Documents found
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271.More information
Known to modern readers mostly as the caricaturist of female character wit the strongest feminist identity of 18th century French Literature, Zilia of Lettres d'ne Péruvienne (1747), Françoise de Graffigny also wrote a play titled Cénie (1750), that also contains a feminist message related to the feminist identity.
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272.More information
Quechua ontologies presuppose that the places constituting the landscape are persons endowed with personhood, intentionality and agency. The places and mountains in particular are experienced as active and powerful members of society. Building over this Quechua perspective, this article historicizes the changing ways in which mountains participate within the power relations in the region of Cuzco (Peru). First, it pays attention to how mountains oppose, react to, or align themselves in relation to mining companies and local communities in the context of the recent mining boom associated with the neoliberal reforms of 1990s and the high metal prices. Then, using ethnographic texts produced in the region since the 1930s, the article sketches the ways in which mountains have been interacting with state institutions, landlords and Quechua communities during a good portion of the 20th century, using the 1969 Agrarian Reform as a watershed.
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273.
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The author analyses one of the first works on the history of the Haitian revolution, Voyage dans le Nord d'Hayti by Charles Hérard Dumesle, published in 1824. Through comparing it to the French critical traditions of the time, and to the social and political situation of Haiti, this analysis seeks to demonstrate the aesthetic and political constraints which inspired a polyphonic writing style for the Haitian intellectual. The juxtaposition of a multiplicity of cultural and philosophical traditions allowed Hérard Dumesle to create a fragmented text which corresponded to the omnipresent signs of destruction in the nation. The book, which rebels against both the metropolitan and indigenous despots, has remained buried beneath later works of historiography which sought to adapt themselves to the needs of a scientific discourse.
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276.More information
Colonial domination entails a struggle over interpretation. The colonizers establish whose version of reality will be codified and become the dominant one. Breaking with that dominant, authorized account implies a struggle against hegemony. Translators have always played key roles in colonization as agents of the colonizer. Subaltern translators and interpreters have often served in this role. But they often contest dominant meanings. They subvert dominant meanings as they transform them across the colonial divide. Theorizing translation practices from that point of colonial conjunction or contact, this essay adduces two examples to see how a decolonial methodology to study translation and power can shed light on how, in the hands of an astute translator, a translation can offer a counter-narrative that deconstructs colonial systems of meaning. The two examples: Frederick Douglass' intralingual translation of the meaning of the Fourth of July (1852) and singer Caetano Veloso's recording of Augusto de Campos' translation (1979) of John Donne's “Elegy 19: To His Mistress Going To Bed” (1654). Three interconnected characteristics make the translations decolonial. (1) They are abusive (Lewis, 2000; Venuti, 2013). (2) The target language or culture is an imagined world, better and more just than the world we live in now (Santos, 2014). (3) They are performatives insofar as they begin to bring that imagined world into existence through performing the translation (Austin, 1975). As a deconstructive embrace, this kind of translation draws attention to the colonial legacy and to the colonial context, and also to itself—that is, to its own selective appropriation (Spivak, 1995, p. 31).
Keywords: translation, colonialism, slave narratives, subaltern studies, decolonial, traduction, colonialisme, discours d'esclavage, études subalternes, décolonial
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277.More information
AbstractGulliver's Travels (Swift, 1726) enjoyed considerable success in 19th century France. Over one hundred editions appeared between 1815 and 1898, which figure includes over fifteen different revisions, abridged or bowdlerized versions and retranslations. Among these the 1727 translation by Pierre-François Guyot abbé Desfontaines is predominant. An analysis of the three versions (a reedition of Desfontaines's text, a retranslation and a bowdlerized children's version), published between 1832 and 1843, reveals how the notion of translation evolved during the 150-year period. An examination of paratextual discourse and examples taken from the most problematic passages (issues of “good taste” or convention) demonstrates that divergent translational practices coexisted throughout the 19th century. Nevertheless, editors seemed to be in agreement when it came to offering their French readership reworked texts that transformed Gulliver by infantilizing him and effacing his essence.
Keywords: Voyages de Gulliver, retraduction, réédition, monarchie de Juillet
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278.More information
AbstractThis article outlines the fieldwork carried out in 2006 by Bernard Genest (ministère de la Culture et des communications in Québec) and Jean Simard (Société québécoise d'ethnologie) in Belgium which aimed to gather information about immaterial cultural heritage. Belgium is one of the first European countries to create a legislative tool (Décret relatif aux biens culturels mobiliers et au patrimoine immatérielde la Communauté française) and programs to ensure the preservation, promotion and development of immaterial heritage. It has also been recognised by Unesco for two events as masterpieces of oral and intangible heritage for humanity, the Carnaval de Binche (2003) and the Géants et dragons processionnels (2005). Québec is pursuing a reflection on the idea of immaterial heritage and has begun an inventory programme that draws attention to several countries around the world. By constantly referring to Québec, the author outlines how in his view the Belgium experience can be a source of inspiration for other countries that recognize the importance of their immaterial cultural heritage in regards to their identity and diversity.
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279.More information
In this article, I examine the relationship between mobility and trust in the work and life of a wide range of early modern diplomatic interpreters. I address this relationship by bringing together archival material unearthed by literary scholars and social historians: specifically, historians of diplomacy, translation, and interpreting. I seek to address these documents from the perspective of occasional dragomans who found themselves performing the often-dangerous role of intercultural mediation in exchange for money, an improved social status, or freedom.
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