Documents found
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1992.More information
Thanks to a blood sample, Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) estimates the value of a livestock genetic potential. This technique is proposed as a new means to improve genetic progress. In this paper, we follow this so-called « third revolution » in cattle breeding through a qualitative study in the region where the « Montbeliard » race originates from (Jura and Doubs districts in France). All the farmers and inseminators we met are consistently and simultaneously favourable and reluctant to the introduction of such genomic tools. While MAS challenges their current practices, each of them also tries to assess its possible benefits. These underlying contradictions are the red wire of this investigation. Instead of considering such contradictions as a cognitive deficit, we analyse them as signs of hesitations and tensions and henceforth consider them as clues about the possible consequences of an ongoing innovation.
Keywords: génomique, génotypage SAM (Sélection assistée par marqueurs), élevage laitier, technologie, Montbéliarde, contradiction, modernité, genomic, genotyping, MAS (Marker-Assisted Selection), dairy farming, technology, Montbeliarde, contradiction, modernity
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1993.More information
In Québec, because of the aging of population and theintroduction by the government of policies to keep people inemployment, teachers are invited to stay in employment longer and putoff retirement. Our article seeks to determine if teachers can be opento such policies, and for what reasons they could be, through ananalysis of their working conditions and life trajectories. Theresearch is based on 24 semi-structured interviews, with teachers aged50 and over, in francophone school boards in Québec. We showthat most teachers do not envisage to stay longer in employment ineducation, but many plan to retire from their position and come back towork in other sectors, or under other conditions. The way teachersapproach retirement reveals inequalities as to the way social times andwork-life issues are articulated throughout the working life all theway to the transition into retirement.
Keywords: carrière, retraite, travail, genre, enseignants, career, retirement, work, gender, teachers, carrera, jubilación, trabajo, género, maestros
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1994.More information
Using the Research Chair on Social Aspects of Blood Donation (Héma-Québec-INRS) as a case study, this research note analyzes the conditions for implementing joint research approaches as well as issues concerning the recognition of knowledge produced in such a framework. The research chair, initiated in 2007 and rooted in a collaboration between the social sciences and the biomedical community, offers the opportunity to reflect on the impacts of research done outside universities and on the encounter between researchers from practice settings and university researchers.
Keywords: don de sang, recherche conjointe, recherche partenariale, transfert des connaissances, co-construction des connaissances, Québec, Héma-Québec, blood donation, joint research, partnership research, university research, knowledge transfer, co-construction of knowledge, Quebec, Héma-Québec
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1995.More information
This article stretches on cartographies and scores and their aesthetic, epistemological and experimental dimensions. Using american landscaper Lawrence Halprin 1960th work, this reflection investigates art, social science and urban planning. For the FDR Memorial project (Washington D.C) in 1975, Lawrence Halprin used cartography and score to visualize and enhance the sensory experience of the visitor in the future monument. The protocol of «maps-scores» («cartes-partitions» in french) is thought as a navigation tool. It articulates descriptions of spatial experiments («descriptive cartography») and the possibility of experiences to come (prescriptive score); this tool refers to a process which traces the experience at the same time as it guides the exploration. The primary attention to in situ experience and his writing process invites to question interdisciplinarity approaches on landscape. Artistic point of view and geographical point of view are linked to question the porosity of the landscape as a living medium. With the walk as a common and shared condition of experience, with the «mapsscores» as a research tool, we aim to question the passing from the sensibility to the writing, from the living condition to what have been experienced, and therefore experiment this process which question the sensory dimension of architectural conception.
Keywords: paysage, marche, partition chorégraphique, cartographie sensible, expérimentation, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial (Washington D.C, États-Unis), transdisciplinarité, art, aménagement, géographie, danse, landscape, walk, score, sensibility mapping, experimentation, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial (Washington D.C, USA), transdisciplinarity, art, architecture and urban planning, geography, performance
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1996.More information
This article focuses on participatory research to understand, support and promote the implementation of skills assessment in Cycle 3 within a strengthened priority education network. The research falls within the theoretical and methodological framework of ergonomic analysis of teachers' activities in their workplace and is enriched by a didactic analysis aimed at identifying the knowledge in circulation related to the tools implemented in skills assessment. Analysis of the results shows that the evaluation systems and their use(s) are characterized by the massive recourse to external resources, the time-consuming construction of new tools, and the enhancement of behavioural and cross-curricular skills to the detriment of disciplinary knowledge. The difficulty of establishing continuity in the students' pathways due to different professional cultures and sometimes dissonant prescriptions between network primary and middle schools is obvious. The discussion questions the conditions of implementation of prescriptions relating to skills assessment and the articulation of ergonomic and didactic approaches within participatory research.
Keywords: Activité enseignante, Didactique, Évaluation par compétences, Recherches participatives, Réseau d'Éducation Prioritaire, Didactic, Participatory research, Priority Education Network, Skills assessment, Teacher activity
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1997.More information
Based on the triple logic suggested by Maggi (2000) and taken up by Araújo-Oliveira (2005) to conceive scientific research on teaching practices, this article presents a secondary analysis of scientific publications in didactics of social sciences and humanities at the elementary level published in Quebec from 2001 to 2020. It shows that research in this field most often navigates between a system logic (focused on the analysis of prescribed teaching practices) and an actor logic (focused on the analysis of declared teaching practices). The actual teaching practices and learning activities carried out by students (focused on the logic of action) remain seldom investigated. Still predominantly constructivist, inclusive and focused on a critical and reflective vision of this teaching, research still does not explore the articulation between what is prescribed or declared and what happens in class.
Keywords: recherche, didactique, sciences humaines et sociales, primaire, pratiques d'enseignement, research, didactics, social studies, elementary school, teaching practices, investigación, didáctica, ciencias humanas y sociales, primaria, prácticas de enseñanza
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1998.More information
To understand the birth and evolution of the Société des Dix and the Cahiers des Dix, this article asks three questions. First, who were the members of the Society and how did they get to know each other ? Second, what was the context and purpose of the founding of these Cahiers in 1936 ? Finally, what was the conception of history conveyed in the journal and what did the terms ‘‘large'' and ‘‘small'' mean to the founders ? In the 1940s and 1950s, a new generation of historians came on the scene and referred to their predecessors as amateurs, or even ‘‘antique dealers.'' Should we see in this a quarrel between the Ancients and the Moderns, a new relationship with the University or the premises of a sensitivity close to that of the École des Annales ? The analysis reveals that the Société des Dix has been active in the disciplinarization of history in Quebec through the founding of its journal, its links with academia and its participation in debates on history and historians.
Keywords: Société des Dix, disciplinarisation, grande histoire, petite histoire, réseaux, intellectuels, historiographie, Society of Ten, disciplinarization, large history, small history, networks, intellectuals, historiography
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2000.More information
Within innovation ecosystems, intermediary organizations have emerged to develop new forms of collaboration between the academic and economic spheres. This paper focuses, using a longitudinal study, on the processes of configuration of a university intermediary organization and its integration into the ecosystems that constitute its environment. To do so, we use the framework of proximities in a structuralist ecosystemic perspective. Our research reveals different proximity dynamics and highlights relational activities that fall under three configurations: “initiator-informant”, “guide companion” and “gatekeeper facilitator”.
Keywords: Ecosystème, innovation, proximités, intermédiaire, Ecosystem, innovation, proximity, intermediary, Ecosistema, innovación, proximidad, intermediario