Documents found
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2892.More information
Responding to a controversy in the literature about the digital skill of digital natives, this exploratory qualitative study examines the beliefs of future high school teachers regarding students' digital skill. Interviews were conducted with 36 participants from three Quebec universities and subjected to thematic analysis. The results uncover that these future teachers consider digital skill to be generally poorly developed in secondary students, in its threefold technological, cognitive and ethical dimension. Building on other empirical research, the study contributes to nuancing the “discourse of the obvious” on students' digital skill and to enriching the structuring of a sociocritical approach to digital technologies in education.
Keywords: natifs du numérique, compétence numérique, croyances, futurs enseignants, digital natives, digital skill, beliefs, future teachers, nativo digital, competencia numérica, creencias, futuros maestros
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2893.More information
Imbrication of school and domestic times lived by young mothers back to school in the program Ma place au soleil is crossed by many literacy practices. Imbrication of planned events within the present moment of the program to which these young women participate let them do and plan their school tasks as well as domestic tasks. This imbrication of times offers a comprehensive view of how these woman balance school and household work.
Keywords: temps, pratiques de l'écrit, jeunes mères, insertion sociale et professionnelle, conciliation travail-famille
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2894.More information
This work aims at the determination of favourable areas for the recharge of the Bonoua aquifer, using a cartographic approach and a Geographic Information System (GIS). The determination of these potential recharge areas of the aquifer required the integration of spatial information related to different parameters regulating the recharge, which are represented by thematic maps. A new classification has been done with a weighting of these parameters according to their degree of involvement in the recharge process, using a multicriterion analysis such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) of Saaty. In order to establish the map of potential recharge areas for the Bonoua aquifer, the weighting parameters were incorporated in the GIS. Analysis of the resulting map revealed five classes, included one class of better recharge covering 66% of the studied area. This dominant class is located at the central part of the aquifer, especially in the Terminal Continental, which is largely composed of coarse sands with relatively shallow slopes, where the land is used by industrial cultures. The areas of low recharge (34% of the studied area) are located at the western and eastern borders of the studied area on hydromorphic soils. This map showing the spatial distribution of the recharge areas could be considered as a decision-making tool, especially for management of the water resource and analysis of groundwater vulnerability. The preferential recharge areas need particular attention from authorities in order to ensure protection of the aquifer.
Keywords: recharge, eau souterraine, analyse multicritère, Bonoua, Côte d'Ivoire, recharge, groundwater, multicriteria analysis, Bonoua, Côte d'Ivoire
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2895.More information
The majority of urban and rural centres of Low-Loukkos basin (Northern Morocco) are generally located on the coast and coastal plains. Due to demographic and agricultural development, increase in water demand has led to pressure on groundwater resources. This situation has caused significant drops in groundwater level and may eventually lead to a deficit in the water balance of the aquifer, as well as a degradation of the freshwater quality by seawater intrusion. The study area of Rmel-Ouled Ogbane aquifers covers approximately 305 km2 and is located in Low-Loukkos basin to the south of the city of Larache. In order to improve the characterization of the aquifers, we chose to organize all data in standard formats stored in a digital HIS (Hydrogeological Information System) database. This HIS database presents a varied menu related to reservoir aquifers and water resources. Data have been obtained from different sources on different supports and have been processed and organized in a single database with spatial coordinates. A Visual Basic application has also been developed for a better use and management of this HIS database. Several thematic maps of the aquifers and hydrodynamic functioning of water resources have been produced to be exploited by decision makers. These products of HIS database allowed to update the water balance and to build a good conceptual model of the aquifers conducting to the development of a set of groundwater numerical simulation models consisting in a mathematical model in steady state and transient flows, and a pollutant transport model to simulate seawater intrusion in these aquifers.
Keywords: base de données SIH, Rmel-Oulad Ogbane, application Visual Basic, cartes thématiques, réservoirs aquifères, fonctionnements hydrodynamiques, bilan hydrique, modèle conceptuel, HIS database, Rmel-Oulad Ogbane, Visual Basic application, thematic maps, reservoir aquifers, hydrodynamic functioning, water balance, conceptual model
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2896.More information
Urban and agricultural development has had a significant impact on the water quality of rivers and lakes around the world. In the last few decades, constructed wetlands have been designed as wastewater treatment systems to prevent water quality deterioration in natural receiving waters. Constructed wetlands are built because they are considered sinks for many pollutants thereby protecting the water quality of downstream ecosystems. The treatment performance of these wetlands is generally assessed using mass balance calculations. However, the retention of metals by constructed wetlands is highly variable and the factors involved are still poorly understood. If wetlands are sinks for metals, the metal content of organisms should be lower downstream than upstream. In this context, organisms can be useful to assess the retention or transformation of metals by wetlands.The objective of this study was to determine whether periphyton and the gastropod Helisoma trivolvis could be used to evaluate the retention of dissolved metals in a constructed wetland. H. trivolvis is a freshwater pulmonate snail widespread in ponds across North America. It feeds mostly on periphyton and is more or less sedentary. Snails have been used as biomonitors because several species are metal tolerant. However, compared to snails, periphytic microorganisms may track more closely dissolved metal concentrations as they take up metals principally from the water column.This study was conducted at the Monahan Pond in Kanata, Ontario (Canada). This wetland was built in 1995 to treat run-off from an agricultural and residential watershed. Water chemistry samples, snails and periphyton grown on artificial substrata were collected at both the inlet and the outlet of the wetland in the fall of 1999. Tissue samples were digested with concentrated nitric acid and metal analyses were done by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). During the experiment several chemical parameters differed between the inlet and the outlet. Alkalinity was significantly higher at the inflow and all major cation concentrations were higher at the inflow. The temperature was on average 3 ºC higher at the outlet. Mass balance calculations showed that the wetland was a sink for most dissolved metals. Snails and periphyton tissue metal concentrations were higher at the inflow than at the outlet for Cd and Ni. However, no significant differences were observed between inflow and outlet tissue concentrations for Cr and Al, whereas Mn was actually significantly higher at the outlet. As a result, the metal content of the organisms did not consistently reflect the dissolved metal concentrations in water. For all metals except Cd and Zn, periphyton concentrations were on average higher than snail metal concentrations. Periphyton analyses can provide a more conservative measure of metal contamination and, when artificial substrates are used, correspond to defined and known periods of exposure.This study demonstrates that constructed wetlands may lead to increased metal content of downstream organisms even if these wetlands appear to be overall sinks for dissolved metals based on mass balance calculations. It also shows the need to consider not only metal concentrations, but also biological data when assessing the performance of pollution control facilities.
Keywords: Efficacité de traitement, gastropode pulmoné, helisoma trivolvis, marais artificiels, métaux, périphyton, Constructed wetlands, treatment efficiency, metals, periphyton, pulmonate snail, helisoma trivolvis
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2897.More information
The objective of this study is to assess the impact of francophone parents' socioeconomic status on eating habits, cooking skills, BMI (body mass index) and the food environment of their children in New Brunswick. The target population consists of parents of children in grades 5 and 6 in the southern French-speaking district of the province of New Brunswick. The data was collected through semi-structured telephone interviews with 43 parents, as well as using online questionnaires with 120 other parents. The quantitative analysis of the data shows statistically significant correlations between variables examined in this study. Specifically, the results found that a higher family income had a positive influence on the daily consumption of vegetables and fruits of the children. In addition, higher levels of education had a positive influence on the children's preparation of their own snacks and on the barriers perceived by parents with regards to the involvement of their children in cooking activities.
Keywords: Statut socio-économique, habitudes alimentaires, compétences culinaires, environnement alimentaire, Nouveau-Brunswick, enfants francophones, Socioeconomic status, eating habits, cooking skills, food environment, New Brunswick, francophone children
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2898.More information
The paper analyzes the construction of meaning secularism's in French multicultural school contexts, in the light of theories of relationship to knowledge. From a qualitative survey with students (at end of middle school) and observations, faced with teaching content and current regulations, we describe various interpretation of secularism by those students. Their relationship to secularism varies between (in) knowledge and approximations, passivity and reflexivity, and on the level of identity, between conflict and agreement, inclusion and exclusion. Those interpretations are forged by socio-academic and personal experiences where their statuses (majority and minority) and the degree of heterogeneity of the institution operate more than the academic performance alone. We show especially how some contradictory pedagogical models are involved in a conservative interpretation of secularism, and question secularists education, which is struggling to become a site of democratic discussion.
Keywords: Laïcité, expériences, pédagogie, rapport au savoir, démocratie, Secularism, experiences, education, relationship to knowledge, democracy, Laicidad, experiencias, pedagogía, relación con el saber, democracia
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2899.More information
SummaryThis article presents the results of a study that aims to better understand the values and objectives that guide primary grade teachers to differentiate reading instruction. In order to understand the meaning they give to their differentiation practices, phenomenological interviews were conducted with six teachers considered as models who foster reading progress with all their students. Individual and comparative analysis of the these six participants' profile reveal that the acknowledgement of every student's uniqueness, their self image as a learning guide and the importance attributed to the development of autonomy are values and objectives that guide their interventions.
Keywords: enseignants, primaire, lecture, différenciation, entrevues phénoménologiques, teachers, primary grades, reading, differentiation, phenomenological interviews, docentes, primaria, lectura, diferenciación, entrevistas fenomenológicas
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2900.More information
AbstractWe lack sufficient data to determine if the intensification and diversification of the uses of comme (English : like) by French Canadian adolescents is a passing fashion or a real change in the functioning of markers of approximation in Canadian French. I compare the use of comme in a corpus of interviews with adolescents and adults in the francophone community of South-Eastern New Brunswick with a view to the intensity of usage, the distribution of the operator in discourse, the functions that it fulfills and its position in the sentence. This empirical study raises questions about the evolution of language behavior within and between generations.