Documents found
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243.More information
Since the adoption of the Official Languages Act 50 years ago, Canada and the rest of the world have changed a lot. As we look back at the past half-century and imagine the next, it is important to take stock of both the successes obtained and the challenges that were faced since the Act came into effect.The year 1969 was pivotal in our history. On the one hand, the Act was born out of a national unity crisis between Canada's English- and French-speaking communities. On the other hand, it belonged to a broader movement which was seeking to recognize Canadians' rights and to pursue the democratization of our society. It is in recognizing that the Act contributed to national cohesion, to the advancement of official languages and the vitality of the communities that speak them across the country that our successes and challenges need to be evaluated.
Keywords: dualité, bilinguisme, langues, anglais, français, duality, bilingualism, languages, English, French
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244.
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247.More information
This article examines the reception of Gabriel Sagard's work and the importance given to the first Recollects' in the narratives on Canadian history published after the Conquest. In the nineteenth century, anti-clerical historians, both Anglophones and Francophones, show little interest in the evangelization attempts of the Indigenous Peoples, and ignore the work of Sagard. On the contrary, clerico-conservative intellectuals place missions at the center of a reconstruction of the mystical epic of the beginnings of New France. They draw heavily on Histoire du Canada (1636), in the same way historians who defended the land magnify the figure of Louis Hébert. It is not until the mid-twentieth century that the ethnographic value of Sagard's description of the Hurons in Grand Voyage (1632) is recognized.
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248.More information
SummaryThis text supports the thesis of the existence of a comprador bourgeoisie in Canada which is in a situation of "conflicting alliance" with the domestic capitalist class. The comprador bourgeoisie is composed of the internal administrators of foreign subsidiaries in Canada. It receives counsel from the same group of "organic intellectuals" (lawyers, financial consultants, consulting engineers) as the Canadian bourgeoisie: there is no specific intelligentsia connected with foreign companies in Canada. The article also studies the initial and final control of the main foreign subsidiaries and concludes that, whereas the large majority of subsidiaries are under majority or absolute control of the head-office, foreign subsidiaries are under family or internal control. The study is based on a list of 130 foreign subsidiaries whose assets were in excess of $100 million. These companies represent more than 50 % of foreign capital in Canada for the base-year 1975.
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249.More information
In 1937, Marius Barbeau (1883-1969) produced his seminal work, Romancero du Canada. For this work, which explores the popular French Canadian song tradition, Barbeau drew direct inspiration from George Doncieux's Romancéro populaire de la France. In this article, we probe the origins of Barbeau's Romancero and consider two main opposing poles of influence on the author – that of Canada's Ernest Gagnon, and that of France's George Doncieux – in order to demonstrate the originality of Barbeau's book, which unfolds in tandem with his fieldwork discoveries. Its substance, thematic sections, and critical content also reveal the depth of Barbeau's intuition as well as his theoretical position on the European French origins and impressive quality of the French Canadian traditional song repertory. As it unfolds, this work from Barbeau's maturity reveals itself to be much more than a simple florilegium; it subtly transforms itself into a veritable treatise on the evolution of scholarly research in the field of French Canadian traditional song.