</no>
    <section1>
        <para>
            <blocktext><highlight hlighttype="bold">Les ADN hélicases RecQ</highlight>
            ont été nommées ainsi par référence à l’hélicase bactérienne (<highlight
            hlighttype="italic">E. coli</highlight>) RecQ, qui est impliquée à la fois dans la
            voie de recombinaison homologue RecF et dans la suppression de la recombinaison
             illégitime. </blocktext>
            <blocktext> Chez l’homme, cinq hélicases de type RecQ ont été identifiées à ce jour, dont
            trois sont défectueuses dans des syndromes associant instabilité génétique et prédisposition
            au cancer <reference id="re1nn1" idref="nn1" reftype="boxnote">1</reference>. Ces syndromes
            sont le syndrome de Werner (RecQL2), le syndrome de Bloom (RecQL3) et certains cas de syndrome
            de Rothmund-Thomson (RecQL4) .</blocktext>
        </para>
    <section1>
    <boxnote id="nn1">
        <no>1</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </boxnote>
</box>

Label

Caption for a box, example, equation, figure, object or table.

Description

Text explaining a box, an example, an equation, a figure, an object or a table consisting of, among other things, the title.

Comments

There should be only one “caption” element in the same language for the same box, example, equation, figure, object or table.

The title and subtitle, generally marked, should appear inside the “title” and “subtitle” elements that are sub-elements of the “caption” element, while the rest of the information related to the caption should appear in one or more “blocktext” elements that are also sub-elements of the “caption” element.

Examples

example 1

<figure id="fi3">
    <no>Figure 2</no>
    <caption lang="en">
        <title>…</title>
        <subtitle>…</subtitle>
        <blocktext>Geologists who investigated glaciation in the White Mountains during the
        period 1840-1940.</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <title>…</title>
        <subtitle>…</subtitle>
        <blocktext>Les géologues qui ont étudié la glaciation dans les White Mountains de
        1840 à 1940.</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im11"  imagetype="figure"/>
    </mediaobject>
</figure>

Label

Collection number

Description

A collection number. A collection is the gathering of a certain amount of books, under the same collection title.

Label

Collection title

Description

Name of the collection of which a work is part of, generally placed on the cover or title page or elsewhere in the work.

Label

Contribution

Description

Mention of the type of contribution made to the article, or to a part of it.

Comments

This element should be used if a special mention comes before the author’s (or guest editor's) name in the print version of the article.

This element could have no textual contents since the contribution's identification could consist only in the use of the “contribtype” and “contriblevel” attribute values.

Examples

example 1

<author id="au2">
    <contribution contriblevel="secondary">En collaboration avec</contribution>
    <persname>
        <firstname>Jasmine</firstname>
        <familyname>Tursi</familyname>
    </persname>
</author>

example 2

<author id="au4">
    <contribution contribtype="trl">Traduction de</contribution>
    <persname>
        <firstname>Jean-François</firstname>
        <familyname>Tremblay</familyname>
    </persname>
</author>

Label

Copyright

Description

The exclusive right, granted by law for a certain number of years, to make and dispose of and otherwise to control copies of a literary, scientific, or artistic work.

Comments

Generally, the publisher and copyright holder are the same organization.

Examples

example 1

<copyright>Tous droits réservés ©<orgname>Fédération des travailleurs autonomes
du Québec</orgname>, 2001</copyright>

example 2

<copyright>
    <statement>Tous droits réservés</statement>
    <year>2001</year>
    <orgname>Fédération des travailleurs autonomes du Québec</orgname>
</copyright>

example 3

<copyright>
    <statement>Tous droits réservés © Association des analystes retraités et
    Isabelle Levasseur, 2003</statement>
    <year>2003</year>
    <orgname>Association des analystes retraités</orgname>
    <persname>
        <firstname>Isabelle</firstname>
        <familyname>Levasseur</familyname>
    </persname>
</copyright>

Label

Date

Description

A date associated with a particular event in the article’s life cycle.

Format

The required format is ISO 8601: CCYY-MM-DD.

References

ISO 8601 (http://www.iso.org/iso/fr/prods-services/popstds/datesandtime.html)

Label

Dedication

Description

Author’s inscription dedicating the text to one or more persons.

Examples

example 1

<body>
    <dedication>À mon ami Robert</dedication>
    <section1 id="s1n1">…</section1>
</body>

Label

Descriptor

Description

A word or set of words selected from a document’s title or text that reflects the work's contents and allows for text searches.

Comments

The information that this element contains is usually provided by the publisher or print producer and not by the digital publisher or distributor.

Examples

example 1

<descriptorgr lang="en" scheme="The Astronomy Thesaurus (International
Astronomical Union)">
    <descripteur>Cosmology</descriptor>
    <descripteur>Astrometry</descriptor>
    <descripteur>Astrophysics</descriptor>
</descriptorgr>

Label

Descriptor group

Description

Set of descriptors of the same language in an article or journal.

Comments

All descriptors of the same language must be placed in a single “descriptorgr” element.

Each descriptor must be placed in a distinct “descriptor” element.

Examples

example 1

<descriptorgr lang="fr" scheme="Classification de la recherche universitaire
(Expertise recherche Québec)">
    <descriptor desctype="champdisciplinaire" level="main">Sciences
    humaines</descriptor>
    <facet facettype="dimension">Discipline</facet>
    <descriptor desctype="champdisciplinaire" level="secondary">Sciences
    sociales</descriptor>
    <facet facettype="dimension">Discipline</facet>
    <descriptor desctype="domaine">Développement et fonctionnement des
    personnes et des communautés,
    et vie sociale</descriptor>
    <facet facettype="dimension">Objet de recherche</facet>
</descriptorgr>

example 2

<descriptorgr lang="en" scheme="The Astronomy Thesaurus (International
Astronomical Union)">
    <descripteur>Cosmology</descriptor>
    <descripteur>Astrometry</descriptor>
    <descripteur>Astrophysics</descriptor>
</descriptorgr>

Label

Digital distributor

Description

Artificial person (organization) responsible for the dissemination of electronic publications.

Examples

example 1

<digdist id="">
    <orgname>Érudit</orgname>
<digdist>

Label

Digital producer

Description

Artificial person (organization) who produces works, in digital format.

Examples

example 1

<digprod>
    <orgname>HighWire Press</orgname>
</digprod>

Label

Digital publication

Description

Information linked to the act of digitally publishing an article.

Examples

example 1

<digpub>
    <date datetype="publication">2001-01-28</date>
</digpub>

example 2

<digpub>
    <date datetype="validation">1997-09-15</date>
    <date datetype="publication">1997-09-22</date>
    <date datetype="publication2">1998-04-06</date>
</digpub>

Label

Duration

Description

Duration (timing) of an audio and/or video recording.

Label

Edition number

Description

An edition is the set of print runs which are printed with same typographical composition or made from the same copy serving as master form.

Label

Editor

Description

The head of a journal (generally both editorial and administration).

Examples

example 1

<editor>
    <position>Directrice adjointe</position>
    <persname>
        <firstname>Mélanie</firstname>
        <familyname>Lecourbe</familyname>
    </persname>
</editor>

Label

Author's email address

Description

Personal identifier of an Internet user allowing him to communicate by electronic mail with other Internet users.

Comments

A “simplelink” element must always appear inside an email.

If the author has more than one email address, each belongs in a separate “email” element.

Format

All email addresses must be in a format in accordance with the RFC 3986 standard, concerning all the URIs' general syntax.

References

RFC 3986 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt)

Examples

example 1

<author id="au2">
    <persname>…</persname>
    <affiliation>…</affiliation>
    <email><simplelink xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mailto:toto.leclown@cirque.org"
    xlink:show ="none" xlink:actuate="onRequest">toto.leclown@cirque.org</simplelink></email>
</author>

Label

Epigraph

Description

A maxim or quote in prose or verse that reflects the spirit of the article.

Comments

The “epigraph” element is found right at the beginning of the body of the article, before the first-level first section, or at the beginning of any section level.

If the epigraph is formatted as a blockquote, the “blockquote” element should only be used if the contents of the blockquote are referred to in the subsequent text. Otherwise, use an “epigraph” element even if this means the original format will not be maintained.

If the epigraph is a poem, a “verbatim” element should be placed inside the “epigraph” element.

If there are several epigraphs, put each one in a separate “epigraph” element.

Since an epigraph is, by definition, a quotation, no “blockquote” element should be put inside the “epigraph” element.

Examples

example 1

<epigraph>
    <verbatim>…</verbatim>
    <source><reference id="re1rb3" idref="rb3" reftype="biblioref">…</reference></source>
</epigraph>

Label

Note about an equation

Description

A brief comment on part or all of an equation.

Examples

example 1

<equation id="eq3">
    <no>Équation 3</no>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im1" imagetype="equation" xlink:type="simple" xlink:show="embed"
        xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:href="equation.jpg" xlink:title="Image de l’équation 1"
        dimx="200" dimy="40" desc="Équation numérisée à partir du papier" />
    </mediaobject>
    <eqnote id="ne1">
        <no>*</no>
        <blocktext>Ce résultat provient d’un calcul effectué en 1998.</blocktext>
    </eqnote>
</equation>

Label

Equation

Description

Includes equations, as well as mathematical and chemical formulas.

Comments

Note that the equation can take the form of an image (“mediaobject”) or a text (e.g. “blocktext”).

An equation must contain only “image”-type media objects, even if the “mediaobject” element’s content model also includes “audio” and “video” elements.

The content of the “no” sub-element should be entered as it appears in the article while retaining the same punctuation as in the original article. It involves mentioning the type of object, as well as its number, such as: (1), [34], etc.

Equations, which generally appear inside a paragraph, must remain inside the paragraph.

Note that the caption of an equation often begins with a “where” string and usually comes after the equation itself.

Examples

example 1

<equation id="eq1">
    <no>Équation 1</no>
    <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im2" imagetype="equation" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="equation1.jpg"
        xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:title="Image de l’équation 1" dimx="200"
        dimy="40" desc="équation numérisée à partir du papier" />
    </mediaobject>
    <eqnote id="ne1">…</eqnote>
    <source>…</source>
</equation>

example 2

equation id="eq1">
    <no>Équation 1</no>
    <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
    <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    <eqnote id="ne1">…</eqnote>
    <source>…</source>
</equation>

Label

Equation group

Description

Set of equations and/or mathematical or chemical formulas in an article.

Comments

The element is used only to represent the subdivision of an idea into multiple equations, e.g. Equations 1a, 1b and 1c grouped under Equation 1.

The set of equations, which generally appears inside a paragraph, must remain inside the paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<equationgr id="ge1">
    <no>Équation 1</no>
    <equation id="eq1">
        <no>Équation 1a</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">
            <image id="im2" imagetype="equation" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="equation1a.jpg"
            xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:title="Image de l’équation 1" dimx="200"
            dimy="40" desc="équation numérisée à partir du papier"/>
        </mediaobject>
    <eqnote id="ne1">…</eqnote>
    </equation>
    <equation id="eq2">
        <no>Équation 1b</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">
            <image id="im3" imagetype="equation"  xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="equation1b.jpg"
            xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:title="Image de l’équation 1" dimx="200"
            dimy="40" desc="équation numérisée à partir du papier"/>
        </mediaobject>
        <eqnote id="ne2">…</eqnote>
    </equation>
    <source>…</source>
</equationgr>

Label

Erratum

Description

Typographical or any other error found in a work, with mention of the appropriate correction.

Comments

When processing an issue containing an erratum (or errata), an article is created for the erratum (or errata). Also, the processing technician must go back to the issue with the errors mentioned in the erratum (or errata) and add the “erratum” element to the articles concerned. The “xlink:href” attribute should contain the link to the erratum (or errata).

Examples

example 1

<erratum xlink:href="/revue/cqd/2002/v31/n2/000671ar.html" xlink:show="replace"
xlink:actuate="onRequest" xlink:title="Afficher l’erratum relatif à cet article"/>

Label

Example

Description

Intended to explain or illustrate what has just been stated in the text.

Comments

Use of the word “example” in the text of an article does not necessarily mean a block of information has to be tagged in an “example” element. The use of “example” should be limited to one or more of the following cases: (1) Example with unique numeration; (2) Example with a legend, notes and/or source; (3) Presence of a full-size image that must be displayed for semantic reasons when loading the article, and not in the form of a thumbnail, and that is not inside a box, a table cell, a relation list or an equation.

Note that the example generally takes the form of text (e.g. “blocktext”, “tabtext” but can also be in the form of an image (“objetmedia”).

An example whose entire content consists of a quotation must not have its content tagged in a “blockquote” element. Instead, tag it all in simple sentence elements and add the source in a “source” element child of the “example” element.

The content of the “no” sub-element must be entered as it appears in the article, with or without initial or final punctuation. It consists of the mention of the type of object and its number, such as Example 1, 1, Ex. 1, etc.

Examples, which generally appear inside a paragraph, must remain inside the paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<example id="ex5">
    <no>Exemple 3</no>
    <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im2" imagetype="example" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="exemple3.jpg"
        xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:title="Image de l’exemple 3" dimx="200"
        dimy="40" desc="exemple numérisée à partir du papier"/>
    </mediaobject>
    <exnote id="nx1">…</exnote>
    <source>…</source>
</example>

example 2

<example id="ex12">
    <no>Exemple9</no>
    <blocktext>…</blocktext>
</example>

Label

Example group

Description

Set of examples in an article.

Comments

The element is used only to represent the subdivision of an idea into multiple examples, e.g. Examples 1a, 1b and 1c grouped under Exemple 1.

The set of examples, which generally appears inside a paragraph, must remain inside the paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<examplegr id="gx1">
    <no>1</no>
    <example id="ex1">
        <no>a</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <blocktext></blocktext>
        <exnote id="nx1">…</exnote>
    </example>
    <example id="ex2">
        <no>b</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        <exnote id="nx2">…</exnote>
    </example>
    <source>…</source>
</examplegr>

Label

Note about an example

Description

A brief comment on part or all of an example.

Examples

example 1

<example id="ex1">
    <no>Ex. 1</no>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <relationlist type="1">…</relationlist>
    <exnote id="nx1">
        <no>*</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </exnote>
</example>

Label

Facet

Description

Category for classifying and indexing works based on a single characteristic.

Comments

The information that this element contains is usually provided by the publisher or print producer and not by the digital publisher or distributor.

Examples

example 1

<descriptorgr lang="fr" scheme="Classification de la recherche universitaire
(Expertise recherche Québec)">
    <descriptor desctype="champdisciplinaire" level="main">Sciences
    humaines</descriptor>
    <facet facettype="dimension">Discipline</facet>
    <descriptor desctype="champdisciplinaire" level="secondary">Sciences
    sociales</descriptor>
    <facet facettype="dimension">Discipline</facet>
    <descriptor desctype="domaine">Développement et fonctionnement des
    personnes et des communautés,
    et vie sociale</descriptor>
    <facet facettype="dimension">Objet de recherche</facet>
</descriptorgr>

Label

A person’s family name

Description

Last name, which identifies members of the same family.

Comments

Multipart family names (van Beethoven) and hyphenated family names (Smith-Jones) are put into a single “familyname” element, as they are.

Examples

example 1

<familyname>De Billy</familyname>

example 2

<familyname>Champagne-Tremblay</familyname>

Label

Note about a figure

Description

A short note on part or all of a figure.

Examples

example 1

<figure id="fi1">
    <no>Fig. 1</no>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <blocktext>Comparaison entre les différentes races de babouins en Afrique.</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im1" imagetype="figure" />
    </mediaobject>
    <fignote id="nf1">
        <no>c</no>
        <blocktext>Notez que la couleur du poil du babouin, d’un roux éclatant, n’est pas due
        à une exposition prolongée au soleil.</blocktext>
    </fignote>
</figure>

Label

Figure

Description

The representation of a concept, in the form of a drawing, map, graph, diagram, photo, engraving or the like, which helps understanding the article.

Comments

Note that the figure can only be in the form of an image (“mediaobject”).

A figure must contain only “image”-type media objects, even if the content model of the “mediaobject” element includes “audio” and “video” elements.

The content of the “no” sub-element must be entered as it appears in the article, with or without initial or final punctuation. It consists of a mention of the type of object and its number, such as: (ex : Figure 1, Fig. 1, Map 1, Photo 1, Diagram 1, Graph 1, etc.)

Generally speaking, figures referenced in a paragraph should be presented after that paragraph.

Use the “figure” element only to tag objects that correspond semantically to figures and not tables (“table”) or boxes (“box”) that might mistakenly contain numbering with the word “figure”.

Examples

example 1

<figure id="fi3">
    <no>Fig. 2</no>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <blocktext>Comparaison entre les races de babouins en Afrique.</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im7" imagetype="figure" />
    </mediaobject>
    <fignote id="nf1">…</fignote>
    <source>…</source>
</figure>

Label

Figure group

Description

Set of figures in an article.

Comments

The element is used only to represent the subdivision of an idea into multiple figures, e.g. Fig. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d grouped under Figure 3.

Sets of figures appearing within a paragraph should be relocated at the end of that paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<figuregr id="gf1">
    <no>Figure 3</no>
    <figure id="fi3">
        <no>Fig. 3a</no>
        <caption lang="fr">
            <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        </caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">
            <image id="im7" imagetype="figure" />
        </mediaobject>
    </figure>
    <figure id="fi4">
        <no>Fig. 3b</no>
        <caption lang="fr">
            <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        </caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">
            <image id="im8" imagetype="figure" />
        </mediaobject>
        <fignote id="nf3">…</fignote>
    </figure>
    <figure id="fi5">
        <no>Fig. 3c</no>
        <caption lang="fr">
            <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        </caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">
            <image id="im9" imagetype="figure" />
        </mediaobject>
        <fignote id="nf4">…</fignote>
    </figure>
    <source>…</source>
</figuregr>

Label

A person’s first name.

Description

Individual name used to distinguish the person from other members of the same family.

Comments

Initials, second names, nicknames or any other parts of the name coming between the first and family name go into a single “middlename” element.

If it is a pseudonym, or any other person's name comprising only one character string, it is recommended to integrate it into the “firstname”element.

Examples

example 1

<persname>
    <firstname>Wolfgang</firstname>
    <middlename>Amadeus</middlename>
    <familyname>Mozart</familyname>
</persname>

example 2

<persname persnametype="pseudonym">
    <firstname>Pink</firstname>
</persname>

Label

First page

Description

Number of the article’s first page.

Comments

The page number indicated in this element must not include advertising that might precede an article. Therefore, the number must be that of the page on which the article begins, this number not necessarily being the number immediately following that of the last page of the preceding article.

Examples

example 1

<pagination>
    <fpage>92</fpage>
    <lpage>115</lpage>
</pagination>

Label

Front matter

Description

Pages found at the beginning of a work before the body of the article.

Examples

example 1

<frontmatter>
    <erratum xlink:href="" xlink:show="replace" xlink:actuate="onRequest"/>
    <titlegr>…</titlegr>
    <authorgr>…</authorgr>
    <gennote gnotetype="edito">…</gennote>
    <abstract lang="fr">…</abstract>
    <abstract lang="en">…</abstract>
    <keywordgr lang="fr">…</keywordgr>
    <keywordgr lang="en">…</keywordgr>
</frontmatter>

Label

General note

Description

Brief explanatory text from the editor, author, digital producer or digital distributor, placed at the beginning or end of an article, issue section or issue.

Comments

It is recommended to insert the introductory statements leading into the text of an interview in this element.

Examples

example 1

<gennote gnotetype="edito">
    <title>NDLR</title>
    <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    <author>
        <persname>…</persname>
    </author>
</gennote>

Label

Highlight

Description

Action of highlighting a segment of text by modifying its visual attributes.

Examples

example 1

<para id="pa18">
    <blocktext> Nous allons parler du livre de J.R.R. Tolkien qui porte le nom suivant :
    <highlight hlighttype="italic">The Lord Of The Rings</highlight> ou, en français,
    <highlight hlighttype="italic">Le seigneur des anneaux</highlight>. </blocktext>
</para>

Label

Horizontal space

Description

Horizontal space between two characters or two words.

Examples

example 1

<blockquote>
    <verbatim verbtype="poem">
        <block halign="center">
            <line>Un bruit de soie plus lisse que le vent</line>
            <line>Passage de la lumière sur un paysage d'eau.</line>
        </block>
        <block>
            <line>L'éclat de midi efface ta forme devant moi</line>
            <line>Tu trembles et luis comme un miroir</line>
            <line>Tu m'offres le soleil à boire</line>
            <vspace dim="2em"/>
            <line><hspace dim="8ex"/>À même ton visage absent.</line>
        </block>
        <block>
            <line>Trop de lumière empêche de voir;</line>
            <line><hspace dim="18ex"/>l'un et l'autre torche blanche,</line>
            <line><hspace dim="36ex"/>grand vide de midi</line>
            <line>Se cherche à travers le feu et l'eau</line>
            <line><hspace dim="30ex"/>fumée.</line>
        </block>
    </verbatim>
    <source>…</source>
</blockquote>

example 2

<verbatim verbtype="program">
    <block>
        <line>if (!$commande) {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&init;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "l1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&lire;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "e1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&editer;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "m1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&modifier;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>else {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&erreur("Paramètres invalides");</line>
        <line>}</line>
    </block>
</verbatim>

Label

Digital ISBN

Description

For International Standard Book Number. An international identifier for each book or edition of a book or each issue of a journal from a particular publisher, in digital format.

Examples

example 1

<iddigisbn>2-7606-2107-7</iddigisbn>

Label

13 digits digital ISBN

Description

For International Standard Book Number. A 13 digits international identifier for each book or edition of a book or each issue of a journal from a particular publisher, in digital format.

Examples

example 1

<iddigisbn13>978-2-7606-2107-3</iddigisbn13>

Label

Digital ISSN

Description

For International Standard Serial Number. An international identifier for each key title of a digital serial publication.

Examples

example 1

<iddigissn>8632-1234</iddigissn>

Label

ISBN

Description

For International Standard Book Number. An international identifier for each book or edition of a book or each issue of a journal from a particular publisher.

Examples

example 1

<idisbn>2-7606-2107-7</idisbn>

Label

13 digits ISBN

Description

For International Standard Book Number. A 13 digits international identifier for each book or edition of a book or each issue of a journal from a particular publisher.

Examples

example 1

<idisbn13>978-2-7606-2107-3</idisbn13>

Label

ISSN

Description

For International Standard Serial Number. An international identifier for each key title of a printed serial publication.

Comments

If the journal is disseminated only in digital form and has no (print) ISSN, we simply recommend not to use this element.

Examples

example 1

<idissn>4829-0298</idissn>

Label

Public identifier

Description

Any name, character or indicator that characterizes an item of information and serves to identify it or recognize it as such using any search method. Established on the basis of a public standard.

Examples

example 1

<idpublic scheme="uri">…</idpublic>

example 2

<idpublic scheme="doi">…</idpublic>

Label

Image

Description

Illustrations in a book, magazine or any other printed matter to explain the text, such as figures, maps, diagrams, tables etc. Also used to illustrate portions of text too complex to be presented in text form. This element is used to indicate the image’s anchor position in the document.

Comments

The XLink attributes, dimensions and description are specified only when there is no reference to the image in the “linkgr” group (see examples 2 and 3 below).

Group together only decorative and/or presentational illustrations in a distinct resource when there is an obvious link between an artist and the journal (e.g. Circuit). Otherwise, we strongly recommend not to keep the decorative images.

Examples

example 1

<mediaobject float="inline">
    <image  id="im15" imagetype="equation" xlink:href="equation.jpg"
    xlink:title="Image de l’équation 1" dimx="200" dimy="40"
    desc="équation numérisée à partir du papier" />
</mediaobject>

example 2

<mediaobject float="block">
    <image id="im22" imagetype="figure" xlink:href="a001im022n.jpg"
    xlink:title="fig.1" dimx="320" dimy="640" desc="Image saisie"/>
</mediaobject>

example 3

<!—lorsqu’il y a plusieurs manifestations de l’image et que
les informations sur chacune d’elles se trouvent dans le “grlien” -->
<mediaobject float="block">
    <image id="im22" imagetype="figure" />
</mediaobject>

Label

Inline equation

Description

An equation whose formatting follows the flow of text.

Label

Issue of a journal

Description

All copies of a journal or serial publication published at the same time and bearing the same sequential number.

Examples

example 1

<issue id="">
    <volume>…</volume>
    <issueno>…</issueno>
    <aissueno>…<aissueno>
    <pub>…</pub>
    <digpub>…</digpub>
    <themegr>…</themegr>
    <idisbn>…</idisbn>
    <iddigisbn>…</iddigisbn>
    <idisbn13>…</idisbn13>
    <iddigisbn13>…</iddigisbn13>
    <gennote gnotetype="edito">…</gennote>
</issue>

example 2

<issue id="">
    <volume>5</volume>
    <issueno>2</issueno>
    <issueno>3</issueno>
    …
</issue>

example 3

<issue id="">
    <issueno>83</issueno>
    …
</issue>

Label

Journal issue number

Description

Journal issue number.

Comments

In the case of multiple issues within the same volume, put each issue number into a separate “issueno” element.

Examples

example 1

<issue id="">
    <volume>32</volume>
    <issueno>3</issueno>
    …
</issue>

example 2

<issue id="">
    <volume>5</volume>
    <issueno>2</issueno>
    <issueno>3</issueno> 
    …
</issue>

example 3

<issue id="">
    <issueno>83</issueno> 
    …
</issue>

Label

Issue section

Description

Heading (corresponds to a feature, section or other division) under which the article is found in the table of contents of the journal issue.

Comments

The issue section might not be found in the article itself but, rather, in the table of contents of the journal issue in which the article was published. If so, it must be moved into the “issuesect” element.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Bloc-notes</issuesect>
    …
</titlegr>

example 2

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Comptes rendus</issuesect>
    <paralissuesect lang="en">Reviews</paralissuesect> 
    …
</titlegr>

Label

Level 2 issue section

Description

Heading (corresponds to a level 2 feature, section or other division) under which the article is found in the table of contents of the journal issue.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Chroniques</issuesect>
    <issuesect2>Poésie</issuesect2>
    …
</titlegr>

Label

Level 3 issue section

Description

Heading (corresponds to a level 3 feature, section or other division) under which the article is found in the table of contents of the journal issue.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Comptes rendus</issuesect>
    <issuesect2>Régionalisme et régions</issuesect2>
    <issuesect3>Moyen-Orient</issuesect3>
    … 
</titlegr>

Label

Journal

Description

Information about the journal. A journal is a specialized periodical containing articles that have been written by specialists, are accompanied by a bibliography and are generally submitted to a reading committee.

Examples

example 1

<journal id="" lang="fr">
    <jtitle>…</jtitle>
    <jsubtitle>…</jsubtitle>
    <jparaltitle lang="en">…</jparaltitle>
    <jparalsubtitle lang="en">…</jparalsubtitle>
    <jshorttitle>…</jshorttitle>
    <descriptorgr lang="fr">…</descriptorgr>
    <idissn>…</idissn>
    <iddigissn>…</iddigissn>
    <editor>…</editor>
    <assoceditor>…</assoceditor>
</journal>

Label

Journal parallel short title

Description

Short form of the journal’s parallel title.

Comments

The journal parallel short title is determined by the journal, and is generally used, instead of the journal's parallel title.

Examples

example 1

<jtitle>Relations industrielles</jtitle>
<jparaltitle lang="en">Industrial Relations</jparaltitle>
<jshorttitle>RI</jshorttitle>
<jparalshorttitle lang="en">IR</jparalshorttitle>

example 2

<jtitle>Journal of the Canadian Historical Association</jtitle>
<jparaltitle lang="fr">Revue de la Société historique du Canada</jparaltitle>
<jshorttitle>JCHA</jshorttitle>
<jparalshorttitle lang="fr">RSHC</jparalshorttitle>

Label

Journal parallel subtitle

Description

Second part of the name of the journal, presented in a language other than the journal’s main language..

Examples

example 1

<journal id="" lang="en">
    <jtitle>Intersections</jtitle>
    <jsubtitle>Canadian Journal of Music</jsubtitle>
    <jparaltitle lang="fr">Intersections</jparaltitle>
    <jparalsubtitle lang="fr">revue canadienne de musique</jparalsubtitle>
</journal>

Label

Journal parallel title

Description

Journal’s name (all or first part) presented in a language other than its main language.

Examples

example 1

<jtitle>Relations industrielles</jtitle>
<jparaltitle lang="en">Industrial Relations</jparaltitle>

example 2

<jtitle>Loisir et société</jtitle>
<jparaltitle lang="en">Society and Leisure</jparaltitle>

Label

Journal short title

Description

Short form of the journal’s title

Comments

The journal short title is determined by the journal, and is generally used, instead of the journal's title.

Examples

example 1

<jtitle>Santé mentale au Québec</jtitle>
<jshorttitle>SMQ</jshorttitle>

example 2

<jtitle>Lien social et Politiques</jtitle>
<jshorttitle>LSP</jshorttitle>

Label

Journal subtitle

Description

Second part of the name of the journal.

Examples

example 1

<journal id="" lang="fr">
    <jtitle>Meta</jtitle>
    <jsubtitle>journal des traducteurs</jsubtitle>
    <jparaltitle lang="en">Meta</jparaltitle>
    <jparalsubtitle lang="en">Translator’s Journal</jparalsubtitle>
</journal>

Label

Journal title

Description

Name (all or first part) of the journal in which the described article is published.

Examples

example 1

<jtitle>Meta</jtitle>

example 2

<jtitle>Santé mentale au Québec</jtitle>

Label

Keyword

Description

Words and/or phrases that represent key ideas and concepts expressed in the article.

Comments

The keywords in the article are generally found after an abstract in the same language.

Examples

example 1

<keywordgr lang="fr">
    <title>Mots-clés</title>
    <keyword>xml</keyword>
    <keyword>internet</keyword>
    <keyword>commerce électronique</keyword>
</keywordgr>

Label

Keyword group

Description

Set of all the keywords of an article, usually in the same language.

Comments

It is recommended to place all the keywords in the same language in a single “keywordgr” element.

Each keyword must be placed in a separate “keyword” element.

Examples

example 1

<keywordgr lang="fr">
    <title>Mots-clés</title>
    <keyword>arbre</keyword>
    <keyword>nature</keyword>
    <keyword>érable</keyword>
</keywordgr>
<keywordgr lang="en">
    <title>Keywords</title>
    <keyword>tree</keyword>
    <keyword>nature</keyword>
    <keyword>maple</keyword>
</keywordgr>

Label

Line

Description

Set of information on one line accurately representing someone’s statements, with not a single word changed; true to the text.

Examples

example 1

<blockquote>
    <verbatim verbtype="poem">
        <block halign="center">
            <line>Un bruit de soie plus lisse que le vent</line>
            <line>Passage de la lumière sur un paysage d'eau.</line>
        </block>
        <block>
            <line>L'éclat de midi efface ta forme devant moi</line>
            <line>Tu trembles et luis comme un miroir</line>
            <line>Tu m'offres le soleil à boire</line>
            <vspace dim="2em"/>
            <line><hspace dim="8ex"/>À même ton visage absent.</line>
        </block>
        <block>
            <line>Trop de lumière empêche de voir;</line>
            <line><hspace dim="18ex"/>l'un et l'autre torche blanche,</line>
            <line><hspace dim="36ex"/>grand vide de midi</line>
            <line>Se cherche à travers le feu et l'eau</line>
            <line><hspace dim="30ex"/>fumée.</line>
        </block>
    </verbatim>
    <source>…</source>
</blockquote>

example 2

<verbatim verbtype="program">
    <block>
        <line>if (!$commande) {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&init;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "l1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&lire;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "e1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&editer;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>elsif ($commande eq "m1") {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&modifier;</line>
        <line>}</line>
        <line>else {</line>
        <line><hspace dim="4ex"/>&erreur("Paramètres invalides");</line>
        <line>}</line>
    </block>
</verbatim>

Label

Link

Description

It is an arc-type XLink element. It must be the child of an extended XLink-type element, in this case, the “linkgr” element. This element is used to bridge two resources located by pointers. The link specifies the direction of the connection (source->destination), as well as the rules for the display mode of the target resource and for activating the hyperlink.

Examples

example 1

<!-- Exemple avec valeurs d’attributs par défaut -->
<linkgr>
    <!-- Notes -->
    <!-- no1 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1no1" xlink:label="re1no1" xlink:title="Appel de note 1" />
    <pointer xlink:href="#no1" xlink:label="no1" xlink:title="Note 1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1no1" xlink:to="no1" xlink:title="Afficher la note 1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="no1" xlink:to="re1no1" xlink:title="Retour à l’appel de note 1
    dans le texte" />
</linkgr>

Label

Link group

Description

Set of information about links. This group contains the set of information about multidirectional links and images in multiple forms (thumbnail, full-scale image, SVG).

Examples

example 1

<linkgr>
    <!-- Notes -->
    <!-- no1 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1no1" xlink:label="re1no1" /> 
    <pointer xlink:href="#no1" xlink:label="no1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1no1" xlink:to="no1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="no1" xlink:to="re1no1" />
    <!-- no2 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1no2" xlink:label="re1no2" />
    <pointer xlink:href="#no2" xlink:label="no2" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1no2" xlink:to="no2"/>
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="no2" xlink:to="re1no2" />
    <!-- Références bibliographiques -->
    <!—rb1 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#rb1" xlink:label="rb1" />
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1rb1" xlink:label="re1rb1"/>
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1rb1" xlink:to="rb1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="rb1" xlink:to="re1rb1" />
    <pointer xlink:href="#re2_rb1" xlink:label="re2rb1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re2rb1" xlink:to="rb1"/>
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="rb2" xlink:to="re2rb2" />
    <!—rb2 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1rb2" xlink:label="rb2"/>
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1rb2" xlink:label="re1rb2" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1rb2" xlink:to="rb2" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="rb2" xlink:to="re1rb2" />
    <!-- Renvois -->
    <!-- fi1 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#fi1" xlink:label="fi1" />
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1fi1" xlink:label="rr1fi1"/>
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1fi1" xlink:to="fi1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="fi1" xlink:to="re1fi1" />
    <!-- ta1 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#ta1" xlink:label="ta1"/>
    <pointer xlink:href="#re1ta1" xlink:label="re1ta1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="re1ta1" xlink:to="ta1" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="ta1" xlink:to="re1ta1" />
    <!—Figures (images) -->
    <!-- im1 -->
    <pointer xlink:href="#im1" xlink:label="im1" />
    <pointer xlink:href="a001f001t.jpg" xlink:label="im1t"  xlink:title="fig.1 Imagette" dimx="80"
    dimy="150" desc="Imagette, original: D:/erudit/tstImg/ri_v56-1/source/tremb-fig1.eps" />
    <pointer xlink:href="a001f001n.jpg" xlink:label="im1n" xlink:title="fig.1 Image pleine grandeur"
    dimx="320" dimy="600" desc="Image pleine grandeur, original:
    D:/erudit/tstImg/ri_v56-1/source/tremb-fig1.eps" />
    <pointer xlink:href="a001f001v.svg" xlink:label="im1v" xlink:title="fig.1 format vectoriel SVG"
    desc="contient 7C875218.jpg 7C875219.jpg 7C87521A.jpg 7C87521B.jpg" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="im1" xlink:to="im1t" xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onLoad"
    xlink:title="Afficher fig.1 Imagette" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="im1" xlink:to="im1n" xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onRequest"
    xlink:title="Afficher fig.1 Image pleine grandeur" />
    <link xlink:type="arc" xlink:from="im1" xlink:to="im1v" xlink:show="embed" xlink:actuate="onRequest"
    xlink:title="Afficher fig.1 format vectoriel SVG" />
</linkgr>

Label

List item

Description

Item in an ordered or unordered list.

Comments

If a list occurs within a list (embedded list), the second-level list must appear as a list element of the first-level list following the content of that item, if present.

Examples

example 1

<unordlist sign="none">
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
</unordlist>

example 2

<ordlist numeration="decimal">
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        <unordlist sign="disc">
            <listitem>…</listitem>
            <listitem>…</listitem>
            <listitem>…</listitem>
        </unordlist>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
</ordlist>

Label

Last page

Description

Number of the article’s last page.

Comments

The page number specified in this element must not include any advertising that might follow an article. Thus, the page number must be the one on which the article ends, this number not necessarily being the number that immediately precedes that of the first page of the following article.

Examples

example 1

<pagination>
    <fpage>124</fpage>
    <lpage>157</lpage>
</pagination>

Label

Media object

Description

Non-textual information (audio, video, image, etc.) inserted into the body of the article, inline or as a block.

Comments

An “image”-type media object, with “block” value assigned to the “float” attribute, should always be found inside one of the following elements: box, equation, example, figure, object, table, table data cell, table heading cell, relation list source, relation list target

A media object, when found inside an element having textual contents only and/or sub-elements which do not influence the float of the text, must be used only with the “inline” value assigned to the “float” attribute. In this context, it will generally be used to represent special characters not supported by the font used to display the articles.

Examples

example 1

<mediaobject float="block">
    <audio id="ad3"/>
</mediaobject>

example 2

<mediaobject float="inline">
    <image id="im26" imagetype="layout"/>
</mediaobject>

Label

Organization member

Description

Organization member(s).

Examples

example 1

<author>
    <orgname>Pacte Group</orgname>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>A.</firstname>
            <familyname>Beeby</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>M.</firstname>
            <familyname>Fernández</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>O.</firstname>
            <familyname>Fox</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>I.</firstname>
            <familyname>Kozlova</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>W.</firstname>
            <familyname>Neunzig</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>M.</firstname>
            <familyname>Presas</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>P.</firstname>
            <familyname>Rodríguez</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <persname>
            <firstname>L.</firstname>
            <familyname>Romero</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
    <member>
        <contribution>Principal investigator</contribution>
        <persname>
            <firstname>A.</firstname>
            <middlename>Hurtado</middlename>
            <familyname>Albir</familyname>
        </persname>
    </member>
</author>

Label

A person’s middle name(s)

Description

Part of a person’s name consisting of an initial, middle name, nickname or any other information that might appear between first and family name.

Comments

There should only be one “autreprenom” element for all the information (middle name, initial, etc.) in the article concerning the same person.

Examples

example 1

<persname>
    <firstname>Roger</firstname>
    <middlename>Joseph L.</middlename>
    <familyname>Wright</familyname>
</persname>

Label

Number of audio objects

Description

Number of audio objects in the article.

Label

Number of bibliographic references

Description

Number of bibliographic references in the article.

Label

Number of equations

Description

Number of equations in the article.

Label

Number of figures

Description

Number of figures in the article.

Label

Number of images

Description

Number of images in the article.

Label

Number of media objects

Description

Number of media objects in the article.

Label

Number of notes

Description

Number of notes in the article.

Label

Number of pages

Description

Number of pages in the article.

Label

Number of paragraphs

Description

Number of paragraphs in the article.

Label

Number of tables

Description

Number of tables in the article.

Label

Number of video objects

Description

Number of video objects in the article.

Label

Number of volumes

Description

Quantity of volumes composing a book. It is a purely material distribution, contrary to division in part (tome, in french). At the origin, a volume indicates a papyrus roll on which was transcribed a book or one section of a book. In opposition to a part (tome) which means division (division in parts (tomes) corresponds to as many titles). A part (tome) can be divided into volumes, but not the opposite.

Label

Number of words

Description

Number of words in the article.

Label

Number

Description

Digital indicator; number assigned to something to characterize it among similar things or rank it in a sequence. The number is often accompanied by letters.

Examples

example 1

<figure id="fi3">
    <no>Fig. 1</no>
    <caption lang="fr">
        <blocktext>Comparaison entre les races de babouins en Afrique.</blocktext>
    </caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <image id="im7" imagetype="figure" />
    </mediaobject>
    <fignote id="nf1">…</fignote>
    <source>…</source>
</figure>

example 2

<notegr>
    <note id="no1">
        <no>1</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
    <note id="no2">
        <no>2</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
</notegr>

Label

Note

Description

A brief comment on a passage within the text of the article, placed outside the normal flow of text.

Comments

If the “no” element of a note does not have decimal numeration, the content of the note must be checked and the following done: (1) In the case of an email or affiliation, remove the note (and reference mark, if applicable) and put the information into the proper elements; (2) In the case of any other information and a note with an equivalent reference mark, leave the note as is; (3) In the case of any other information but a note with no corresponding reference mark, see if the note can be removed and the information put into a “ackno”, “gennote” or any other pertinent element. If finding the right element for the information appears impossible, add a reference mark similar to the note’s “no” to the title or author, depending upon the information type in the note.

Note that the note’s “no” must be changed if it is a dash because the dash is not suitable as a reference mark. It should be replaced by an asterisk “*” or the symbol most commonly used by the journal.

Examples

example 1

<notegr>
    <note id="no1">
        <no>1</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
    <note id="no2">
        <no>2</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
    <note id="no3">
        <no>3</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
</notegr>

Label

Note group

Description

Set of all the notes in the article.

Comments

The notes must be arranged in the order in which they appear in the article.

Examples

example 1

<notegr>
    <title>Notes</title>
    <note id="no1">
        <no>*</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
    <note id="no2">
        <no>1</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </note>
</notegr>

Label

Object

Description

A single set of information created with an application that can be inserted into another document and controlled through its properties.

Comments

Note that an object must contain only “audio” or “video”-type media objects, even if the content model for the “mediaobject” element also includes the “image” element.

The content of the “no” sub-element must be entered as it appears in the article, with no initial or final punctuation. It consists of a descriptor of the type of object and its number, such as (Sound excerpt 1, Vidéo 1, Sound 1, Video Clip 1, etc.)

Objects appearing within a paragraph must be relocated at the end of that paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<object id="ob3" objtype="video">
    <no>Clip vidéo 1</no>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <video id="vi7"/>
    </mediaobject>
    <source>…</source>
</object>

Label

Object group

Description

Set of objects (audio, video) in an article

Comments

This element is used only to represent the subdivision of an idea into multiple objects. Ex : Video excerpt 3a, Video excerpt 3b and Video excerpt , grouped under Video excerpt 3.

Sets of objects appearing within a paragraph must be relocated at the end of that paragraph.

Examples

example 1

<objectgr id="go1">
    <object id="ob1" objtype="audio">
        <no>Extrait sonore 1a</no>
        <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">…</mediaobject>
    </object>
    <object id="ob2" objtype="audio">
        <no>Extrait sonore 1b</no>
        <caption lang="en">…</caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">…</mediaobject>
    </object>
    <source>…</source>
</objectgr>

Label

Note about an object

Description

A short note on part or all of an object.

Examples

example 1

<object id="ob6" objtype="video">
    <no>Clip vidéo 6</no>
    <caption lang="fr">…</caption>
    <mediaobject float="block">
        <video id="vi7"/>
    </mediaobject>
    <objnote id="nb4">
        <no>a</no>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
    </objnote>
    <source>…</source>
</object>

Label

Ordered list

Description

List of items of the same kind, one after the other. Each item in the list is preceded by a number or letter, in ascending order.

Comments

If a list appears within a list (embedded list), the second-level list must appear inside a first-level list item and after its content, if present.

The value of the “counter” attribute must always be the number (decimal) that corresponds to the value of the numeration (e.g. set the value “4” for lowercase ascii letter numeration starting at “d”).

Examples

example 1

<ordlist numeration="ucaseroman" counter="3">
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
</ordlist>

example 2

<ordlist numeration="lcaseletter">
    <listitem>…</listitem>
    <listitem>
        <blocktext>…</blocktext>
        <ordlist numeration="lcaseroman">
            <listitem>…</listitem>
            <listitem>…</listitem>
            <listitem>…</listitem>
        </ordlist>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>…</listitem>
</ordlist>

Label

Organization division

Description

Organization division's name which the author is part of.

Label

Organization name

Description

An organization’s name.

Examples

example 1

<publisher id="">
    <orgname>SAAQ</orgname>
</publisher>

example 2

<author id="au1">
    <orgname>CSN</orgname>
    <email>…</email>
</author>

Label

Page

Description

Text and other elements which will constitute, once printed, one of the sides of a sheet of paper.

Label

Pagination

Description

The article’s page numbering in the journal.

Examples

example 1

<pagination numeration="decimal">
    <fpage>12</fpage>
    <lpage>29</lpage>
</pagination>

example 2

<pagination numeration="lcaseroman">pp. ii-vi</pagination>

Label

Paper history

Description

Record of management of the manuscript on paper.

Comments

This is the history of the paper version included directly in the article.

Includes, among other things, dates on which the manuscript was received, revised and accepted.

Examples

example 1

<paperhistory>
    <blocktext>Manuscrit reçu le 22 mai 1998; manuscrit révisé accepté le 11 décembre 1998</blocktext>
</paperhistory>

Label

Paragraph

Description

A set of blocks of text, each consisting of several sentences, serving to express one of the author's ideas. Indentation at the start of a block of text usually indicates the start of a new paragraph. Otherwise, this is done with a space, three asterisks or a section title.

Comments

Here are the recommended general rules for determining whether an element is to be inside or outside a paragraph:

• (1) Inside: These are elements that may not be moved in the article. They absolutely must be left where they were placed in the original text so that the meaning of the author’s statements is not lost. This rule applies to the following elements: “blocktext”, “blockquote”, “equation”, “example”, “equationgr”, “examplegr”, “unordlist”, “ordlist”, “relationlist”, “biblioref”, “verbatim”;
• (2) Outside: These are elements that may be moved in the article on the basis of various constraints, such as layout, without losing the meaning of the author’s statements. This rule applies to the following elements: “box”, “figure”, “boxgr”, “figuregr”, “objectgr”, “tablegr”, “object”, “table”.

You may go against the above rules in the following cases:

• (1) Inside: An article for which no paragraph numbering is desired. In this case, the “para” element must not be used under any circumstances. Therefore, the elements that should be found inside a paragraph will be used alone, without a paragraph. Here is a partial list of the types of articles that should not be numbered: indexes, works received, stage play, series of poems;
• (2) Outside: If an element that should generally be found outside a paragraph is preceded by a block of text that ends in a phrase such as “as shown in the following figure:”, it should be tagged inside the paragraph in which the block of text occurs. This is because it is closely related to the preceding block of text and, therefore, any moving of that element would result in a loss of meaning.

For tagging of interviews, putting each new statement by the interviewer and the interview subject’s response in the same paragraph is recommended.

Examples

example 1

<section1 id="s1n3">
    <para id="pa63">
        <blocktext>Deux accusés qui devaient comparaître mercredi matin se sont échappés
        du fourgon cellulaire en marche qui transportait 22 détenus au Palais de justice de
        Montréal.</blocktext>
        <ordlist numeration="decimal">
            <listitem>…</listitem>
            <listitem>…</listitem>
            <listitem>…</listitem>
        </ordlist>
    </para>
    <figure id="fi3">
        <no>Fig. 2</no>
        <caption lang="fr">
            <blocktext>Photo des accusés</blocktext>
        </caption>
        <mediaobject float="block">
            <image id="im7" imagetype="figure" />
        </mediaobject>
        <fignote id="nf1">…</fignote>
        <source>…</source>
    </figure>
    <para id="pa64">
        <blocktext>Le fourgon n'était plus qu'à un coin de rue du palais, à l'intersection des rues
        Viger et Hôtel de ville. L'un d'eux est Stéphane Labrie, 34 ans, un individu associé aux Hells
        Angels.</blocktext>
    </para>
</section1>

example 2

<para id="pa89">
    <blocktext>Pour Mme de Staël et les comparatistes qui vont suivre, la traduction est un révélateur
    de l’esprit national : c'est une pratique de médiation qui a pour but de permettre à une nation de
    devenir plus pleinement elle-même. Dans De l'Allemagne, par exemple, elle écrit :</blocktext>
    <blockquote>
        <blocktext>Les nations doivent se servir de guide les unes aux autres, et toutes
        auraient tort de se priver des lumières qu’elles peuvent mutuellement se prêter. Il y a quelque
        chose de très singulier dans la différence d’un peuple à un autre : le climat, l’aspect de la nature,
        la langue, le gouvernement, enfin surtout les événements de l’histoire, puissance plus extraordinaire
        encore que toutes les autres, contribuent à ces diversités [... ].</blocktext>
        <source>III, p. 31</source>
    </blockquote>
    <blocktext>Frayer avec l’étrangeté, c’est aller à la recherche de ressources qui serviront à alimenter
    la littérature nationale, à maintenir et renouveler la diversité des peuples.</blocktext>
</para>

Label

Parallel issue section

Description

Heading (corresponds to a feature, section or other division) under which the article is found in the table of contents of the journal issue, presented in a language other than its main language.

Comments

The parallel issue section might not be found in the article itself but, rather, in the table of contents of the journal issue in which the article was published. If so, it must be moved into the “parallelissuesect” element.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
   <issuesect>Comptes rendus</issuesect>
   <paralissuesect lang="en">Reviews</paralissuesect>
    …
</titlegr>

example 2

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Liminaire</issuesect>
    <paralissuesect lang="en">Introductory Note</paralissuesect> 
    …
</titlegr>

example 3

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Dossier spécial</issuesect>
    <paralissuesect lang="en">Special Issue</paralissuesect>
    <paralissuesect lang="es">Tema especial</paralissuesect> 
    …
</titlegr>

Label

Level 2 parallel issue section

Description

Heading (corresponds to a level 2 feature, section or other division) under which the article is found in the table of contents of the journal issue, presented in a language other than its main language.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Index général de la revue</issuesect>
    <issuesect2>vol. 1 à 14, 1990-2004</issuesect2>
    <paralissuesect lang="en">General Index</paralissuesect>
    <paralissuesect2 lang="en">vol. 1 to 14, 1990-2004</paralissuesect2> 
    …
</titlegr>

Label

Level 3 parallel issue section

Description

Heading (corresponds to a level 3 feature, section or other division) under which the article is found in the table of contents of the journal issue, presented in a language other than its main language.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <issuesect>Comptes rendus</issuesect>
    <issuesect2>Régionalisme et régions</issuesect2>
    <issuesect3>Moyen-Orient</issuesect3>
    <paralissuesect lang="en">Book reviews</paralissuesect>
    <paralissuesect2 lang="en">Regionalism and Regions</paralissuesect2>
    <paralissuesect3 lang="en">Middle East</paralissuesect3>
    …
</titlegr>

Label

Parallel period

Description

Publication period for a journal issue, presented in a language other than its main language.

Comments

The whole parallel periods of a given period must immediately follow this period.

Examples

example 1

<pub>
    <period>mars</period>
    <paralperiod lang="en">March</paralperiod>
    <year>2000</year>
</pub>

example 2

<pub>
    <period>printemps</period>
    <paralperiod lang="en">Spring</paralperiod>
    <period>été</period>
    <paralperiod lang="en">Summer</paralperiod>
    <year>1977</year>
</pub>

Label

Parallel subtheme of a journal issue

Description

Second part of the main subject of a journal issue, presented in a language other than its main language.

Examples

example 1

<themegr id="th1">
    <theme>La citoyenneté au travail ?</theme>
    <subtheme>Réflexions sur le milieu de travail de l’avenir</subtheme>
    <paraltheme lang="en">Citizenship at Work?</paraltheme>
    <paralsubtheme lang="en">Thinking the Workplace of the Future</paralsubtheme>
    <paraltheme lang="es">¿La ciudadanía laboral?</paraltheme>
    <paralsubtheme lang="es">Reflexiones sobre el medio laboral del futuro</paralsubtheme>
</themegr>

Label

Parallel subtitle

Description

Second part of the article’s title, presented in a language other than the article’s main language.

Comments

The parallel subtitle might not be found in the article itself but, rather, in the journal issues' table of contents in which the article was published. In this case, it must be put into the “paralsubtitle” element.

Examples

example 1

<titlegr>
    <title>A Special Kind of Downsizing</title>
    <subtitle>An Assessment of Union Member Reaction to Bumping</ssttitre>
    <paraltitle lang="fr">Un cas spécial de réduction de la taille d’un
    établissement</paraltitle>
    <paralsubtitle lang="fr">une évaluation de la réaction des membres du
    syndicat à la supplantation</paralsubtitle>
</titlegr>

Label

Parallel theme of a journal issue

Description

The main subject of a journal issue, presented in a language other than its main language.

Examples

example 1

<themegr id="th1">
    <theme>Antoine Berman aujourd'hui</theme>
    <paraltheme lang="en">Antoine Berman for our time</paraltheme>
</themegr>